Fisheries and Oceans Pêches et Océans Canada Canada Corrected to Monthly Edition No. 02/2021 PAC 200 SECOND EDITION General Information Pacific Coast Sailing Directions Pictograph legend Anchorage Wharf Marina Current Caution Light Radio calling-in point Lifesaving station Pilotage Canadian Coast Guard Search and Rescue Pacific 1-800-567-5111 1-250-413-8933 or Cell #727 Environmental Emergencies Pacific 1-800-889-8852 1-604-666-6011 Boating Safety Infoline 1-604-666-2681 Pacific 1-800-267-6687 National Office Department of Fisheries and Oceans information line 1-613-993-0999 Cover photograph Offshore Fishery and Oceanographic Research Vessel CCGS John P. Tully Patricia Bay, North Saanich, B.C. Photo by: TRG Graphics, Brentwood Bay, B.C. B O O K L E T P A C 2 0 0 Corrected to Monthly Edition No. 02/2021 Sailing Directions General Information Pacific Coast Second Edition 2006 Fisheries and Oceans Canada Users of this publication are requested to forward information regarding newly discovered dangers, changes in aids to navigation, the existence of new shoals or channels, printing errors, or other information that would be useful for the correction of nautical charts and hydrographic publications affecting Canadian waters to: Director General Canadian Hydrographic Service Fisheries and Oceans Canada Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A 0E6 The Canadian Hydrographic Service produces and distributes Nautical Charts, Sailing Directions, Small Craft Guides, Canadian Tide and Current Tables and the Atlas of Tidal Currents of the navigable waters of Canada. These publications are available from authorized Canadian Hydrographic Service Chart Dealers. Visit the CHS web site for dealer location and related information at: www.charts.gc.ca You can also contact our distribution office: Hydrographic Chart Distribution Office Canadian Hydrographic Service Fisheries and Oceans Canada 200 Kent Street Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A 0E6 Phone: 613-998-4931 Toll free: 1-866-546-3613 Fax: 613-998-1217 E-mail: [email protected] © Minister of Fisheries and Oceans Canada 2006 Catalogue No. Fs 72-3/11-2006E ISBN 0-660-19656-5 Ottawa, 2006 II his is a corrected reprint of the 2006 edition of this booklet. As such, all Notices to Mariners up to and including the Monthly Edition shown in the table below have been incorporated Tin this reprint. This booklet should be kept up-to-date by applying corrections published in Section 4 of the monthly Canadian Notices to Mariners at: http://www.notmar.gc.ca. This booklet should not be used without reference to the pertinent corrections in Notices to Mariners. Record of corrections to this Sailing Directions booklet from monthly Notices to Mariners. CORRECTIONS o o o o o 02/2021 III Preface ____________________________________________________ VI Explanatory notes ____________________________________________ VII Abbreviations ________________________________________________ IX CHAPTER 1 General Information, Routes and Port Facilities Canada ____________________________________________________ 1-1 British Columbia ____________________________________________ 1-2 Transportation ______________________________________________ 1-3 Communications ____________________________________________ 1-5 Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) ____________________________________ 1-5 Border Crossing _____________________________________________ 1-8 Security __________________________________________________ 1-10 Regulations _______________________________________________ 1-12 Routes ___________________________________________________ 1-12 Pilotage __________________________________________________ 1-17 Port Facilities and Services ____________________________________ 1-20 CHAPTER 2 Navigational Hazards Seamounts _________________________________________________ 2-1 Hydrographic and Seismic Surveys _______________________________ 2-1 Firing Practice and Exercise Areas _______________________________ 2-2 Fishing Vessels ______________________________________________ 2-3 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE Aquaculture ________________________________________________ 2-6 Traffic _____________________________________________________ 2-6 Cables and Pipelines __________________________________________ 2-8 Bridges ____________________________________________________ 2-9 Magnetic Anomalies __________________________________________ 2-9 Natural Environment and Protected Areas ________________________ 2-10 Search and Rescue __________________________________________ 2-12 Cold Water Survival _________________________________________ 2-16 CHAPTER 3 Aids to Navigation, Radio and Electronic Positioning Aids to Navigation ___________________________________________ 3-1 Radio Aids to Navigation ______________________________________ 3-3 Radar _____________________________________________________ 3-7 Global Navigation Satellite Systems ______________________________ 3-8 CHAPTER 4 Nautical Publications CHS Publications ____________________________________________ 4-1 Nautical Charts _____________________________________________ 4-3 CCG and Other Publications ___________________________________ 4-9 CHAPTER 5 Natural Conditions Seabed ____________________________________________________ 5-1 Meteorology ________________________________________________ 5-2 West Vancouver Island ________________________________________ 5-5 Juan de Fuca Strait __________________________________________ 5-6 Strait of Georgia _____________________________________________ 5-7 Johnstone Strait Region _______________________________________ 5-9 Northern Shelf Region ________________________________________ 5-9 Deep Sea Region ____________________________________________ 5-10 Water Density ______________________________________________ 5-10 Ice ______________________________________________________ 5-11 Tide and Current Information _________________________________ 5-12 Tides ____________________________________________________ 5-12 IV Surface Currents ___________________________________________ 5-12 Tidal Currents _____________________________________________ 5-16 Non-tidal Currents __________________________________________ 5-17 Waves ____________________________________________________ 5-23 Tsunami __________________________________________________ 5-26 APPENDICES Sail Plan ___________________________________________________ A-1 Distance Tables ______________________________________________ A-3 Wind Tables ________________________________________________ A-7 Frequency of Fog ___________________________________________ A-11 Beaufort Scale of Wind Force __________________________________ A-12 Federal and Provincial Powers for Protecting Marine Areas ___________ A-13 Metric Conversion Table _____________________________________ A-14 DIAGRAMS Area of Application of Canada’s Oceans Strategy ____________________ 1-3 Main Shipping Routes to/from Alaska and Japan ___________________ 1-13 Main Shipping Routes – BC South Coast _________________________ 1-14 Main Shipping Routes – BC North Coast _________________________ 1-15 Pilot Boarding Stations _______________________________________ 1-18 Commercial Fishing Methods ___________________________________ 2-5 Typical Aquaculture Site Layouts ________________________________ 2-7 Kelp _____________________________________________________ 2-10 Life Expectancy in Water _____________________________________ 2-15 Survival in Cold Water _______________________________________ 2-16 Basic requirements for GPS signal generation _______________________ 3-9 Examples of Obstruction Errors ________________________________ 3-10 Relation between tidal surfaces, charting datums and physical features ___ 4-4 Source Classification Diagram __________________________________ 4-6 Sounding Methods ___________________________________________ 4-7 Five Easy Steps for Updating your Nautical Chart __________________ 4-10 Tidal Stream Information (TSI 1) _______________________________ 5-13 Tidal Stream Information (TSI 2) _______________________________ 5-14 Tidal Stream Information (TSI 3) _______________________________ 5-15 Stages of Tidal Streams _______________________________________ 5-16 Distribution of Surface Currents of the North Pacific Ocean ___________ 5-18 General Circulation (Winter) __________________________________ 5-19 General Circulation (Spring) __________________________________ 5-20 General Circulation (Summer) _________________________________ 5-21 General Circulation (Autumn) _________________________________ 5-22 Non-tidal Surface Currents ____________________________________ 5-23 Wave Statistics _____________________________________________ 5-24 Index ______________________________________________________ I-1 V he Second Edition of Sailing Directions, PAC 200 — General Information, Pacific Coast, 2006, has been fully updated from Canadian Government and other information sources. TIn general, all hydrographic terms used in this booklet are in accordance with the mean- ings given in the Hydrographic Dictionary (Special Publication No. 32), published by the International Hydrographic Bureau. General information for the British Columbia coast is given in this booklet. It contains navigational information and a brief description of the main port facilities as well as geographic, oceanographic and PREFACE atmospheric characteristics. Detailed descriptions of geographical areas are given in a series of booklets. Their limits are printed on the back cover. The appropriate descriptive booklet(s) of Sailing Directions should be consulted in conjunction