Consortium Pöyry Energy Oy Lithuanian Energy Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Program New Nuclear Power Plant in Lithuania Final Report 12.7.2007 Organizer of proposed economic Lietuvos Energija AB activity: Developer of EIA program: Pöyry Energy Oy (Finland) Lithuanian Energy Institute (Lithuania) Consortium Pöyry Energy Oy Lithuanian Energy Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Program New Nuclear Power Plant in Lithuania Final Report 12.7.2007 Organizer of proposed Lietuvos Energija AB R. Juozaitis economic activity: Developer of EIA Pöyry Energy Oy M. Pohjonen program: Lithuanian Energy Institute Nuclear Engineering Laboratory P. Poskas Revision Final Report Issue date 12 July 2007 Number of pages 85 Consortium Pöyry - LEI EIA Program Final Report / July 12 2007 3 (85) LIST OF AUTHORS Author, organization Tel. Chapters worked Signature out M. Pohjonen, Pöyry Energy Oy +358 10 33 24346 Contribution to the whole report S. Lyyra, Pöyry Energy Oy +358 10 33 24350 Contribution to the whole report P. Seitsalo, Pöyry Energy Oy +358 10 33 24325 Contribution to the whole report Prof. P. Poskas, LEI +370 37 40 1891 Contribution to the whole report Dr. A. Smaizys, LEI +370 37 40 1890 Contribution to the whole report Dr. V. Ragaisis, LEI +370 37 40 1889 Contribution to the whole report Dr. J. E. Adomaitis, LEI +370 37 40 1883 Contribution to the whole report TABLE OF REVISIONS Issue Date Description Draft 1 July 2007 Final report 12 July 2007 Consortium Pöyry - LEI EIA Program Final Report / July 12 2007 4 (85) CONTENTS 1 GENERAL INFORMATION.................................................................................................... 13 1.1 ORGANIZER OF THE PROPOSED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ................................................................................... 14 1.2 DEVELOPERS OF THE EIA PROGRAM .............................................................................................................. 14 1.3 NAME AND CONCEPT OF THE PROPOSED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ..................................................................... 14 1.4 STAGES OF ACTIVITY AND SCHEDULE ............................................................................................................. 14 1.5 ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 15 1.6 DEMAND FOR RESOURCES AND MATERIALS .................................................................................................... 15 1.7 SITE STATUS AND TERRITORY PLANNING DOCUMENTS .................................................................................. 15 1.8 UTILIZATION OF THE EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................ 17 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE EIA PROCEDURE........................................................................ 18 2.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................................... 18 2.2 EIA PROGRAM AND EIA REPORT .................................................................................................................... 18 2.3 PREPARATION OF THE EIA PROGRAM ............................................................................................................ 19 2.4 INFORMING THE PUBLIC .................................................................................................................................. 20 2.5 REVIEW BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITY ...................................................................................................... 20 2.6 INTERNATIONAL HEARING ............................................................................................................................... 21 2.7 APPROVAL OF THE EIA-PROGRAM ................................................................................................................. 21 3 PLAN OF COMMUNICATION AND PARTICIPATION.................................................... 22 3.1 STAKEHOLDER GROUP ..................................................................................................................................... 22 3.2 INFORMATION AND DISCUSSION EVENTS ......................................................................................................... 23 3.3 REVIEW OF EIA PROGRAM AND EIA REPORT BY RELEVANT PARTIES .......................................................... 23 3.4 PUBLIC DISPLAY OF THE EIA PROGRAM AND EIA REPORT ........................................................................... 23 3.5 APPROVAL OF THE EIA PROGRAM AND EIA REPORT BY COMPETENT AUTHORITY ..................................... 23 3.6 OTHER COMMUNICATIONS .............................................................................................................................. 24 3.7 INTERNATIONAL HEARING ............................................................................................................................... 24 4 ALTERNATIVES....................................................................................................................... 25 4.1 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................................................................. 25 4.2 NON -IMPLEMENTATION ................................................................................................................................... 26 4.3 OPTIONS EXCLUDED FROM THE INVESTIGATION ............................................................................................ 26 4.4 PRESENT STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT AS A BENCHMARK ............................................................................ 27 5 TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES.......................................................................................... 28 5.1 OPERATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ............................................................................. 28 5.2 PLANT TYPE OPTIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 29 5.3 FUNDAMENTALS OF NUCLEAR SAFETY ............................................................................................................ 31 5.4 PROCUREMENT OF FUEL .................................................................................................................................. 32 5.5 NUCLEAR WASTE MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................................................... 32 5.6 SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL ...................................................................................................................................... 33 5.7 POWER PLANT WASTE AND OTHER WASTES .................................................................................................... 33 5.8 RADIOACTIVE EMISSIONS ................................................................................................................................ 33 5.9 OTHER EMISSIONS INTO AIR ............................................................................................................................ 33 5.10 WATER SUPPLY AND WASTE WATER DISCHARGE ........................................................................................... 34 5.10.1 Raw water supply.................................................................................................................................... 34 5.10.2 Sewage water .......................................................................................................................................... 34 5.10.3 Cooling water.......................................................................................................................................... 34 6 WASTE........................................................................................................................................ 35 6.1 CONSTRUCTION OF THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT .......................................................................................... 35 6.2 OPERATION OF THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ................................................................................................. 35 6.2.1 Non-radioactive waste ................................................................................................................................. 35 6.2.2 Radioactive waste ........................................................................................................................................ 36 6.3 DECOMMISSIONING ......................................................................................................................................... 38 Consortium Pöyry - LEI EIA Program Final Report / July 12 2007 5 (85) 7 PRESENT STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT, ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND MITIGATION MEASURES................................................................................................................................ 39 7.1 THE STATE OF WATERS .................................................................................................................................... 39 7.1.1 Present state of the environment .................................................................................................................. 39 7.1.1.1 Hydrogeological conditions..................................................................................................................................39