Toronto Symphony Orchestra Sir Andrew Davis, Interim Artistic Director Wednesday, April 17, 2019 at 8:00pm Thursday, April 18, 2019 at 8:00pm Saturday, April 20, 2019 at 8:00pm Juanjo Mena, conductor Joélle Harvey, soprano Marie-Nicole Lemieux, contralto Amadeus Choir Elmer Iseler Singers Gustav Mahler Symphony No. 2 in C Minor “Resurrection” I. Allegro maestoso II. Andante moderato III. In ruhig fliessender Bewegung IV. Urlicht. Sehr feierlich, aber schlicht V. Im Tempo des Scherzos There will be no intermission during this performance. As a courtesy to musicians, guest artists, and fellow concertgoers, please put your phone away and on silent during the performance. APRIL 17, 18 & 20, 2019 15 ABOUT THE WORKS Gustav Mahler Symphony No. 2 in C Minor “Resurrection” Born: Kalischt, Austria, July 7, 1860 77 Died: Vienna, Austria, May 18, 1911 min Composed: 1887–1894 Gustav Mahler conducted the first complete was the second movement funeral march performance of Symphony No. 2 himself, in from Beethoven’s Symphony No. 3. But his Berlin on December 13, 1895. concept, brought to life through the resources of the enormous orchestra he has chosen, During the closing months of 1887 and the is far angrier. Still, he repeatedly leavens it beginning of 1888, Mahler had worked feverishly with moments of peaceful consolation. The on two compositions simultaneously: his overriding sense of tragic momentum, however, First Symphony; and Totenfeier, an orchestral carries right through to the conclusion. funeral march. He finished them both before the latter year was out. Three years later, he The first of the three intermezzi is a gentle played Totenfeier on the piano for the eminent country dance. Yet even this nostalgic reverie conductor and pianist Hans von Bülow. does not know total peace, interrupted as it Shattered by Bülow’s utter rejection of it, Mahler is by an anxious middle section. The three fell into a creative funk that lasted two years. remaining movements are played without pauses between them. The scherzo is dotted By the end of that period, he had decided with menacing intrusions and macabre to use Totenfeier as the opening movement touches of orchestration. Its flowing, sinuous of a new symphony, and to follow its furious main theme is also the basis of “Des Antonius drama and grieving with a series of lighter, von Padua Fischpredigt” (“Saint Anthony contrasting intermezzi. Working with materials of Padua Preaching to the Fishes”), one of not originally intended for this symphony— Mahler’s numerous song settings of texts from including his 1888 andante sketches and a collection of German folk tales called Des Urlicht (Primal Light), a song for voice and Knaben Wunderhorn (The Youth’s Magic Horn). piano—he completed the second, third, and He composed the song and the symphonic fourth movements during the summer of 1893. scherzo simultaneously. Hans von Bülow died in February 1894. At his The fourth movement is another Wunderhorn funeral service in March, Mahler heard a choir inspiration, this time retaining the words. sing poet Friedrich Klopstock’s Resurrection Voiced by the mezzo-soprano soloist, the Ode. He knew instantly he had found the simple, touching sentiments of Urlicht (Primal material he had been seeking. He eventually Light) prepare the way for the symphony’s added words of his own to bring the text more apocalyptic, virtually theatrical finale. The into line with his own views on the subject. first part of the concluding movement is The symphony’s opening movement is a emotionally uncertain, haunted by the minor revision of Totenfeier. Mahler’s model evocative echoes of off-stage horns and 16 TORONTO SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA whispered, fragmentary allusions to the Dies Only then does the chorus make its irae (Day of Wrath), the chilling theme of the Last entrance, softly, magically, with the hymn Judgment drawn from the medieval plainchant of resurrection—the heartening reply to all Mass for the Dead. A jubilant outburst sets the uncertainties which have plagued the the stage for a thunderous roll of drums and symphony from the beginning. From there on, a lengthy, almost frantic processional. In its with soprano and mezzo-soprano soloists aftermath, a demonic offstage band engages added, Mahler builds an ever more confident in dialogue with the orchestra. A peaceful hush wave of hopeful fervour, climaxing with the at last descends, its stillness broken only by exultant mass sounds of singers and orchestra, distant brass, a muffled drum roll and wistful, underpinned by the mighty swell of the organ onstage bird calls. and punctuated with the joyful clamour of bells. Program note by Don Anderson TEXTS AND TRANSLATIONS TEXT TRANSLATION FOURTH MOVEMENT FOURTH MOVEMENT URLICHT PRIMEVAL LIGHT O Röschen rot! O red rose! Der Mensch liegt in grösster Not! Man lies in deepest need! Der Mensch liegt in grösster Pein! Man lies in deepest pain! Je lieber möcht’ ich im Himmel sein! Yes, rather would I be in Heaven! Da kam ich auf einen breiten Weg: I came upon a broad pathway: Da kam ein Engelein und wollt’ An angel came and wanted to mich abweisen. send me away. Ach nein! Ich liess mich Ah no! I would not be nicht abweisen! sent away! Ich bin von Gott und will I am from God and will wieder zu Gott! return to God! Der liebe Gott wird mir ein The dear God will give Lichtchen geben, me a light, wird leuchten mir bis in das will light me to eternal ewig selig Leben! blessed life! APRIL 17, 18 & 20, 2019 17 TEXTS AND TRANSLATIONS FIFTH MOVEMENT FIFTH MOVEMENT Aufersteh’n, ja aufersteh’n wirst du, Rise again, yea, thou shalt rise again, mein Staub, nach kurzer Ruh! my dust, after short rest! Unsterblich Leben! Unsterblich Leben Immortal life! Immortal life wird der dich rief dir geben. he who called thee will grant thee. Wieder aufzublühn wirst du gesät! To bloom again art thou sown! Der Herr der Ernte geht The Lord of the Harvest goes und sammelt Garben and gathers in, like sheaves, uns ein, die starben! us who died. O glaube, mein Herz, O glaube: O believe, my heart, O believe es geht dir nichts verloren! nothing is lost with thee! Dein ist, was du gesehnt! Thine is what thou hast desired, Dein, was du geliebt, what thou hast lived for, was du gestritten! what thou hast fought for! O glaube, O believe, du wardst nicht umsonst geboren! thou wert not born in vain! Hast nicht umsonst gelebt, Hast not lived in vain, gelitten! suffered in vain! Was entstanden ist What has come into being das muss vergehen! must perish, Was vergangen, auferstehen! what perished must rise again. Hör’ auf zu beben! Cease from trembling! Bereite dich zu leben! Prepare thyself to live! O Schmerz! Du Alldurchdringer! O Pain, thou piercer of all things, Dir bin ich entrungen! from thee have I been wrested! O Tod! Du Allbezwinger! O Death, thou masterer of all things, Nun bist du bezwungen! now art thou mastered! Mit Flügeln, die ich mir errungen, With wings which I have won me, In heissem Liebesstreben, in love’s fierce striving, Werd’ ich entschweben I shall soar upwards zum Licht, zu dem kein Aug’ to the light to which no eye has gedrungen! soared. Sterben werd’ ich, um zu leben! I shall die, to live! Aufersteh’n, ja aufersteh’n Rise again, yea thou wilt rise again, wirst du, mein Herz, in einem Nu! my heart, in the twinkling of an eye! Was du geschlagen What thou hast fought for zu Gott wird es dich tragen! shall lead thee to God! 18 TORONTO SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA THE ARTISTS Juanjo Mena conductor Juanjo Mena made his TSO début in May 2014. One of Spain’s most distinguished international conductors, Juanjo Mena is Principal Conductor of the Cincinnati May Festival and Associate Conductor of the Spanish National Orchestra. He has been Chief Conductor of the BBC Philharmonic, Artistic Director of the Bilbao Symphony Orchestra, Chief Guest Conductor of the Orchestra del Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa, and Principal Guest Conductor of the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. He has worked with many prestigious orchestras such as the Berlin Philharmonic, London Philharmonic, Oslo Philharmonic, Danish National Symphony Orchestra, Orchestre National de France, and the Bavarian Radio Orchestra, as well as with all the major orchestras in Spain. He has conducted most of the leading orchestras in North America, including the Chicago, Boston, Baltimore, Cincinnati, Montreal, and Toronto Symphony Orchestras; the New York and Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestras; the Cleveland Orchestra; the National Symphony Orchestra, Washington; the Minnesota Orchestra; and the Philadelphia Orchestra. A guest of international festivals, he has appeared at the Stars of White Nights Festival in St. Petersburg, Russia, the Hollywood Bowl, Grant Park (Chicago), Tanglewood, and La Folle Journée (Nantes). He has led the BBC Philharmonic on tours of Europe and Asia, including performances in Cologne, Munich, Vienna, Madrid, Beijing and Seoul, and annual concerts at the BBC Proms in London. Highlights of Maestro Mena’s 2018/19 season include a tour of Spain with the London Philharmonic Orchestra; his débuts with the Tonhalle-Orchester Zürich, the Bamberger Symphoniker and the Konzerthausorchester Berlin; and return visits to the Boston Symphony Orchestra and the Minnesota Orchestra. Joélle Harvey soprano These performances mark Joélle Harvey’s TSO début. The works of Gustav Mahler figure substantially in Ms. Harvey’s 2018/19 season engagements. She returns to the Cleveland Orchestra as the soprano soloist in his Symphony No. 2, conducted by Franz Welser-Möst, and performs in Cleveland and on tour to several venues. With the San Diego Symphony, she will reunite with conductor Edo de Waart for Mahler’s Symphony No.