3rd Asia-Pacific Water Summit Financing Implementation of the Water Related SDGs in Myanmar Dr. Wah Wah Maung Director General Central Statistical Organization Ministry of Planning and Finance Myanmar Water Based Economy • quantify the economic value of water resources • return on investments in environmental Water restoration and water-related infrastructure, and the ecosystem benefits and services Based • advancing the “Blue Economy” • ensuring that businesses, communities and agriculture are able to leverage the abundant Economy water resources to support strong economies and a high quality of life for residents Sustained Use of Water Population Growth Industrial Growth Urbanization Transport: Water Agriculture Process Ways, Marine Inefficient Use of Water Resources, Water Management System, Climate Change Pressure to Water Management System Financing Resilient Water Infrastructure and Services Financing of a sustainable water sector can focus SDGs 2030 Agenda Financing Can achieve a number of targets • Growth with equity • Strategic Framework, Policies and Action Plan Water • Financing Sources: State Budget, Grant, Loans, International Assistance, PPP Sector Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension I • Household water security covers – both drinking water (SDG target 6.1) and – sanitation (SDG target 6.2), – both have clear targets (100% coverage by 2030) Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension II • Economic Water Security – Asia and the Pacific faces a serious water threat – Water demand in agriculture, industry, and the domestic sectors will increase by 30%–40% in 2050. Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension • Urban Water Security – water systems in the city as source of supply (drinking water) and threat (flooding) toward a more comprehensive water-sensitive cities approach. – High infrastructure requirements to improve the wastewater and flooding components of the urban water security dimension Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension • Environmental Water Security – Index of environmental water security (KD4) quantifies the pressures on the health of flowing surface waters across the region (i) the river health index (RHI), the inverse of a metric of threat to water security, that incorporates the potential impacts of many variables that tend to have detrimental impacts on river health; (ii) flow alteration, which describes the extent to which rivers are changed due to dams, weirs, and direct extractions; (iii) environmental governance, which expresses the efforts of governments to protect the environment in their country. Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension • Resilience to Water-Related Disasters – On average, 205 million people were affected by such disasters each year during that period. Weather-related disasters are becoming increasingly frequent, due to a sustained rise in the number of floods and storms. – Flooding alone accounts for 47% of all weather-related disasters in 1995–2015, affecting 2.3 billion people, the majority (95%) in Asia. While Water availability and use in Myanmar • The prime source of water is the precipitation of rain. • Three available water sources: (a) Surface Water (b) Ground Water or Underground Water (a) Rain or Snow Common Water Usage Patterns ✓Domestic use –Bathing, Washing, Flushing, Cooking, Drinking ✓Garden watering use ✓Fire fighting ✓Industrial use ✓Commercial use ✓Agricultural use ✓Unaccountable or losses Countries with the lowest level of wastewater treatment in the Asia-Pacific Region *Estimate. Note: The percentage of wastewater treated is very much dependant on the conditions in the countries’ largest/larger cities, where the percentage is generally higher, and rarely a reliable indicator of conditions in the smaller urban centres of towns and rural areas, for which data are often lacking. Source: Adapted from ADB (2013, Appendix 4, p.100). Wastewater production and treatment • Domestic wastewater into the municipal open drains and pipe system in municipality areas or/and common effluent treatment plant. Which goals does the Government of Myanmar aim to achieve and how does the Government practice wastewater policies at a national level with the goals? National Policy Developmen t and Institutions in Myanmar • Improving River System • Managing waste water • Awareness campaign for the effective and efficient use of water • Improving infrastructure including rural infrastructure • The Institutions: Environmental Conservation Department (ECD) of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MONREC), Yangon City Development Committee (YCDC), Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC) and Nay Pyi Taw City Development Committee (NCDC) Myanmar’s Household Water Security Percentage Distribution Of Households With Good Sources Of Water Good Sources of Water (%) Piped Water , Artesian Well , Covered Well S.N. Description 2001 2006 2012 I. UNION 51.26 61.66 65.18 II. REGION / STATE 1Kachin State 45.77 56.64 65.70 2Kayah State 28.23 43.80 46.41 3Kayin State 23.31 42.29 40.07 4Chin State 92.89 45.00 59.10 5Sagaing Region 56.99 60.73 74.93 6Tanintharyi Region 67.97 54.02 59.95 7Bago Region (East) 81.30 67.90 65.47 8Bago Region (West) 55.70 55.29 9Magway Region 60.20 70.02 66.58 10Mandalay Region 59.22 68.24 87.26 11 Mon State 23.55 36.80 63.02 12Rakhine State 22.98 43.68 40.20 13Yangon Region 83.28 84.63 76.26 14Shan State (South) 44.61 73.67 15Shan State (North) 23.18 45.88 50.88 16Shan State (East) 64.27 70.28 17Ayeyarwady Region 20.28 48.99 53.72 18Nay Pyi Taw 77.96 Myanmar Water Based Economy Types of Water Resource by States and Regions 2016-2017 (Acres) Canals,Reservoirs, River,Stream Fishery Pond Total States and Regions Tanks and Embankment and Under Water Union 642361 4835439 404893 5882693 1 . Naypyitaw 21958 31462 2988 56408 2 . Kachin State 29609 437914 91964 559487 3 . Kayah State 4114 16917 3522 24553 4 . Kayin State 4536 57984 3462 65982 5 . Chin State 97 209968 408 210473 6 . Sagaing Region 155681 448330 41674 645685 7 . Tanintharyi Region 153 419803 332 420288 8 . Bago Region 116426 564184 69274 749884 9 . Magway Region 56472 573803 9592 639867 10 . Mandalay Region 89751 255809 17685 363245 11 . Mon State 7446 250641 3301 261388 12 . Rakhine State 15639 382065 1604 399308 13 . Yangon Region 50612 228121 41229 319962 14 . Shan State 9103 175830 25995 210928 15 . Ayeyarwady Region 80764 782608 91863 955235 Source : Department of Agricultural Land Management and Statistics. Irrigable and Flood Protection Areas (Thousand Acres) Irrigable Area Flood Protection Period Weir Tank Total Embankments Drainage Work Total No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 2012 - 2013 169 1375 247 1874 416 3249 228 2804 214 860 442 3664 2013 - 2014 171 1388 256 1914 427 3302 223 2804 236 902 459 3706 2014 - 2015 192 1433 261 1862 453 3295 231 2804 239 894 470 3698 2015 - 2016 212 1351 269 1649 481 3000 225 2804 235 892 460 3696 2016 - 2017 143 1390 256 1591 399 2981 229 2815 237 878 466 3694 Source: Department of Irrigation and Management of Water Utilization. 19 Irrigable and Flood Protection Areas by States and Regions(2016-2017 ) (Acres) Irrigable Area Flood Protection States and Regions Weir Tank Total Embankments Drainage Work Total No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Union 143 1389679 256 1590967 399 2980646 229 2815145 237 878424 466 3693569 1. Kachin State 5 21776 - - 5 21776 - - - - - - 2. Kayah State 10 13656 5 31227 15 44883 - - 1 - 1 - 3. Kayin State 6 388 4 2328 10 2716 2 2372 14 13236 16 15608 4. Chin State - - 1 243 1 243 - - - - - - 5. Sagaing Region 12 476069 29 170995 41 647064 6 42146 1 6965 7 49111 6.Tanintharyi Region 24 3111 - - 24 3111 14 11400 - - 14 11400 7. Bago Region 16 239103 35 498778 51 737881 39 515907 41 307949 80 823856 8. Magway Region 7 217519 51 109060 58 326579 - - - - - - 9. Mandalay Region 13 109932 88 590954 101 700886 7 22605 20 53583 27 76188 10. Mon State 12 66663 5 20885 17 87548 18 20536 55 108771 73 129307 11.Rakhing State - - 10 6335 10 6335 32 79584 2 - 34 79584 12. Yangon Region 9 157386 9 81269 18 238655 44 295873 85 350050 129 645923 13. Shan State 24 44925 13 18138 37 63063 1 - - - 1 - 14. Ayeyarwady Region 5 39151 6 60755 11 99906 66 1824722 18 37870 84 1862592 Source: Department of Irrigation and Management of Water Utilization. Area of Selected Crops Under Irrigation (Thousand Acres) Total Ground - Sesa- Pulses Sugar- Other Other Period Irrigated Paddy Wheat Maize nut mum cane Food Cotton Jute non-food Area Crops Crops (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 2012 - 2013 6419.25 4618.81 91.77 126.98 72.53 156.73 255.56 30.89 1001.55 18.14 0.57 45.72 2013 - 2014 6695.86 4805.28 94.44 144.59 79.79 209.92 281.36 27.71 1004.57 7.81 * 40.39 2014 - 2015 6626.09 4632.88 92.78 140.91 77.98 281.61 287.51 29.31 1017.83 23.36 * 41.92 2015 - 2016 6651.84 4640.51 90.10 140.74 86.45 285.66 330.55 28.27 1007.80 4.82 * 36.88 2016 - 2017 6705.10 4636.13 78.37 146.00 88.58 335.49 336.50 27.63 1016.54 3.87 * 35.99 Note: * Less than 0.5 Source : Department of Agricultural Land Management and Statistics. Area of Selected Crops under Weir (Thousand Acres) Period Total Paddy Wheat Maize Grou Sesa Pulses Sugar Other Cotton Jute Other -nutnd -umm -cane food non- food Crops Crops (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 2012-2013 3946 2567 12 29 29 23 1049 1 182 - 1 53 2013-2014 3929 2560 13 31 28 22 1052 1 168 - * 54 2014-2015 3937 2564 13 30 29 23 1065 1 158 - * 54 2015-2016 3934 2557 9 31 28 19 1087 1 147 - * 55 2016-2017 3940 2563 9 31 27 18 1098 1 139 - * 54 Note: * Less than 0.6 Source : Department of Agricultural Land Management and Statistics.