Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2014 Isang Yun's Duo for Viola and Piano and Korean Traditional Music Heeyeon Julia Kim Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MUSIC ISANG YUN’S DUO FOR VIOLA AND PIANO AND KOREAN TRADITIONAL MUSIC By HEEYEON JULIA KIM A Treatise submitted to the College of Music in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Music Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2014 Heeyeon Julia Kim defended this treatise on April 1, 2014. The members of the supervisory committee were: Pamela Ryan Professor Directing Treatise Evan Jones University Representative Greg Sauer Committee Member Corinne Stillwell Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the treatise has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii To the memory of my grandmother, Maria Shin iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to give my sincere thanks to my major professor Dr. Pamela Ryan for her endless support and encouragement throughout my doctoral degree at the Florida State University. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. Jones, Professor Sauer and Professor Stillwell for serving on my committee and giving guidance and support. Most importantly, I would like to express my special thanks to my sister Sylvia Kim and my parents, Mibong Kim and Beronica Um. This would not have been possible without the people above. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. vii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. viii List of Musical Examples ............................................................................................................... ix Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ xiii 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Brief Information about Isang Yun ............................................................................... 1 1.2 Significance and Purpose of Study ................................................................................ 3 2. KOREAN TRADITIONAL INSTRUMENTS ....................................................................... 8 2.1 Classification of Korean Traditional Instruments ......................................................... 8 2.2 Traditional Korean String Instruments ........................................................................ 10 2.2.1 Plucked String Instruments ................................................................................ 10 2.2.1.1 Gayageum ............................................................................................... 10 2.2.1.2 Geomungo ............................................................................................... 14 2.2.1.3 Hyangbipa ............................................................................................... 16 2.2.1.4 Dangbipa ................................................................................................ 17 2.2.1.5 Wolgeum ................................................................................................. 18 2.2.1.6 Daejaeng ................................................................................................. 19 2.2.1.7 Geum ....................................................................................................... 20 2.2.1.8 Seul .......................................................................................................... 21 2.2.1.9 Gonghu .................................................................................................... 22 2.2.2 Struck String Instruments ................................................................................... 23 2.2.2.1 Yanggeum ................................................................................................ 23 2.2.3 Bowed String Instruments .................................................................................. 24 2.2.3.1 Ajaeng ..................................................................................................... 24 2.2.3.2 Haegeum ................................................................................................. 27 3. DUO FOR VIOLA AND PIANO ........................................................................................... 34 3.1 Understanding the Background of Duo for Viola and Piano ...................................... 34 3.2 Analysis of Duo for Viola and Piano .......................................................................... 40 3.2.1 Identifying Sound Character in Korean Traditional String Instruments ............ 41 3.2.2 Understanding Dynamic Contrasts and Changes ............................................... 46 3.2.3 Korean Traditional Music Technique ................................................................ 49 v 3.2.3.1 Nonghyeon .............................................................................................. 49 3.2.4 Korean Traditional Music Elements .................................................................. 57 3.2.4.1 The Role of the Piano ............................................................................. 57 3.2.5 Performance Perspectives .................................................................................. 61 3.2.5.1 Executing the Ornaments ........................................................................ 61 4. SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... 64 APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................... 65 A. KOREAN TRADITIONAL MUSIC .................................................................................... 65 A.1 Characteristic of Korean Traditional Music ................................................................ 65 A.1.1 The Twelve Yul ................................................................................................. 65 A.1.2 Modes ................................................................................................................ 65 A.1.3 Yeoneum ............................................................................................................ 67 A.1.4 Call and Response ............................................................................................. 68 A.1.5 Jangdan ............................................................................................................. 68 A.2 Classification of Korean Traditional Music ................................................................ 69 A.2.1 Jeongak (Court Music) ...................................................................................... 70 A.2.1.1 Jeryeak ................................................................................................... 70 A.2.1.2 Pungryuak .............................................................................................. 72 A.2.1.3 Jeongga .................................................................................................. 78 A.2.1.4 Gochwiak ............................................................................................... 83 A.2.2 Minsogak (Folk Music) ..................................................................................... 86 A.2.2.1 Vocal Music ........................................................................................... 86 A.2.2.2 Instrumental Music ................................................................................ 95 A.2.2.3 Religious Music ..................................................................................... 99 B. PICTURES OF KOREAN TRADITIONAL INSTRUMENTS ......................................... 103 C. REPRINT PERMISSION LETTER FROM BOOSEY & HAWKES ................................ 108 D. CAPTURES OF PERMISSION TO USE THE PICTURES OF KOREAN TRADITIONAL INSTRUMENTS ................................................................................................................. 109 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 110 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH....................................................................................................... 113 vi LIST OF TABLES 2.1. Classification of instruments according to Akhakgwebeom. ............................................... 8 2.2. Classification of instruments according to paleum ............................................................. 9 2.3. Classification of instruments according to principle of sound ............................................ 9 2.4. Classification of instruments according to playing method .............................................. 10 2.5. Paleum of haegeum ........................................................................................................... 29 3.1. List of compositions by Isang Yun .................................................................................... 37 A.1. Jeongak (court