Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in Megacities: A Pilot Application in Metro Manila and Kathmandu Sectoral Profile Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal Activity 1.1: Development of a Risk-Sensitive Land Use Plan for Kathmandu City February 28, 2010 http://www.emi-megacities.org Report No. 1 of 6 Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in Megacities: A Pilot Application in Metro Manila and Kathmandu Sectoral Profile Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal February 28, 2010 Sectoral Profile: Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal Copyright (c) 2010 German Federal Foreign Affairs Office and EMI Permission to use this document is granted provided that the use of document or parts thereof is for educational, informational, and non-commercial or personal use only. EMI and the German Federal Foreign Affairs Office must be acknowledged in all cases as the source when reproducing any part of this publication. This project is partially funded by the German Federal Foreign Office through the German Committee for Disaster Reduction (Deutsches Komitee Katastrophenvorsorge e.v. - DKKV). For Further information on this project contact: EMI 2F Puno Bldg. Annex, 47 Kalayaan Ave., Diliman Quezon City 1101, Philippines T/F: +632 9279643; T: +632 4334074 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.emi-megacities.org Project Working Committee Contents Team Leader EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................ 1 Mr. Bimal Rijal - Head, Urban Development Department, KMC About the Project............................................................................................................ 3 Task Leaders The KMC Risk-Sensitive Land Use Planning Project.............................................. 4 Dr. Renan Tanhueco - Land Use Planner, EMI CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................. 5 Dr. Marqueza Reyes - Land Use Planner and DRR Specialist, EMI 1.1. Geography..................................................................................................................... 5 1.2. History.............................................................................................................................. 5 Members CHAPTER 2. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT............................................................... 7 Mr. Tribhuvan Pradhan - Chief, GIS Section, KMC Atty. Basanta Acharya - Chief, Legal Division, KMC 2.1. Location........................................................................................................................... 7 Ms. Kumari Rai - Chief, Social Welfare and Development Section, KMC 2.2. Land Area..................................................................................................................... 7 Engr. Surendra Rajkarnikar - Civil Engineer, Urban Development Department, KMC 2.3. Topography.................................................................................................................... 8 Mr. Dhruba Kafle - Chief, Disaster Risk Management and Citizen Safety Section, KMC 2.4. Climate............................................................................................................................ 8 Mr. Bishnu PrasadJoshi - Town Inspector, Enforcer Division, KMC 2.5. Geology........................................................................................................................... 8 Engr. Ram Chandra Kandel - Director, NSET Mr. Ganesh Jimee - Program Manager, NSET 2.6. Natural Hazards Identification........................................................................... 9 Mr. Rajjan M. Chitrakar - KMC Local Coordinator, EMI CHAPTER 3. POPULATION........................................................................................ 15 Dr. Engr. Fouad Bendimerad - Monitoring and Evaluation, EMI 3.1. Population Size and Annual Growth Rate................................................. 15 Dr. Tabassam Raza - Disaster Risk Reduction Expert, EMI 3.2. Population Distribution and Density.............................................................. 15 Mr. Marino Deocariza - Land Use and Socio-Economic Planning, EMI Dr. Noriel Tiglao - Transportation Planner, EMI 3.3. Household Population and Household Size............................................. 19 Atty. Asteya Santiago - Legal and Institutional Planning Expert, EMI 3.4. Population by Age and Sex................................................................................. 19 Atty. Saviniano Perez - Legal and Institutional Planning Expert, EMI 3.5. Population by Caste/Ethnicity............................................................................. 21 Engr. Sergio Abad - GIS Specialist, EMI 3.6. Migration......................................................................................................................... 22 Mr. Leigh Lingad - Project Analyst. EMI 3.7. Women-headed Households............................................................................. 23 Ms. Anna Leah Baliton - Research Intern, EMI Ms. Joyce Lyn Salunat - Research Intern, EMI 3.8. People with Disability.............................................................................................. 23 3.9. Situational Analysis .................................................................................................. 23 Project Management Support 3.10. Challenges and Opportunities........................................................................... 24 Dr. Fouad Bendimerad - Project Director, EMI CHAPTER 4. SOCIAL SECTOR.................................................................................. 25 Dr. Tabassam Raza - Project Manager, EMI Mr. Jerome B. Zayas - Project Coordinator, EMI 4.1. Education........................................................................................................................ 25 Ms. Julie Catherine Paran - Project Support, EMI 4.1.1. Literacy Rate................................................................................................. 25 Mr. Rajjan Chitrakar - Project Local Coordinator 4.1.2. Number and Type of Schools.............................................................. 25 4.2. Health, Nutrition and Family Planning........................................................... 26 Project Advisers Dr. Friedemann Wenzel - Professor, Geophysical Institute, Karlsruhe University, Germany 4.2.1. Health................................................................................................................ 26 Mr. Karl-Otto Zentel - Chief Executive Officer, German Committee for Disaster Reduction 4.2.2. Health Facilities............................................................................................. 27 4.3. Social Welfare.............................................................................................................. 27 External Reviewer 4.4. Housing........................................................................................................................... 27 Mr. Kenneth Topping - Topping Associates International 4.4.1. Floor Area per Person.............................................................................. 28 Editorial Team 4.4.2. Occupancy Status........................................................................................ 28 Editors - Mr. Kristoffer Berse, Mr. Wini Dagli, Mr. Jose Mari Daclan and 4.4.3. Informal Housing......................................................................................... 29 Ms. Julie Catherine Paran 4.5. Peace and Order........................................................................................................ 30 Layout and Graphic Artist - Mr. Jerome Cruz iv Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in Megacities: A Pilot Application in Manila and Kathmandu Sectoral Profile: Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal v 4.5.1. Police Protection.......................................................................................... 30 8.1 Waste Generation Rate....................................................................................... 66 4.5.2. Crime Rate.................................................................................................... 30 8.2 Waste Collection Rate.......................................................................................... 67 4.5.3. Fire Protection............................................................................................... 30 8.3 Pollution.......................................................................................................................... 68 4.5.4. Traffic Management.................................................................................... 31 8.3.1 Air Pollution .................................................................................................. 68 4.5.5. Disaster Management............................................................................... 32 8.3.2 Water Pollution............................................................................................ 68 4.6. Situational Analysis .................................................................................................. 33 8.3.3 Industrial Pollution....................................................................................... 69 4.7. Challenges and Opportunities........................................................................... 34 8.3.4 Noise Pollution............................................................................................. 69 CHAPTER 5. ECONOMIC SECTOR........................................................................