CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK (yyi&axrn' UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Crater Lake [OREGON] National Park United States Department of the Interior Harold L. Ickes, Secretary NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Arno B. Cammerer, Director UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1937 RULES AND REGULATIONS DO YOU KNOW YOUR NATIONAL PARKS? • Briefed • ACADIA, MAINE.—Combination of MAMMOTH CAVE, KY.—Interest­ mountain and seacoast scenery. Estab­ ing caverns, including spectacular onyx lished 1919; 24.08 square miles. cave formation. Established for protec­ tion 1936; 38.34 square miles. THE PARK REGULATIONS are designed for the protection of the natural BRYCE CANYON, UTAH.—Canyons beauties and scenery as well as for the comfort and convenience of visitors. filled with exquisitely colored pinnacles. MESA VERDE, COLO.—Most notable Established 1928; 55.06 square miles. cliff dwellings in United States. Estab­ The following synopsis is for the general guidance of visitors, who are lished 1906; 80.21 square miles. requested to assist the administration by observing the rules. Full regula­ CARLSBAD CAVERNS, N. MEX — Beautifully decorated limestone caverns MOUNT McKINLEY, ALASKA.— tions may be seen at the office of the superintendent and ranger station. believed largest in the world. Estab­ Highest mountain in North America. lished 1930; 15.56 square miles. Established 1917; 3,030.46 square miles. Fires.—Light carefully and in designated places. Extinguish completely before leaving MOUNT RAINIER, WASH.—Largest camp, even for temporary absence. Do not guess your fire is out—know it. CRATER LAKE, OREG.—Astonish­ ingly beautiful lake in crater of extinct accessible single-peak glacier system. Camps.—Use designated campgrounds. Keep the campgrounds clean. Combustible volcano. Established 1902; 250.52 Third highest mountain in United States outside Alaska. Established 1899; rubbish shall be burned on camp fires, and all other garbage and refuse of all kinds shall square miles. 377.78 square miles. be placed in garbage cans or pits provided for the purpose. Dead or fallen wood may GENERAL GRANT, CALIF.—Cele­ be used for firewood. Camping is restricted to 30 days. brated General Grant Tree and grove PLAIT, OKLA.—Sulphur and other of Big Trees. Established 1890; 3.96 springs. Established 1902; 1.33 square Trash.—Do not throw paper, lunch refuse, kodak cartons, chewing-gum paper, or other square miles. miles. trash over the rim, on walks, trails, roads, or elsewhere. Carry until you can burn in ROCKY MOUNTAIN, COLO.—Peaks GLACIER, MONT.—Unsurpassed al­ camp or place in receptacle. from 11,000 to 14,255 feet in heart of pine scenery; 200 lakes; 60 glaciers. Rockies. Established 1915; 405.33 Established 1910; 1,533.88 square miles. Trees, Flowers, and Animals.—The destruction, injury, or disturbance in any way of square miles. the trees, flowers, birds, or animals is prohibited. GRAND CANYON, ARIZ.—World's SEQUOIA, CALIF.—General Sherman, greatest example of erosion. Estab­ Noises.—Be quiet in camp after others have gone to bed. Many people come here for largest and perhaps oldest tree in the lished 1919; 1,009.08 square miles. world; outstanding groves of Sequoia rest. GRAND TETON, WYO.—Most spec­ gigantea. Established 1890; 604 square Automobiles.—Careful driving is required at all times for protection of yourself and other tacular portion of Teton Mountains. miles. visitors. Your car must be equipped with good brakes, horn, and lights. Passing on Established 1929; 150 square miles. SHENANDOAH, VA.—Outstanding curves is prohibited. Obey traffic rules. A gasoline and oil station is maintained on GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS, N. C- scenic area in Virginia section of Blue the main highway at park headquarters. Gasoline and oil may also be secured at rim TENN.—Massive mountain uplift Ridge. Established 1935; 275.81 square miles. area. No other gasoline stations are available in the park. The fee for automobile per­ covered with magnificent forests. mit is SI. Established for protection 1930; ' 617 WIND CAVE, S. DAK.—Beautiful square miles. cavern of peculiar formations. No sta­ Dogs.—Dogs are prohibited in the park overnight and are not permitted in the rim lactites or stalagmites. Established HAWAII: ISLANDS OF HAWAII concentration area. When not in an automobile, dogs must be on a leash at all times. 1903; 18.47 square miles. AND MAUI.—Interesting volcanic Warning About Bears.—Do not feed the bears from the hand; they will not harm you areas, including Kilauea, famous for YELLOWSTONE: WYO.-MONT.- if not fed at close range. Bears will enter or break into automobiles if food that they frequent spectacular outbursts. Estab­ IDAHO.—World's greatest geyser area, can smell is left inside. They will also rob your camp of unprotected food supplies. lished 1916; 245 square miles. and an outstanding game preserve. Established 1872; 3,471.51 square miles. HOT SPRINGS, ARK.—Forty-seven Fishing.—A limit of 12 fish per person per day has been set for lake angling. A catch hot springs reserved by the Federal YOSEMITE, CALIF.—Valley of world- of 20 fish is permitted in park streams. No fishing license is necessary. Government in 1832 to prevent exploita­ famous beauty; spectacular waterfalls; Park Rangers.—The rangers are here to help and advise you. When in doubt ask a tion of waters. Made national park in magnificent High Sierra country. Es­ 1921; 1.58 square miles. tablished 1890; 1,176.16 square miles. ranger. Rangers at the Information Bureau, park headquarters, and the several stations will be glad to help you plan your activity while in Crater Lake and to explain the LASSEN VOLCANIC, CALIF.—Only ZION, UTAH.—Beautiful Zion Canyon, regulations. recently active volcano in continental 1,500 to 2,500 feet deep. Spectacular Complete rules and regulations are available at park headquarters. United States. Established 1916; 163.32 coloring. Established 1919; 148.26 square miles. square miles. I I Events Contents OF HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE Crater Lake National Park: PaSe 1853 John Wesley Hillman and a group of prospectors discovered Discovery and History 3 the lake and named it Deep Blue Lake. Geological Story 4 1862 Chauncey Nye and party of prospectors, unaware of the Work of Streams and Glaciers 6 previous discovery, accidentally visited the lake. Records of Vegetation 7 1865 Soldiers from Fort Klamath, without knowledge of previous Destruction of the Mountain 8 discoveries, visited the lake and named it Lake Majesty. Places of Interest 11 1869 Jim Sutton, accompanied by David Linn and family, of Sinnott Memorial 11 Jacksonville, visited the lake and named it Crater Lake. Rim Drive 13 1873 First photograph, a daguerreotype, taken of Crater Lake by Wizard Island 13 Peter Britt, southern Oregon pioneer. The Phantom Ship 13 Garfield Peak 13 1883 J. S. Diller, geologist, and Everett Haydcn, of the United State Geological Survey, visited the lake. Llao Rock 13 1885 William Gladstone Steel, with Prof. Joseph Le Conte, Capt. The Watchman 14 ! Clarence E. Dutton, J. M. Breck, Jr., and others, visited Cloud-Cap 14 Crater Lake. Mr. Steel suggested that a national park be Mount Scott 15 established and a petition was sent to President Cleveland. The Pinnacles 15 1886 The President issued a proclamation withdrawing 10 town­ Union Peak 15 ships, including Crater Lake. Lake surveyed and Mount Thielsen 15 sounded by the United States Geological Survey. Llao's Hallway 16 1888 First fish planted in Crater Lake by William Gladstone Steel. Castle Crest Wild-Flower Garden 16 Wild Animals 16 1896 Mazamas visited Crater Lake and christened the ancestral mountain, of which only the caldera remains, Mount Bird Life 18 Mazama. Fishing 18 1902 Crater Lake National Park, created by congressional action, Winter Sports 20 approved by President Theodore Roosevelt. First super­ The Forests 21 intendent, W. F. Arant, appointed. Wild Flowers 23 1907 First automobile driven to the rim of Crater Lake by Charles How to Reach the Park 25 True, from Medford, Oreg. The Wocus, the first boat By Railroad 25 used in rendering a launch service to visitors, placed on By Automobile 25 the lake. By Airplane 26 1912 Crater Lake Lodge, the oldest structure now existing in Administration .....' 26 the rim area, was built. Rim Village 26 1927 Crater Lake Ski Club organized. First annual ski races held. Camping 27 1931 Sinnott Memorial completed and dedicated. Accommodations and Expenses 29 1932 The Watchman Observation Station completed. References 31 1935 Park approach roads and highway to rim open for first Oregon Caves National Monument 32 time throughout winter. Lava Beds National Monument 34 CRATER LAKE National Park • PARK ACCESSIBLE ENTIRE YEAR • OCATED in southern Oregon, on the crest of the lofty Cascade Range, Crater Lake National Park has a high place among the Nation's I—^most scenic wonderlands. It is a gem of rare excellence, possessing unity of form and color. At Crater Lake visitors observe beauty in its truest sense and experience a profound inspirational appeal. Pervaded by an air of mystery, tranquillity now prevails where once unfathomable volcanic power was displayed. It is a shrine before which all may, with an attitude of reverence, pene­ trate the veil of the unknown to meet the realities of nature. The park now embraces an area of 250.52 square miles, or 160,333 acres, and was established by act of Congress on May 22, 1902. The lake rests in the very heart of a mighty mountain whose destruction resulted in the formation of a vast crater in which the waters accumulated. This body of bluest of waters in the world has no known inlets or outlets. It is dependent entirely on precipitation for its great depth. It is 6 miles wide, 2,000 feet deep, covers an area of 20 square miles, and has a circular shoreline of 26 miles, with multi-colored lava cliffs reaching out of mystic blue depths for another 2,000 feet.