C254 Archaeology West - Site Code XRX 10 Tottenham Court Road Station, Watching Brief Archaeological Fieldwork Report C254-OXF-T1-RGN-CRG03-50274 - rev 2.0 C O N T E N T S Page SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................ 4 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 SCOPE OF WORK ....................................................................................................................................... 5 2. PLANNING BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................................... 6 3. LOCATION TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY ....................................................................................... 6 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND .................................................................................................... 7 4.1 DETAILED BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 7 4.2 PREVIOUS CROSSRAIL WORKS ............................................................................................................... 16 4.3 MAP REGRESSION .................................................................................................................................. 18 4.4 CONCLUSIONS OF THE DESK TOP STUDY ................................................................................................ 19 5. RESEARCH AIMS AND OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................. 19 6. INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGIES ................................................................................................. 20 6.1 WATCHING BRIEF METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 20 6.2 TECHNIQUES FOR WATCHING BRIEF WORK ........................................................................................... 21 6.3 RECORDING STANDARDS ........................................................................................................................ 22 6.4 SURVEY AND SPATIAL DATA METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................... 23 7. RESULTS ..................................................................................................................................................... 24 7.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 24 7.2 UTILITY DIVERSIONS .............................................................................................................................. 24 7.3 GROUT SHAFTS ...................................................................................................................................... 35 7.4 DEMOLITION AND GROUND REDUCTION WORKS ................................................................................... 49 8. ARTEFACTUAL / FINDS RESULTS....................................................................................................... 52 8.1 POTTERY ................................................................................................................................................ 52 8.2 CBM (CERAMIC BUILDING MATERIAL) ................................................................................................. 54 8.3 CLAY TOBACCO PIPES ............................................................................................................................ 57 8.4 SMALL FINDS (NON-METAL) ................................................................................................................... 58 8.5 SHELLS ................................................................................................................................................... 58 8.6 METAL OBJECTS .................................................................................................................................... 58 2 This document contains proprietary information. No part of this document may be reproduced without prior written consent from the chief executive of Crossrail Ltd. Document uncontrolled once printed. All controlled documents are saved on the CRL Document System © Crossrail Limited CRL RESTRICTED DT Decal Template: CRL1-XRL-Z-ZTM-CR001-50038 Rev 2.0 C254 Archaeology West - Site Code XRX 10 Tottenham Court Road Station, Watching Brief Archaeological Fieldwork Report C254-OXF-T1-RGN-CRG03-50274 - rev 2.0 8.7 GLASS .................................................................................................................................................... 59 8.8 FLINT ..................................................................................................................................................... 60 8.9 SLAG ...................................................................................................................................................... 60 8.10 ENVIRONMENTAL ................................................................................................................................... 60 9. STRATIGRAPHIC RESULTS: OVERVIEW ......................................................................................... 61 9.1 PHASING ................................................................................................................................................. 61 10. CONSTRAINTS ...................................................................................................................................... 64 11. RESULTS IN RELATION TO INVESTIGATION AIMS .................................................................. 64 12. ASSESSMENT AND THE POTENTIAL OF THE RESULTS .......................................................... 67 12.1 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA .......................................................................................................................... 67 12.2 PERIOD ................................................................................................................................................... 67 12.3 RELATIVE COMPLETENESS ..................................................................................................................... 68 12.4 CONDITION ............................................................................................................................................. 68 12.5 RARITY ................................................................................................................................................... 68 12.6 GROUP VALUE ....................................................................................................................................... 68 12.7 STRATIGRAPHIC DATA ........................................................................................................................... 68 12.8 DOCUMENTARY STUDY .......................................................................................................................... 69 12.9 FINDS DATA ........................................................................................................................................... 69 12.10 PRIMARY POTENTIAL ......................................................................................................................... 69 13. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................. 69 14. PUBLICATION AND DISSEMINATION ............................................................................................ 70 15. ARCHIVE DEPOSITION ...................................................................................................................... 70 16. BIBLIOGRAPHY.................................................................................................................................... 71 APPENDIX 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT INVENTORY ................................................................. 73 APPENDIX 2 SUMMARY OF SITE DETAILS .............................................................................................. 83 APPENDIX 3: FINDS TABLES ........................................................................................................................ 84 POTTERY ............................................................................................................................................................ 84 CBM .................................................................................................................................................................. 89 Figure 1: Site location and previous investigations Figure 2: Location of Utility Works around the Tottenham Court Road Station (Western Ticket Hall) Figure 3: Location of Grout Shaft Works around the Tottenham Court Road Station (Western Ticket Hall) 3 This document contains proprietary information. No part of this document may be reproduced without prior written consent from the chief executive of Crossrail Ltd. Document uncontrolled once printed. All controlled documents are saved on the CRL Document System © Crossrail Limited CRL RESTRICTED DT Decal Template: CRL1-XRL-Z-ZTM-CR001-50038 Rev 2.0 C254 Archaeology West - Site Code XRX 10 Tottenham Court Road Station, Watching Brief