CCS Grant Report This report was submitted in fulfilment of a research grant received from the Centre for Civil Society, University of KwaZulu Natal. The Centre for Civil Society Grant Programme was established in 2002 to support research on Civil Society issues in South Africa. It is funded by the Atlantic Philanthropies. CCS Grant Reports are distinct from CCS Research Reports in that Research reports have gone through a peer review process. Grant reports simply make available the report as provided by the author. In effect they are working papers, and comments can be sent directly to the author. For more information on CCS please visit http://www.ukzn.ac.za/ccs/ Also see: Pickover, Michelle (2005) Animal Rights in South Africa, published by Double Storey 1 THE ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA: AN ANALYSIS OF ANIMAL-BASED ISSUES, CAMPAIGNS AND ORGANISATIONS GRANT REPORT BY MICHELE PICKOVER FOR THE CENTRE FOR CIVIL SOCIETY AUGUST 2003 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 1......................................................................................................................................................................................8 PURVEYORS, PARTAKERS AND PAWNS: FARMING ANIMALS FOR FOOD ..............................................................8 NOT QUITE REVOLUTIONARY ENOUGH ........................................................................................................................................9 ANIMAL WELFARE: A CONTRADICTION IN TERMS........................................................................................................................9 THE GOVERNMENT POSITION .......................................................................................................................................................9 ORGANISATIONAL PROFILES .......................................................................................................................................................10 Animal Voice/Compassion in World Farming, South Africa (CIWF-SA).................................................................................... 10 International Fund for Animal Welfare (SA) .................................................................................................................................... 10 Diversity, Nature and Animals ........................................................................................................................................................... 11 TELLING US WHAT TO EAT: AGRIBUSINESS = ANIMAL SUFFERING .........................................................................................11 Cattle...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Chickens................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 THE DISASSEMBLY LINE ..............................................................................................................................................................12 INFORMAL SLAUGHTER................................................................................................................................................................12 DEAD ANIMALS AS FAST FOOD ...................................................................................................................................................12 AN INJURY TO ONE IS AN INJURY TO ALL ...................................................................................................................................13 GLOBAL HUNGER AND THE HUMAN COST OF MEAT AS FOOD..................................................................................................13 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................................................................14 CHAPTER 2....................................................................................................................................................................................15 MASTERS, MONEY AND MYOPIA: SOUTH AFRICA AND THE GLOBAL TRADE IN WILD LIFE ..........................15 THE GLOBAL CONTEXT................................................................................................................................................................15 THE SOUTH AFRICAN FRAMEWORK............................................................................................................................................15 CITES and South Africa...................................................................................................................................................................... 16 FARMING WILD ANIMALS .............................................................................................................................................................16 LIVE AUCTIONS AND SALES.........................................................................................................................................................17 TRADE IN ELEPHANTS..................................................................................................................................................................17 SOUTH AFRICAN WILD LIFE TRADERS........................................................................................................................................17 THE ILLEGAL TRADE IN WILD ANIMALS.......................................................................................................................................17 ZOOS ............................................................................................................................................................................................18 CIRCUSES.....................................................................................................................................................................................19 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................................................................19 CHAPTER 3....................................................................................................................................................................................21 ENTREPRENEURS IN DEATH: KILLING AS SPORT IN SOUTH AFRICA.....................................................................21 HUNTING AS ‘SUSTAINABLE USE’................................................................................................................................................21 THE ETHICS OF HUNTING ............................................................................................................................................................22 ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS ........................................................................................................................................................22 DOMINATION, VIOLENCE AND THE GUN LOBBY ..........................................................................................................................22 SELF REGULATION AND GOVERNMENT COMPLICITY.................................................................................................................23 ‘CANNED’ PREDATOR HUNTING ..................................................................................................................................................24 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................................................................24 CHAPTER 4....................................................................................................................................................................................26 CLOSED DOORS, CLOAKS AND DAGGERS: VIVISECTION IN SOUTH AFRICA......................................................26 KEY SAAV CAMPAIGNS ..............................................................................................................................................................26 VIVISECTION LABORATORIES ......................................................................................................................................................27 Primate Breeding at the Medical Research Council and the University of Cape Town.......................................................... 27 The University of the Witwatersrand ................................................................................................................................................ 27 Roodeplat Research Laboratory ....................................................................................................................................................... 27 Centre Africain Primate Experimentale............................................................................................................................................ 28 THE GOVERNMENT POSITION 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