United Nations Development Programme PART I: 2016 YEAR IN REVIEW – POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMATIVE CHANGE A Empowered lives. Resilient nations. GLOBAL PROGRAMME ON STRENGTHENING THE RULE OF LAW ANNUAL REPORT AND HUMAN RIGHTS 2016 2016 FOR SUSTAINING PEACE AND FOSTERING DEVELOPMENT B 2016 GLOBAL PROGRAMME ANNUAL REPORT » A “Tango for Peace” event celebrating the signing of the Colombian peace agreement. © UNDP Colombia / Freya Morales PART I: 2016 YEAR IN REVIEW – POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMATIVE CHANGE 1 THE RULE OF LAW CREATES THE FOUNDATION FOR SUSTAINING PEACE AS AN IMPERATIVE FOR PEACE AND SECURITY, DEVELOPMENT, AND HUMAN RIGHTS. 2 GLOBAL PROGRAMME ON STRENGTHENING THE RULE OF LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS FOR SUSTAINING PEACE AND FOSTERING DEVELOPMENT 2016 KEY RESULTS IN FOCUS UNDP provides strategic rule of THE GLOBAL law and human rights assistance FOCAL POINT to support national partners - Co-led by UNDP and DPKO - Delivers system–wide rule build resilient communities in of law support in nearly nearly 40 crisis-affected contexts 20 different settings around the world. COLOMBIA SOUTH SUDAN The government and the The government undertook FARC ratified a victim – their first UPR to enhance the centered Peace Agreement protection and promotion of POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT after 60 years of conflict. human rights. Leverage Political Backing Foster Conflict-Sensitivity Mobilize Resources MALI MYANMAR 11 courts were rehabilitated, 12 community forums were successfully disposing of held to discuss local justice 1,455 cases throughout and human rights issues and the year. provide a space for dialogue INSTITUTION BUILDING between stakeholders. Increase Technical Capacity Strengthen Legal Frameworks Foster Confidence in the State EL SALVADOR PAKISTAN The national security plan 1,303 police officers, judges, “El Salvador Seguro" was court staff, and prosecutors implemented in 26 prioritized completed trainings on municipalities, contributing to community policing, COMMUNITY SECURITY the reduction of the homicide contributing to the reduction Reduce Armed Violence rate by 20 points. of the crime ratio by 8%. Enhance Police Services Create Safe Environments SIERRA LEONE UKRAINE The Human Rights Commission The Ombudspersons Office of Sierra Leone carried out expanded to all 24 regions and inspections of 36 detention provided 4,000 consultations, facilities leading to the release monitored 716 court trials, HUMAN RIGHTS of 6 inmates who were and conducted 273 visits to Promote and Protect Human Rights unlawfully detained. detention centers Establish Oversight Mechanisms Bridge Accountability Gaps KYRGZ REPUBLIC TIMOR-LESTE Mobile courts served 807 The Ministry of Justice’s people, disposing of 3 civil “Solidarity Bus” visited cases and 324 criminal cases, ACCESS TO JUSTICE 173 village municipalities, including 198 cases related to providing free legal Empower Marginalized Groups gender-based violence. Raise Legal Awareness consultations to 3,386 people. Expand Legal Assistance BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA TUNISIA The Witness Support The first 4 public hearings of Network aided 890 victims the Tunisia Truth and Dignity and witnesses in 1,788 Commission were held, criminal cases. enabling 25 victims to testify. TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE Provide Truth and Redress Elevate the Voice of Victims Promote National Reconciliation AFGHANISTAN STATE OF PALESTINE The government established The government adopted an Elimination of Violence the Palestinian Civil Police Against Women Court, which Gender Strategy, which is GENDER JUSTICE handled over 174 cases and the first in the Arab region. Provide Truth and Redress reached a verdict in 62% of the cases. Elevate the Voice of Victims Promote National Reconciliation 4 2016 GLOBAL PROGRAMME ANNUAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I: 2016 YEAR IN REVIEW 12 FOREWORD 06 INTRODUCTION 08 POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMATIVE KEY RESULTS CHANGE IN FOCUS 14 22 5 PART II: COUNTRY PROFILES 52 PART III: FINANCIAL INFORMATION ANNEX 124 136 6 2016 GLOBAL PROGRAMME ANNUAL REPORT FOREWORD STABILITY IN DIVERSITY 2016 proved to be a challenging year in many regards, as the world witnessed worrying trends toward the closing of civic space, a rise of fear-based politics, and the increasing discriminatory acts against marginalized groups. PART I: 2016 YEAR IN REVIEW – POLICIES FOR TRANSFORMATIVE CHANGE 7 The international community struggled to UNDP’s Global Programme on the rule of law adequately respond to the mass displacement emphasizes human rights and prevention at of communities from the Middle East and North its core. Furthermore, the Global Programme Africa, the escalation of conflict, and violations recognizes that our engagements must be of human rights in countries such as South politically smart and technically sound. Sudan and Syria, amongst others. Without the foundation of human rights, the However, amid these challenging times, ‘rule of law’ can quickly be coopted into a we have also witnessed how powerful ‘rule by law’ society, where some individuals movements for peace can be when they stand hold the power to employ the law to meet together. In Colombia, the government and their own agendas. And, without a politically- the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia enabling environment, peace and development agreed on a historic, victim-centered Peace initiatives struggle to effect lasting change. It Agreement. Meanwhile, UN Member States is now acknowledged that the international unanimously adopted the New York Declaration community will not succeed in solving for Refugees and Migrants. If anything, 2016 problems that are inherently political with reminded us that strength can be found in purely technical solutions. diversity. Science suggests that the diversity To fulfill the implementation of the UN of organisms in an ecosystem is positively Charter, we must continue to challenge correlated with stability. I believe this to also ourselves to do better: better leverage the be true within communities, where diversity of tools at our disposal; better coordinate with opinion enhances our prospects for sustainable and listen to each other. UNDP’s Global change. In crisis-affected states, fostering Programme on Strengthening the Rule of Law respect for diversity is particularly important to and Human Rights for Sustaining Peace and prevent the outbreak of, or relapse into, conflict. Fostering Development has been a model in And respect for the rule of law is critical to this endeavor. UNDP will continue to support fight intolerance through the protection and an integrated UN agenda, by drawing on the promotion of universal human rights. diversity of expertise and experience throughout UNDP is fortunate to be a part of the UN rule the UN system. Together, we can foster and of law community, which firmly approaches enrich UN rule of law and human rights support rule of law assistance as part of the broader to Member States – creating the foundation sustaining peace agenda and has led the charge for peaceful, just, and inclusive societies – and for joint UN programming through the Global contributing to the realization of the entire 2030 Focal Point for Police, Justice, and Corrections. Agenda for Sustainable Development. It is vital that we continue to work together to ensure that everything we do contributes to sustainable development within peaceful, just, and inclusive societies. Without an articulated and coherent vision, our engagements risk imposing unintended consequences that may Tegegnework Gettu inhibit peace, rather than cultivate it. UNDP ADMINISTRATOR A.I. 8 2016 GLOBAL PROGRAMME ANNUAL REPORT INTRODUCTION STRATEGIC RULE OF LAW SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINING PEACE The support of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to the rule of law moves beyond traditional development approaches to strategically address the drivers of violent conflict and build resilient communities. Cohesive societies are a precursor for escalate underlying tensions into full-fledged sustainable development; people cannot realize conflict. Informed by political and conflict their full potential nor actively contribute analysis, UNDP invests time in developing to their community without basic safety context-specific and responsive programmes and security. To this end, UNDP’s Global that meet citizen expectations and bring about Programme on Strengthening the Rule of transformational change. We proactively Law and Human Rights for Sustaining Peace ensure that our programmes are tailored to and Fostering Development (2016 – 2020)1 address key challenges, involve the relevant is designed to increase justice, security, and partners, and are effectively implemented. respect for human rights in contexts affected Utilizing a rights-based development approach, or threatened by crisis, conflict, and fragility. UNDP supports Member States to foster a Over the course of many years working rule of law culture in which people experience in complex contexts, we have learned that greater peace and security and can exercise the cycles of violence, poverty, corruption, their rights, advance their livelihoods, and and impunity can rarely be escaped without protect those of future generations. programmes that are designed to mitigate We build on long-standing partnerships with the root causes of these issues. When legal international, national, and local actors to create institutions mandated to guarantee basic rights an enabling environment for sustainable peace are politicized, or dominated by elites, and fail and development to take root. The Global Focal to provide transparent, accountable,