Project Kestrel The Millennium Falcons Design Team Robbie Sorrentino, Caleb Mallicoat, Andrew Kraemer, Ryan Hughes, Alfredo Basile, Ben Hamer, Riley Assaid AIAA 2020-2021 Undergraduate Aircraft Design RFP Austere Field Light Attack Aircraft Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Advisor: Dr. Jesse Quinlan Date of Submission: May 13, 2021 Austere Field Light Attack Aircraft Proposal The Millennium Falcons Design Team AIAA Member Team Member Signature Role Number Team Leader Robbie Sorrentino 1180395 Mission Performance Caleb Mallicoat 1180095 Propulsion Andrew Kraemer 1180549 Propulsion Ryan Hughes 1241354 Cost Alfredo Basile 1180268 Structures Ben Hamer 1180297 Stability & Control Riley Assaid 1180217 Aerodynamics Dr. Jesse Quinlan 306245 Faculty Advisor 2 Austere Field Light Attack Aircraft Proposal Contents I. Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................ 4 II. List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................ 5 III. List of Tables.................................................................................................................................................. 5 IV. Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................. 7 V. Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 8 VI. Requirements Analysis................................................................................................................................ 11 VI.A RFP Requirements ........................................................................................................................ 11 VI.B Comparator Aircraft Identification ................................................................................................ 12 VI.C Certification ................................................................................................................................... 13 VI.D Concept of Operations ................................................................................................................... 13 VII. Configuration ............................................................................................................................................... 15 VII.A Design Morphology ..................................................................................................................... 15 VII.B Preferred System Concept ............................................................................................................ 17 VIII. Sizing Analysis ............................................................................................................................................. 19 VIII.A Similarity Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 19 VIII.B Initial Sizing and Constraint Analysis ........................................................................................ 19 VIII.C Trade Studies .............................................................................................................................. 22 IX. Weight Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 25 IX.A Refined Weight Estimate .............................................................................................................. 25 IX.B Avionics ........................................................................................................................................ 27 IX.C Payload and Fuel System .............................................................................................................. 28 IX.D Center-of-Gravity Envelope .......................................................................................................... 29 X. Aerodynamics .............................................................................................................................................. 30 X.A Airfoil Selection and Wing Design ................................................................................................ 30 X.B Aerodynamic Characteristics .......................................................................................................... 31 X.C High Lift Device ............................................................................................................................. 32 X.D Computation of CLmax .................................................................................................................... 33 XI. Propulsion .................................................................................................................................................... 35 XI.A Engine Type Down-Select ............................................................................................................ 35 XI.B Engine Sizing & Selection............................................................................................................. 36 XI.C Rotor Design ................................................................................................................................. 41 XII. Structures ..................................................................................................................................................... 44 XII.A Material Selection ........................................................................................................................ 44 XII.B Wing Structural Analysis ............................................................................................................. 45 XII.C Tiltwing Design ........................................................................................................................... 48 XII.D Fuselage ....................................................................................................................................... 50 XII.D.1 Cockpit ....................................................................................................................... 52 3 Austere Field Light Attack Aircraft Proposal XIII. Landing Gear ............................................................................................................................................... 53 XIII.A Height, Base, Track .................................................................................................................... 53 XIII.B Tires ............................................................................................................................................ 55 XIV. Stability and Control ................................................................................................................................... 55 XIV.A Tail Design ................................................................................................................................. 55 XIV.B Static Stability ............................................................................................................................ 56 XIV.C Controllability ............................................................................................................................ 56 XIV.C.1 Aileron ...................................................................................................................... 57 XIV.C.2 Elevator ..................................................................................................................... 58 XIV.C.3 Rudder ....................................................................................................................... 59 XV. Performance ................................................................................................................................................. 60 XV.A Takeoff and Landing Analysis..................................................................................................... 60 XV.B Mission Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 64 XV.C V-n Diagram ................................................................................................................................ 66 XV.D Payload-Range ............................................................................................................................. 67 XV.E Service Ceiling ............................................................................................................................. 67 XVI. Survivability ................................................................................................................................................. 68 XVII. Cost Analysis ................................................................................................................................................ 70 XVII.A Affordability and Overview of Costing Methods ..................................................................... 70 XVII.B Key Assumptions ...................................................................................................................... 72 XVII.C Results ......................................................................................................................................