Journal of the Australian Naval Institute Summer 2005 AUSTRALIAN NAVAL INSTITUTE The Australian Naval Institute was formed as a self-supporting and non-profit making organisation; incorporated in the Australian Capital Territory in 1975. The main objectives of the Institute are: • to encourage and promote the advancement of knowledge related to the Navy and the maritime profession; and • to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas concerning subjects related to the Navy and the maritime profession. Membership subscription rates are located on the inside back cover of the Journal. Further information can be obtained from the Business Manager, Australian Naval Institute, PO Box 29, Red Hill ACT 2603, ph +61 2 62950056, fax +61 2 62953367, email: a n i(S),bigpond,com. or via the website at www.navalinstitute.com.au. Sponsors The Australian Naval Institute is grateful for the continued support of: Raytheon Australia, LOPAC, SAAB Systems Australia, Australian Defence Credit Union, Thales Underwater Systems, P&O Maritime Services, and Jacobs Sverdrup. Patron name the Editor must be advised either in person or in Chief of Navy VADM Chris Ritchie, AO RAN writing of the identity of the individual that wishes to use the pen name. The Editor will confirm in writing to the Council Members member seeking to use a pen name that the name has been President RADM Rowan Moffitt, AM RAN registered and can be used. More details are available on Vice President CAPT Gerry Christian, RAN the Institute's website. Secretary CMDR Lachlan Ring, RAN Style Guide. Articles and correspondence should be Treasurer LCDR Craig Opie, RAN submitted electronically in Microsoft Word, with limited Journal Editor Mr Andrew Forbes formaning. Relevant pictures or maps can be submitted Councillor LCDR Lisa Batchler. RAN electronically (if under 1 MB l. otherwise they should be Councillor CDRE James Goldrick. AM CSC RAN provided on CD. CDRE Peter Jones. DSC AM RAN Councillor Articles should ideally range in size from 3000-7000 Councillor CAPT Mark Sander. RAN words pages, bat mil i one page articles will be Councillor Dr David Stevens the occasional much larger piece of i pe sent to toe Editor in the first Public Officer LEU" Ne^l. RAN tooani fen submitted to the Sea publication as a Journal of the AmstrmSmm \wuli •gov.au). The Jotrmai of tor Atatndkvs Nonaf i tour times a yea: at me ead of J October. r :^>e> The Editorial Board seeks I or maritime issues. Articles concerning operations or administration polio are of particular interest but we will consider papers on any relevant topic. As much of the RAN's operational and administrative history is poorly recorded, the recollections of members (and others) on Book Reviews these topics are keenly sought. i. reeve a adfa.ec —» Views and opinions expressed in the Journal of the Australian Naval Institute are those of the authors and not Seapower Centre Research C necessarily those of the Institute, the Royal Australian In 2004 the ANI donated as Mfarary to Royal Australian Navy or the Australian Defence Organisation. Navy where it has been the Sea Power The ANI does not warrant, guarantee or make any Centre Research CoQection. numbers several representations as to the content of the information hundred books on naval strategy, and more contained within the Journal, and will not be liable in any general defence matters. .ANI continue to have way for any claims resulting from use or reliance on it. access to this unrivalled and selection of Articles and information in the Journal are the research material. The library i available for use copyright of the Australian Naval Institute, unless 0900-1630 each weekday, but please ring to confirm this, otherwise stated. All material in the Journal is protected particularly if visiting from outside Canberra. As this is a by Australian copyright law and by applicable law in other reference collection, it is not possible to borrow the books. jurisdictions. The Institute/Sea Power Centre-Australia will gladly Back copies of the Journal (where held) cost $5 for accept book donations on nava! and maritime matters members and $15 for non-members. The Institute will take (where they will either be added to the collection or traded back old copies of the Journal if members no longer wish for difficult to obtain books). to hold them. A CDROM of the Journal covering the The point of contact for access to die collection, or to period 1975-2003 is available for $99; see the inside back make arrangements for bookjoumal donations is Dr David cover for ordering information. Stevens on (02) 61276503, email Pen Names. If a member wishes to publish under a pen david. stevens3 (Sjdefence. gov. au. Journal of the Australian Naval Institute Number 115 CONTENTS 3 nee 4 • - ' : ,ult Operations in perspective ••• In— if Mark Bonser, A O CSC RAN 5 N \ PERSPECTIVES . njo from the sea and of the sea 's ie» maritime strategy/The challenge of improving maritime security Zara Raymond Adelaide meets the German blockade runner Ramses, November 1942 I Commander MacKenzie J Gregory, RAN (Rtd) 17 Celeste - January 2004 r John Vandyke, RAN 20 and control of maritime operations - the DJFHQ(M) and the tactical commanders 22 Peter Leschen, RAN and Lieutenant Commander Allison Norris, RAN NIRCISES Duqong 04 Bersama Lima 04 S*ift Eagle 04 25 WtRI\lPAC04 Operational Analysis Centre (MOAC) Paer HTiittington, RAN 31 relief - Cyclone Tracy and Tasman Bridge lent at sea - a significant force multiplier Anstralia needs a mine warfare capability ^ anon: Leyte Gulf 1944 • operations other than war 1901-2004 Centre-A ustral ia •K REVIEWS •Vho in Naval History: From 1550 to the present iMti •• 11 tf by Lieutenant Commander Glenn Kerr, RAN Good Enough? ^ 'by Commander David Hobbs, MBE RN tfz The Greatest Invasion - A People's History Iby Major Arnaud Ng k -mmmuiat the Australian Naval Institute is printed by: nalnacaonom Print 1/38 Kembla Street, Fyshwick, ACT 2609 •mm Cover: Crew from HMAS Hobart assisting with the clean up after Cyclone Tracy (RAN) ae& I oaer: HMAS Adelaide (RAN) Journal of the Australian Naval Institute Number 115 NOTICES Membership Renewals Members are invited to propose suitable A reminder that memberships are on a calendar nautical names for the Journal, which will be year basis and for those whose membership has considered by Council. Suggestions should be expired, you should have received a renewal submitted to the Journal Editor by the end of notice in November for payment by 1 January March 2005: andrew.forbes 1 (gjdefence.gov.au. 2005. Prompt payment is requested. CD Set of the Journal of the Australian Naval Postings Institute For those members in uniform who posted at the A reminder that members are able to purchase a end of 2004, remember to advise our Business scanned 2 CDROM set of the Journal from 1974- Manager of your new postal address. 2003 for $99. See the inside back cover for ordering information. Business Manager Australian Naval Institute PO Box 29 King-Hall Navy History Conference Red Hill ACT 2603 The Sea Power Centre-Australia will present the next King-Hall Navy History Conference in ph +61 2 6295 0056 fax+61 2 6295 3367 Canberra on 21-22 Jul 2005. More information email: a_n_i @bigpond.com will be provided in the next edition of the Journal. Annual General Meeting 2005 The 2005 Annual General Meeting will be held on Thursday 10 March 2005, commencing at 1230 at Russell Offices: R1-2-D008. Minor constitutional amendments will be proposed, allowing for an increase in the size of the Council from 10 to 15 members to manage the increased workload as we continue the revitalisation of the Institute. The 2005-10 Strategic Plan will also be considered. For those members who do not have access to Russell Offices, please contact CMDR Lachlan King on 62657313 prior to the day to arrange for a visitor pass and an escort to the,room. ANI 30 Anniversary The 30th Anniversary of the incorporation of the Australian Naval Institute falls on Friday 10 June 2005. Council has begun planning activities to mark the occasion and these will be advertised in the Autumn (April) edition of the Journal and on the website. Naming the Journal The Council is considering plans to radically reformat the Journal of the Australian Naval Institute for the 30th Anniversary and is considering introducing a 'name' for the Journal. Summer 2005 3 Number 115 Journal of the Australian Naval Institute CORRESPONDENCE Australia and Naval Aviation no. it went to tax cuts and baby bonuses with a (Commodore Alan Robertson, RAN (Rtd)) - There view to the election. Some part of the $7b would is an old joke out of New York about two have bought an awful lot of fixed wing naval husbands who meet in the street. One says 'How's aviation. your wife?' and the other replies 'Compared to One of the problems is that those who are who?' I was reminded of this joke when I read a opposed to it exaggerate the question of the cost recent paper titled Australia's Maritime Strategy of naval aviation. For instance, during and Air Power. NAP/TAWS, the Air Force asserted that HMAS This paper recounts the long and frustrating Melbourne cost $50m annually to run. In fact the history of the navy's attempts to get into, and highest cost in Melbourne's annal budget was $9m maintain, naval aviation as an organic arm. The for wages for the ship's company. There was general conclusion of the paper is that '...the another $2m for annual refits, stores, stationary, limited availability of funds has bedevilled Service harbour services (berths, tugs etc in Australia and planning since Federation.