The HAPEM6 User’s Guide Hazardous Air Pollutant Exposure Model, Version 6 January 2007 Prepared for: Ted Palma Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards US Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Prepared by: Arlene Rosenbaum ICF International 4464 Hillview Way Rohnert Park, CA 94111 (707) 586-2822 and Michael Huang ICF International 9300 Lee Highway Fairfax, VA 22031 (703) 934-3982 This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents Contents New Features in HAPEM6............................................................................................ iv 1. Introduction...................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1. Organization of the User’s Guide .......................................................................1-1 1.2. Background ........................................................................................................1-2 1.2.1. Population Data...........................................................................................1-2 1.2.2. Activity Data ................................................................................................1-2 1.2.3. Air Quality Data...........................................................................................1-4 1.2.4. Microenvironmental Data ............................................................................1-5 1.2.5. Stochastic Elements....................................................................................1-5 1.3. Strengths and Limitations of HAPEM6 ...............................................................1-8 1.3.1. Strengths.....................................................................................................1-8 1.3.2. Limitations...................................................................................................1-8 1.4. Applicability ........................................................................................................1-9 1.5. Brief History of the Hazardous Air Pollutant Exposure Model ..........................1-10 2. Getting Started—An Overview of HAPEM6 ................................................... 2-1 2.1. Model Structure ..................................................................................................2-1 2.1.1. Parameter Files...........................................................................................2-2 2.1.2. DURAV and the Activity and Cluster Files ................................................2-11 2.1.3. INDEXPOP and the Population File, DistToRoad File, CommutTime File, and CommutFrac File................................................................................2-12 2.1.4. COMMUTE and the Commuting File, DistToRoad File, CommutTime File, and CommutFrac File................................................................................2-13 2.1.5. AIRQUAL and the Air Quality File, and DistToRoad File ..........................2-14 2.1.6. HAPEM, the Microenvironmental Factors and Mobiles Files, and the Activity ClusTrans File...........................................................................................2-14 2.1.7. Statefip File ...............................................................................................2-16 2.1.8. Background Concentration........................................................................2-17 2.1.9. Exposure Output Files...............................................................................2-17 2.2. Changing the Parameter Settings ....................................................................2-18 2.2.1. Changing the Number of Microenvironments............................................2-18 2.2.2. Changing the Number And/or Definitions of the Demographic Groups ....2-18 2.2.3. Changing the Number And/or Definitions of Day Types ...........................2-19 2.2.4. Changing the Number And/or Definitions of Time Blocks .........................2-19 2.3. Setting Up a HAPEM6 Run ..............................................................................2-20 2.3.1. Running HAPEM6 as a “Batch” Job..........................................................2-21 2.3.2. Running HAPEM6 Programs Individually..................................................2-22 3. HAPEM6 Input Files....................................................................................... 3-23 3.1. Parameter Files ................................................................................................3-24 3.1.1. Specifying the Location and Names of Input and Output Files .................3-25 3.1.2. Identifying the Uniform Component of the Background Concentration.....3-25 3.1.3. Setting the Internal Parameters ................................................................3-26 3.2. Activity File .......................................................................................................3-27 3.2.1. Variables and Format of the Default File...................................................3-27 3.2.2. Replacing or Modifying the Default File ....................................................3-30 ICF International i HAPEM6 User’s Guide January 2007 Table of Contents 3.3. Cluster File .......................................................................................................3-31 3.3.1. Variables and Format of the Default File...................................................3-31 3.3.2. Replacing or Modifying the Default File ....................................................3-32 3.4. Population File..................................................................................................3-34 3.4.1. Variables and Format of the Default File...................................................3-34 3.4.2. Replacing or Modifying the Default File ....................................................3-34 3.5. Commuting Time File .......................................................................................3-36 3.6. Commuting Fraction File ..................................................................................3-38 3.7. Distance to Road File .......................................................................................3-40 3.8. Commuting Flow File........................................................................................3-42 3.9. Air Quality File ..................................................................................................3-43 3.10. Microenvironmental Factors Files.....................................................................3-45 3.11. ClusTrans File ..................................................................................................3-54 3.12. Statefip File ......................................................................................................3-55 4. HAPEM6 Output Files...................................................................................... 4-1 4.1. Log File...............................................................................................................4-1 4.1.1. DURAV Output to the Log File....................................................................4-2 4.1.2. INDEXPOP Output to the Log File..............................................................4-3 4.1.3. COMMUTE Output to the Log File..............................................................4-3 4.1.4. AIRQUAL Output to the Log File.................................................................4-3 4.1.5. HAPEM Output to the Log File....................................................................4-3 4.2. Counter File........................................................................................................4-4 4.3. Mistract File ........................................................................................................4-5 4.4. Final Exposure File.............................................................................................4-6 4.4.1. File Format..................................................................................................4-6 5. HAPEM6 Programs.......................................................................................... 5-1 5.1. Programming Guidelines Used to Develop HAPEM6.........................................5-1 5.1.1. Common Structural Elements .....................................................................5-2 5.2. Program Descriptions.........................................................................................5-2 5.2.1. DURAV........................................................................................................5-3 5.2.2. INDEXPOP..................................................................................................5-5 5.2.3. COMMUTE..................................................................................................5-6 5.2.4. AIRQUAL ....................................................................................................5-8 5.2.5. HAPEM .....................................................................................................5-10 6. References ....................................................................................................... 6-1 Appendix A: Development of Algorithm for Creating Longitudinal Activity Patterns with Cluster Analysis................................................................................. A-1 Appendix B: Estimating near roadway populations and areas for HAPEM6 ....... B-1 ICF International ii HAPEM6 User’s Guide January 2007 Table of Contents