European Community Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora (92/43/EEC) Fourth Report by the United Kingdom under Article 17 on the implementation of the Directive from January 2013 to December 2018 Supporting documentation for the conservation status assessment for the species: S2492 ‐ Vendace (Coregonus albula) SCOTLAND IMPORTANT NOTE ‐ PLEASE READ • The information in this document is a country‐level contribution to the UK Reporton the conservation status of this species, submitted to the European Commission aspart of the 2019 UK Reporting under Article 17 of the EU Habitats Directive. • The 2019 Article 17 UK Approach document provides details on how this supporting information was used to produce the UK Report. • The UK Report on the conservation status of this species is provided in a separate doc‐ ument. • The reporting fields and options used are aligned to those set out in the European Com‐ mission guidance. • Explanatory notes (where provided) by the country are included at the end. These pro‐ vide an audit trail of relevant supporting information. • Some of the reporting fields have been left blank because either: (i) there was insuffi‐ cient information to complete the field; (ii) completion of the field was not obligatory; (iii) the field was not relevant to this species (section 12 Natura 2000 coverage forAnnex II species) and/or (iv) the field was only relevant at UK‐level (sections 9 Future prospects and 10 Conclusions). • For technical reasons, the country‐level future trends for Range, Population and Habitat for the species are only available in a separate spreadsheet that contains all the country‐ level supporting information. • The country‐level reporting information for all habitats and species is also available in spreadsheet format. Visit the JNCC website, https://jncc.gov.uk/article17, for further information on UK Article 17 reporting. 1 Report on the main results of the surveillance under Article 11 for Annex II, IV and V species (Annex B) NATIONAL LEVEL 1. General information 1.1 Member State UK (Scotland information only) 1.2 Species code 2492 1.3 Species scientific name Coregonus albula 1.4 Alternative species scientific name 1.5 Common name (in national language) Vendace 2. Maps 2.1 Sensitive species No 2.2 Year or period 2017- 2.3 Distribution map Yes 2.4 Distribution map Method used Complete survey or a statistically robust estimate 2.5 Additional maps No 3.repSubAnnexVSpecies Information related to Annex V Species (Art. 14) 3.1 Is the species taken in the No wild/exploited? 3.2 Which of the measures in Art. a) regulations regarding access to property No 14 have been taken? b) temporary or local prohibition of the taking of No specimens in the wild and exploitation c) regulation of the periods and/or methods of taking No specimens d) application of hunting and fishing rules which take No account of the conservation of such populations e) establishment of a system of licences for taking No specimens or of quotas f) regulation of the purchase, sale, offering for sale, No keeping for sale or transport for sale of specimens g) breeding in captivity of animal species as well as No artificial propagation of plant species h) other measures No 2 Report on the main results of the surveillance under Article 11 for Annex II, IV and V species (Annex B) 3.3 Hunting bag or quantity taken in a) Unit the wild for Mammals and Acipenseridae (Fish) b) Statistics/ Provide statistics/quantity per hunting season or per quantity taken year (where season is not used) over the reporting period Season/ Season/ Season/ Season/ Season/ Season/ year 1 year 2 year 3 year 4 year 5 year 6 Min. (raw, ie. not rounded) Max. (raw, ie. not rounded) Unknown No No No No No No 3.4. Hunting bag or quantity taken in the wild Method used 3.5. Additional information BIOGEOGRAPHICAL LEVEL 4. Biogeographical and marine regions 4.1 Biogeographical or marine region Atlantic (ATL) where the species occurs 4.2 Sources of information Adams CE, Lyle AA, Dodd JA, Bean CW, Winfield IJ, Gowans ARD, Stephen A & Maitland PS. 2014. Translocation as a conservation tool: case studies from rare freshwater fishes in Scotland. The Glasgow Naturalist 26: 17-24. Adams CE, Winfield IJ & Lyle AA 2016. Assessment of the Vendace refuge population of Loch Skeen 2016. Report to National Trust for Scotland and Scottish Natural Heritage. Adams CE & Lyle AA 2017. Assessing the status of vendace in Loch Valley and Daer Reservoir, 2017. Report to Scottish Natural Heritage. Coyle S & Adams CE 2011. Development of a methodology for the assessment of the quality of vendace spawning substrate and its application to sites in Scotland and northern England. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report 308. Davies, CE, Shelley, J, Harding, PT, Mclean, IFG, Gardiner, R & Peirson, G (Eds.) 2004. Freshwater Fishes in Britain: The species and their distribution. Colchester: Harley Books. Harrod C. 2011. Characterising the trophic ecology and habitat use of vendace using stable isotope analysis. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report 282. Lyle AA & Adams CE 2016. Assessing the presence of vendace in Dubh (Black) Loch, 2016. Report to Scottish Natural Heritage. Lyle AA & Adams CE 2017. Assessing the presence of vendace in Loch Earn, 2016. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No. 976. Lyle AA, Maitland PS & Winfield IJ 1996. Re-introduction of vendace: Phase II. Final Report. Report to Scottish Natural Heritage. RASD/073/96. Lyle AA, Maitland PS & Winfield IJ. 1998. Re-introduction of vendace: Phase II. Final Report. Scottish Natural Heritage Research & Monitoring Report 131, 3 Report on the main results of the surveillance under Article 11 for Annex II, IV and V species (Annex B) Battleby, Perth. Lyle AA, Maitland PS & Winfield IJ 2005. Translocation of vendace from Derwentwater to safe refuge locations. Report to English Nature. LA/C02620/1. Lyle AA, Maitland PS & Winfield IJ 2006. Translocation of vendace from Derwentwater to safe refuge locations (2005/6). Final Report. Report to Environment Agency, North West Region. LA/C02852/2. Lyle AA & Maitland PS 2011. Translocation of vendace from Derwentwater to refuge locations in Southwest Scotland (2007/8). Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report 283. Maitland, PS 1994. Fish. In: The Fresh Waters of Scotland: A National resource of International Significance. (eds. P.S. Maitland, P.J. Boon & D.S. McLusky),. pp.191- 208. Maitland, PS 2004 Keys to the Freshwater Fish of Britain and Ireland with notes on their distribution and ecology . Freshwater Biological Association , Scientific Publication No. 62, 245pp. Maitland PS 2007. Scotland's Freshwater Fish; Ecology Conservation and Folklore. Trafford: Victoria, BC. Maitland PS & Lyle, AA 1990. Practical conservation of British fishes: current action on six declining species. Journal of Fish Biology (Suppl. A) 1, 25-54. Maitland PS, Lyle AA & Winfield IJ 2003. Survey of vendace in Daer Reservoir and Loch Skene. Report by Fish Conservation Centre to English Nature. English Nature Contract No. EIT 34-01-006. Maitland PS, Lyle AA, Winfield IJ & Fletcher JF. 2011. Vendace in Loch Earn. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report 284. Maitland PS & Lyle AA. 2013. Ex situ and in situ approaches, including assisted reproduction, for the conservation of native species of charr (Salmonidae) and whitefish (Coregonidae) in Scotland. International Zoo Yearbook 47: 129-139. Winfield IJ, Fletcher JM & Lyle AA. 2011. Assessment of the vendace refuge population of Loch Skeen. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report 281. Winfield IJ, Adams CE, Bean CW, Durie NC, Fletcher JM, Gowans AR, Harrod C, James JB, Lyle AA, Maitland PS, Thompson C & Verspoor E. 2012. Conservation of the vendace (Coregonus albula), the U.K.'s rarest freshwater fish. Advances in Limnology 63: 547-559. Winfield IJ, Adams CE; Bean CW, Durie NC, Fletcher J M, Gowans ARD, Harrod C, James JB, Lyle AA, Maitland PS, Thompson C & Verspoor E. 2013. Positive steps for conservation of the vendace (Coregonus albula), the U.K.'s rarest freshwater fish. Newsletter of the Freshwater Fish Specialist Group 1: 14-15. Winfield IJ & Gowans ARD. 2014. U.K.'s rarest freshwater fish 'reappears'. Saving Freshwater Fishes and Habitats: Newsletter of the IUCN/WI Freshwater Fish Specialist Group 4: 16. Bean, CW 2003. A standardised survey and monitoring protocol for the assessment of whitefish, Coregonus albula (L.) and C. lavaretus (L.), populations in the UK. Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough 43pp. Bean, CW, Adams CE & Winfield IJ 2016. Vendace. In: Gaywood, M.J., Boon, P.J., Thompson, D.B.A. & Strachan, I.M. (eds). 2016. pp. 123-137. The Species Action Framework Handbook. Scottish Natural Heritage, Battleby, Perth Winfield IJ, Fletcher JM & Cragg-Hine D. 1994. Status of Rare Fish: A Literature Review of Freshwater Fish in the UK. National Rivers Authority R&D Report No. 18, 58pp. Winfield IJ, Adams CE & Fletcher JM 1996. Recent introductions of the ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus) to three United Kingdom lakes containing Coregonus species. Annales Zoologici Fennici 33, 459-466. Winfield IJ, Fletcher JM & Lyle AA. 2011. Assessment of the vendace refuge 4 Report on the main results of the surveillance under Article 11 for Annex II, IV and V species (Annex B) population of Loch Skeen. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report 281. Winfield IJ, Fletcher JM, James BJ, Duigan CA, Bean CW, & Durie NC 2007 Long- term case histories of ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus) introductions