TABLE OF CONTENTS MODEL PENAL CODE PART I. GENERAL PROVISIONS ARTICLE 1. PRELIMINARY Section 1.01. Title and Effective Date ..................................... 1.02. Purposes; Principles of Construction ......................... 1.03. Territorial Applicability ..................................... 1.04. Classes of Crimes; Violations ................................. 1.05. All Offenses Defined by Statute; Application of General Pro- vibions of the Code .......................................... 1.06. Time Limitations ............................................ ,107. Method of Prosecution "/heyi Conduct Constitutes IMore Than One Offense ............................................... 1.08. When Prosecution Barred by Former Prosecution for the Same Offense .................................................... 1.09. W en Prosecution Barred by Former Prosecution for Different Offense .................................................... 1.10. Former Prosecution in Another Jurisdiction: When a Bar ...... 1.11. Former Prosecution Before Court Lacking Jurisdiction or When Fraudently Procured by the Defendant ...................... 1.12. Proof Beyond a Reasonable Doubt; Affirmative Defenses; Burden of Proving Fact When Not an Element of an Offense; Pre- sumptions ................................................. 1.13. General Definitions .......................................... ARTICLE 2. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LIABILITY 2.01. Requirement of Voluntary Act; Omission as Basis of Liability; Possession as an Act ....................................... TABLE OF CONTLNTS (Continued) Section 2.02. General Requircments of Culpability .......................... 2.03. Causal Relationship Between Conduct ard Result; Divergence Between Result Designed or Contemplated and Actual Result or Between Probable and Actual Result .................... 2.04 Ignorance or Mistake ......................................... 2.05 When Culpability Requirements Are Inapplicable to Violations and to Offenses Defined by Other Statutes; Effect of Absolute Liability in Reducing Grade of Offense to Violation .......... 2.06. Liability for Conduct of Another; Complicity ................. 2.07. Liability of Corp'rations, Unincorporated Associations and Per- sons Acting, or Under a Duty to Act, in Their Behalf ....... 2.03 Intoxication .................................................. Z09. Duress ...................................................... 2.10. M ilitary Orders ............................................. 2.11. Consent ..................................................... 2.12. De Minimis Infractions ....................................... 2.13. Entrapment .................................................. ARTICLE 3. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF JUSTIFICATION 3.01. Justification an Affirmative Defense: Civil Renedies Unaffected 3.02. Justification Generally: Choice of Evils ....................... 3.03. Execution of Public Duty .................................... 3.04. Use of Force in Self-Protection ............................... 3.05. Use of Force for the Protection of Other Persons ............. 3.06. Use of Force for the Protection of Property .................. 3.07. Use of Force in Law Enforcement ............................ 3.03. Use of Force by Persons With Special Responsibility for Care, Discipline or Safety of Others .............................. 3.09. Mistake of Law as to Unlawfulness of Force or Legality of Arrest; Reckless or Negligent Use of Otherwise Justifiable Force; Reckless or Negligent Injury or Risk of Injury to Innocent Persons .......................................... 3.10. Justification ir. Property Crime .............................. 3.11. Definitions ................................................... TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) ARTICLE 4. RESPONSIBILITY Section 4.01. Mental Disease or Defect Excluding Responsibility ............ 4.02. Evidence of Mental Disease or Defect Admissible When Relevant to Element of the Offense; [Miental Disease or Defect Impairing Capacity as Ground for 1litigation of Punishment in Capital Cases] .................................................... 4.03. MNental Disease or Defect Excluding Resp,,nsibility Is Affirmative Defense; Requirement of Notice; Fnrm of Verdict and Judg- zent When Finding of Irresponsibility Is made ............. 4.04. M\ental Disease or Defect Excluding Fitness to Proceed ...... 4.05. Psychiatric Examination of Defendant With Respect to .fental Disease or Defect ....................................... 4.06 Determination of Fitness to Proceed; Effect of Finding of %in- fitness; Proceedings if Fitness Is Regaine, [; Post-Commitment Hearings] ................................................. 4.07. Determination of Irresponsibility on Basis of Report; Access to Defendant by Psychiatrist of His Own Choice; Form of Expert Testimony When Issue of Responsibility Is Tried ...... 4.08. Legal Effect of Acquittal on the Ground of Mental Disease or Defect Excluding Responsibility; Commitment; Relerse or Discharge ................................................. 4.09. Statements for Purposes of Examination or Treatment Inad- missible Except on Issue of Mienad Condition ................ 4.10. Immaturity Excluding Criminal Conviction; Transfer of Pro- ceedings to Juvenile Court ................................ ARTICLE 5. INCHOATE CRIMES 5.01. Criminal Attempt ............................................ 5.02. Criminal Solicitation ......................................... 5.03. Criminal Conspiracy ......................................... 5.04. Incapacity, Irresponsibility or Immunity of Party to Solicitation or Conspiracy ............................................. 5.05. Grading of Criminal Attempt, Solicitation and Conspiracy; Miti- gation in Cases of Lesser Danger; Multiple Convictions Barred 5.06. Possessing Instruments of Crime; Weapons ................... 5.07. Prohibited Offensive Weapons ............................... (xi) TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) ARTICLE 6. AUTHORIZED DISPOSITION OF OFFENDERS Section Page 6.01. Degrees of Felonies ........................................ 91 6.02. Sentence in Accordance With Code; Authorized Dispositions .... 91 6.03. Fines ........................................................ 93 6.04. Penalties Against Corporations and Unincorporated Associations; Forfeiture of Corporate Charter or Revocation of Certificate Authorizing Foreign Corporation to Do Business in the State 94 6.05. Young Adult Offenders ...................................... 95 6.06. Sentence of Imprisonment for Felony; Ordinary Terni ........ 97 6.06. (Alternate) Sentence of Imprisonment for Felony; Ordinary Term s ..................................................... 98 6.07. Sentence of Imprisonment for Felony; Extended Terms ......... 99 6.08. Sentence of Imprisonment for Misdemeanors and Petty Misdc- meanors; Ordinary Terms .................................. 10 6.09. Sentence of Imprisonment for Misdemeanors and Petty Misde- meanors; Extended Terms ................................ 100 6.10. First Release of All Offenders on Parole; S-''tence of Imprison- ment Includes Separate Parole Term; Length of Parole Term; Length of Recommitment and Reparole After Revocation of Parole; Final Unconditional Release ........................ 102 6.11. Place of Imprisonment ....................................... 103 6.12. Reduction of Conviction by Court to Lessor Degree of Felony or to Misdemeanor ............................................ 104 6.13. Civil Commitment in Lieu of Prosecutm.t or of Sentence ....... 104 ARTICLE 7. AUTHORITY OF COURT IN SENTENCING 7.01. Criteria for Withholding Sentence of Imprisonment and for Placing Defendant on Probation ............................ 106 7.2. Criteria for Imposing Fines ................................... I'S 7.03. Criteria for Sentence of Extended Tern of Imprisonment; Felonies ................................................... 109 7.04. Criteria for Sentence of Extended Term of Imprisonment; Mis- demeanors and Petty Misdemeanors .......................... 111 (xii) TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Section Page 7.05. Former Conviction in Another Jurisdiction; Definition and Proof of Conviction; Scatence Taking into Ac.ount Admitted Crimes Bars Subsequcnt Conviction for Such Crimes ................ 113 7.06. Multiple Sentences; Concurrent and Consecutive Terms ......... 114 7.07. Procedure on Sentence; Pro-sentence Investigation and Report; Remand for Psychiatric Examination; Transmission of Retords to Dcpartrment of Correction ................................ 117 7.08. Commitment for Observation; Sentence of Imprisonment for Felony Deemed Tentative for Period of One Year; Re-sentence on Petition of Commissioner of Correction ............... 120 7.09. Credit for Time of Detention Prior to Sentence; Credit fc. Im- prisonment-Unler Earlier Sentence for the Same Crime ....... 122 PART II. DEFINITION- OF SPECIFIC CRIMES OFFENSES AGAINST EXYSTENCE OR- STABILITY OF THE STATE Reporter's Note ...... ..... ........................... 13 OFFENSES INVOLVING DANGER TO THE PERSON ARTICLE 210. CRIMINAL HOMICIDE 210.0. Definitions ............. ..................................... 124 210.1. Criminal Homicide ........................................... 125 210.2. M urder ...................................................... 125 210.3. Manslaughter ................................................ 126 210.4. Negligent Homicide .......................................... 126 210.5. Causing or Aiding Suicide .................................... 127