STATE OF AVIATION SAFETY (116–28) HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON AVIATION OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JULY 17, 2019 Printed for the use of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure ( Available online at: https://www.govinfo.gov/committee/house-transportation?path=/ browsecommittee/chamber/house/committee/transportation U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 37–561 PDF WASHINGTON : 2020 VerDate Aug 31 2005 12:52 Jan 22, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 P:\HEARINGS\116\AV\2019\7-17-2~1\TRANSC~1\37561.TXT JEAN TRANSPC154 with DISTILLER COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE PETER A. DEFAZIO, Oregon, Chair ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, SAM GRAVES, Missouri District of Columbia DON YOUNG, Alaska EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas ERIC A. ‘‘RICK’’ CRAWFORD, Arkansas ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS, Maryland BOB GIBBS, Ohio RICK LARSEN, Washington DANIEL WEBSTER, Florida GRACE F. NAPOLITANO, California THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois MARK MEADOWS, North Carolina STEVE COHEN, Tennessee SCOTT PERRY, Pennsylvania ALBIO SIRES, New Jersey RODNEY DAVIS, Illinois JOHN GARAMENDI, California ROB WOODALL, Georgia HENRY C. ‘‘HANK’’ JOHNSON, JR., Georgia JOHN KATKO, New York ANDRE´ CARSON, Indiana BRIAN BABIN, Texas DINA TITUS, Nevada GARRET GRAVES, Louisiana SEAN PATRICK MALONEY, New York DAVID ROUZER, North Carolina JARED HUFFMAN, California MIKE BOST, Illinois JULIA BROWNLEY, California RANDY K. WEBER, SR., Texas FREDERICA S. WILSON, Florida DOUG LAMALFA, California DONALD M. PAYNE, JR., New Jersey BRUCE WESTERMAN, Arkansas ALAN S. LOWENTHAL, California LLOYD SMUCKER, Pennsylvania MARK DESAULNIER, California PAUL MITCHELL, Michigan STACEY E. PLASKETT, Virgin Islands BRIAN J. MAST, Florida STEPHEN F. LYNCH, Massachusetts MIKE GALLAGHER, Wisconsin SALUD O. CARBAJAL, California, Vice Chair GARY J. PALMER, Alabama ANTHONY G. BROWN, Maryland BRIAN K. FITZPATRICK, Pennsylvania ADRIANO ESPAILLAT, New York JENNIFFER GONZA´ LEZ-COLO´ N, TOM MALINOWSKI, New Jersey Puerto Rico GREG STANTON, Arizona TROY BALDERSON, Ohio DEBBIE MUCARSEL-POWELL, Florida ROSS SPANO, Florida LIZZIE FLETCHER, Texas PETE STAUBER, Minnesota COLIN Z. ALLRED, Texas CAROL D. MILLER, West Virginia SHARICE DAVIDS, Kansas GREG PENCE, Indiana ABBY FINKENAUER, Iowa JESU´ S G. ‘‘CHUY’’ GARCI´A, Illinois ANTONIO DELGADO, New York CHRIS PAPPAS, New Hampshire ANGIE CRAIG, Minnesota HARLEY ROUDA, California (II) VerDate Aug 31 2005 12:52 Jan 22, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 P:\HEARINGS\116\AV\2019\7-17-2~1\TRANSC~1\37561.TXT JEAN TRANSPC154 with DISTILLER SUBCOMMITTEE ON AVIATION RICK LARSEN, Washington, Chair ANDRE´ CARSON, Indiana GARRET GRAVES, Louisiana STACEY E. PLASKETT, Virgin Islands DON YOUNG, Alaska STEPHEN F. LYNCH, Massachusetts DANIEL WEBSTER, Florida ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky District of Columbia SCOTT PERRY, Pennsylvania DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois ROB WOODALL, Georgia STEVE COHEN, Tennessee JOHN KATKO, New York HENRY C. ‘‘HANK’’ JOHNSON, JR., Georgia DAVID ROUZER, North Carolina DINA TITUS, Nevada LLOYD SMUCKER, Pennsylvania JULIA BROWNLEY, California PAUL MITCHELL, Michigan ANTHONY G. BROWN, Maryland BRIAN J. MAST, Florida GREG STANTON, Arizona MIKE GALLAGHER, Wisconsin COLIN Z. ALLRED, Texas BRIAN K. FITZPATRICK, Pennsylvania JESU´ S G. ‘‘CHUY’’ GARCI´A, Illinois TROY BALDERSON, Ohio EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas ROSS SPANO, Florida SEAN PATRICK MALONEY, New York PETE STAUBER, Minnesota DONALD M. PAYNE, JR., New Jersey SAM GRAVES, Missouri (Ex Officio) SHARICE DAVIDS, Kansas, Vice Chair ANGIE CRAIG, Minnesota GRACE F. NAPOLITANO, California SALUD O. CARBAJAL, California PETER A. DEFAZIO, Oregon (Ex Officio) (III) VerDate Aug 31 2005 12:52 Jan 22, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 P:\HEARINGS\116\AV\2019\7-17-2~1\TRANSC~1\37561.TXT JEAN TRANSPC154 with DISTILLER VerDate Aug 31 2005 12:52 Jan 22, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 P:\HEARINGS\116\AV\2019\7-17-2~1\TRANSC~1\37561.TXT JEAN TRANSPC154 with DISTILLER CONTENTS Page Summary of Subject Matter .................................................................................... vii STATEMENTS OF MEMBERS OF CONGRESS Hon. Rick Larsen, a Representative in Congress from the State of Wash- ington, and Chair, Subcommittee on Aviation: Opening statement ........................................................................................... 1 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 3 Hon. Garret Graves, a Representative in Congress from the State of Lou- isiana, and Ranking Member, Subcommittee on Aviation: Opening statement ........................................................................................... 4 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 5 Hon. Peter A. DeFazio, a Representative in Congress from the State of Or- egon, and Chair, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure: Opening statement ........................................................................................... 5 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 7 Hon. Sam Graves, a Representative in Congress from the State of Missouri, and Ranking Member, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure: Opening statement ........................................................................................... 9 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 9 Hon. Eddie Bernice Johnson, a Representative in Congress from the State of Texas, prepared statement .............................................................................. 95 Hon. Donald M. Payne, Jr., a Representative in Congress from the State of New Jersey, prepared statement .................................................................... 95 WITNESSES PANEL 1 Paul Njoroge, on behalf of the families of Ethiopian Airlines flight 302, husband of Carolyne Karanja, father of Ryan Njuguna, Kelli Pauls, Rubi Pauls, and son-in-law of Ann Karanja, victims of flight ET302, accompanied by Michael Stumo, father of Samya Stumo, victim of flight ET302: Oral statement .................................................................................................. 10 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 12 PANEL 2 Dana Schulze, Acting Director, Office of Aviation Safety, National Transpor- tation Safety Board: Oral statement .................................................................................................. 23 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 25 Captain Joseph G. DePete, President, Air Line Pilots Association, Inter- national: Oral statement .................................................................................................. 38 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 40 Lori Bassani, National President, Association of Professional Flight Attend- ants: Oral statement .................................................................................................. 51 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 53 Michael Perrone, President, Professional Aviation Safety Specialists, AFL– CIO: Oral statement .................................................................................................. 54 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 56 (V) VerDate Aug 31 2005 12:52 Jan 22, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 P:\HEARINGS\116\AV\2019\7-17-2~1\TRANSC~1\37561.TXT JEAN TRANSPC154 with DISTILLER VI Page John Samuelsen, International President, Transport Workers of America: Oral statement .................................................................................................. 61 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 63 SUBMISSIONS FOR THE RECORD Letter from Sara Nelson, International President, Association of Flight At- tendants—CWA, AFL–CIO, Submitted for the Record by Hon. Larsen .......... 70 APPENDIX Questions from Hon. Eddie Bernice Johnson for Dana Schulze, Acting Direc- tor, Office of Aviation Safety, National Transportation Safety Board ............. 97 Questions from Hon. Garret Graves for Dana Schulze, Acting Director, Office of Aviation Safety, National Transportation Safety Board ............................... 97 Questions from Hon. Eddie Bernice Johnson for Captain Joseph G. DePete, President, Air Line Pilots Association, International ....................................... 100 Questions from Hon. Garret Graves for Captain Joseph G. DePete, President, Air Line Pilots Association, International ......................................................... 100 Questions from Hon. Eddie Bernice Johnson for Lori Bassani, National Presi- dent, Association of Professional Flight Attendants ......................................... 101 Questions from Hon. Eddie Bernice Johnson for Michael Perrone, President, Professional Aviation Safety Specialists, AFL–CIO .......................................... 102 Questions from