v UNITED STATES OF AMERICA <Longrrssional REcord st PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 9 I CONGRESS SECOND SESSION VOLUME 116-PART 29 NOVEMBER 24, 1970, TO DECEMBER 3, 1970 (PAGES 38593 TO 39928) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON, 1970 December 1, 1970 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 39285 Companies included in summary data for Federal Government is to spend $1.5 bu­ Then, as she guided the big yellow school 38 companies lion it should do so az part of a declared bus down the hllly streets of Berkeley, Calif., An~ericanPetrofina, Incorporated. national policy commitment to quality to pick up another load, Mrs. Louise Parker­ Apco Oil Corporation. integrated education, whether that be black, miniskirted and well-spoken-talked Ashland Oil & Refining. over her shoulder: achieved as a result of enforcement of "The kids? They do fine on the bus. They Atlantic Richfield Company (Includes Sin- the 14th amendment or voluntarily. I clair Oil Corporation) . play and have fun. It's just the adults that Cities Service Company. think this money should be used as an d0n't like it--I think it·s the idea of some­ Continental 011 Company. incentive to aid the establishment of thing new. But what we really should worry El Paso Natural Gas Company. integrated schools which provide quality about is whether our kids nre getttng better Freeport Sulphur Company. education throughout the country­ education," General American Oil Company of Texas. North, South, East, and West. Congress Four hundred miles to the south, Dr. General Crude Oil Company. should revise the administration's emer­ Joseph Engholm, 68, Iowa-b'Jrn dentist and a Getty 011 Company (excludes Skelly Oil gency desegregation bill so that school lifelong RepUblican-who narrowly survived Company which Is reported separately). districts ,vill be helped to establish and a recall election intended to remove him Gulf 011 Corporation. maintain quality integrated schools with­ from the Pasadena school board-told a "isi­ Hunt 011 Company, et al. tor: Kerr-McGee Corporation. in their districts and integrated educa­ "When I ran for the board In 1965, I d£fi­ Kewanee 011 Company. tional parks which can draw students nltely felt there were other ways of inte­ Marathon 011 Company. from a number of school districts within grating-that changing housing patterns was Mobll Oil Corporation. a metropolitan area. In this way, we can the way to do it, without additional busing. Monsanto Company. demonstrate to each community not only "I was wrong. Murphy 011 COrporation. that quality integrated education works, "We just haven't learned to live together, Pennzoll United, Inc. but that it can be the best means of and there's only one way we're going to Phl1lips Petroleum Company. learn-by starting our children out together QUintana Petroleum Corporation. achieving equal educational opportunity Shell 011 Company. for all our school children, be they white, In preschool and kindergarten." Signal Oil and Gas Company. black, Spanish speaking, Indian, advan·· In a tiny, overheated office at the Evanston, Skelly 011 Company. taged, or disadvantaged. Ill., Human Relations Commission, Ben Wil­ Southern Natural Gas Company. Mr. President, one of the most thought­ liams, its 34-year-old, Afro-wearing secretary, Standard 011 Company of California. spoke out: ful, thorough and comprehensive reports "Integration means nothing to me-I see Standard 011 Company (Indiana). on the efforts of Northern and Western Standard 011 Company (New Jersey). no model for it. Blacks want to talk about The Standard 011 Company (Ohio). school systems to achieve quality inte­ blackness, and integration implies a kind of Sun 011 Company. grated education was recently contained grayness. Sunray DX 011 Company. in the Minneapolis Tribune in a series ""Ve do!~'t talk about integration now-we The Superior 011 Company. of seven articles by Richard P. Kleeman. just talk about being educated. I don't care Tenneco, Inc. Mr. Kleeman visited 10 school systems who my kid sits next to In school-I just Texaco, Inc. in six States: Pasadena, Berkeley, and want to know, Is he getting the tools that Texas Eastern TransIilisslon Corporation.. Riverside, Calif.; South Holland and will allow him to ncgotiate his way in this Texas Pacific 011 Company, Inc. Evanston, Ill.; Ferndale and Pontiac, society?" Union Oil Company of Callfornia. These are some of the voices a reporter Mich.; Union Township, N.J.; Denver, hears as he crosses the country looking into Colo.; and Gary, Ind. These 10 commu­ the vexing problem of racial Imbalance and nities have not all yet succeeded in their isolation in schools outside the desegregating INTEGRATED EDUCATION-NORTH efforts to achieve quality integrated ed­ South. There is yet another kind of voice: AND WEST SCHOOL SYSTEMS ucation. But those that have, such as "I believe firmly that forced racial balance Mr. MONDALE. Mr. President, efforts Evanston, Berkeley, and Riverside, have Is Immoral, that it won't work and that it Is on the part of local school districts been successful because, as an editorial at heart a racist philosophy to assume that a throughout the country to establish qUal­ in the Minneapolis Tribune following Mr. black school must be bad becase it's black." ity integrated schools have produced Kleeman's series points out, "Leadership Henry Marcheschl, the self-made Indus­ many notable success stories. All too of­ is the key to progress." I would only add trialist who led the effort to unseat the pro. to that observation, by quoting from two integration majority on the Pasadena school ten, however, pUblicity is given to those board, went on: which are sometimes fueled with emo­ California citizens mentioned in Mr. "The real need-and the only answer-is tionalism and articulated through the Kleeman's articles: to address ourselves not to cultural defi­ use of code words like "busing" and Mrs. Louise Parker, a school bus driver ciencles but to cultural differences, to find an "neighborhood schools," rather than to in Berkeley: education that's relevant to them and capi­ the progress toward quality integrated The kids? They do fil1e on the bus. They talizes on them-and to get the minority education that has been made in many play and have fun. It's just the adults that more involved In educating their own chil­ areas. don't like it--I think it's the idea of scme­ dren." President Nixon has proposed that the thing new. But what we really should worry 'Thus a growing national dilemma becomes about is whether our kids are getting a bet­ a bit more sharply defined: Once we have Federal Government spend $1.5 billion ter education. done away with the South's separate-by-law over the next 2 years primarily to aid (de jure) black and white schools, how are school districts which are compelled un­ And Dr. Joseph Engholm, a member of we to deal with the separate-by-nelghbor­ der title VI of the Civil Rights Act of the Pasadena School Board: hood (de facto) clegregated schools of the 1964 or under court order to desegregate We just haven't learned to llve together, North and West? their school districts. I believe it is im­ and there's only one way we're going to It's a question haunting Seattle and Har­ portant to assist the desegregation proc­ learn-by starting our children out together risburg and Gary and, of course Minneapolis ess. I also believe, however, that if the In pre-school and kindergarten. and St. Paul. It seems to be one that stumps Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent New York and Chicago and Los Angeles and Washington, D.C. atlillated even though some or all the indi­ that a series of seven articles entitled vidual or corporate taxpayers in that group "Schools and Race: Dilemma Outside "Why do you call it de facto segregation? file separate federal Income tax returns. Some Dixie," pUblished in the Minneapolis What makes you think there is such a participants that are not generally referred thing?" a one-time Chicago federal prosecu­ Tribune from October 25 through 31, tor asked. to as integrated 011 companies reported in­ 1970, and an editorial entitled "The Fu­ formation only for their oil and gas opera­ SOME CLAIl\I ALL SEGREGATION IS DE JURE tions. ture for Integrate~Education," published in the Minneapolis Tribune of Novem­ True, a federal civil rights official in Wash­ 2 Participants were instructed to report ington-a holdover from the previous ad­ regular income tax ($710,34l,OOO deducted ber 3, 1970, be printed in the RECORD. from Items of tax preference) based upon There being no objection, the items ministration--calls de facto segregation "sheer myth-Wherever it exists It can be the 1968 U.S. tax for all foreign and domestic were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, operations, recalculated under Tax Reform as follows: traced to some oIDcial aetion at some time Act changes, including: Section 901 (e), the in the past," use of a 48% rate for ordinary income and SOME SCHOOLS MOVE, OTHERS DIG IN But his official boss, Secretary Elllot Rich­ a 30% rate for -Capital gaIns, without reduc­ (By Richard P. Kleeman) ardson of the Department of Health, Educa­ tion for Investment Tax Credit, without sur­ She waited until the last of the 30 young­ tion and Welfare (HEW), does not hold to charge, and without any net operating loss sters, most of them white, had been safely that view. Nor, more significantly, does Pres­ deduction. deposited on theIr home corners. ident Nixon. 39286 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE December 1, 19rO In his landmark March 24 statement on In ordering the Pasadena school board to youngsters was in a 99 percent (or more) school desegregation, the President said: desegregate, just a few weeks before the black school.