4/14/2020 Tree of Heaven vs. Sumac Tree of Heaven? Who identification cares? Isn’t that invasive! Thomas deHaas ANR – [email protected] OSU Lake County Extension 12 Spotted Lanternfly Tree of Heaven Lycorma delicatula (White) Ailanthus altissima Host tree for Spotted Lantern Fly 34 Spotted Lanternfly • Distribution • The spotted lanternfly is present in China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam. In 2014, the insect was first detected in the United States in Pennsylvania. Since then, spotted lanternfly infestations have been detected in Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and Virginia. 56 1 4/14/2020 OHIO may be next… We need your help! 78 Wineries in Grand River Valley 910 • Eggs: – Laid then commonly covered with waxy coating • Preferred Hosts: – Overwintering stageSLF Egg Masses – Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) – Grapes (Vitis spp.) Egg Mass: 1 – 1 1/2” long 1/2 – 3/4” wide Gypsy Moth Egg Mass 11 12 2 4/14/2020 Life Stage Present (One Generation per Year in PA) The longest stage of the life cycle stage Most responsible for human-assisted spread Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Eggs Nymphs Adults Weak flyers: more like gliders Responsible for localized spread Occasional hitchhikers Source: Penn State Extension 13 14 THERE IS AN APP FOR THAT! • Great Lakes Early Detection Network (GLEDN) • Download the APP • Do Normal Activity or Go Outside Looking Specifically for Invasive Species • Report What You See • Check Out the Maps • Access at http://go.osu.edu/GLEDN 15 16 Where is Tree of Heaven Native?? • Background • Tree-of-heaven was first introduced into the United States in the Philadelphia area in 1784. Immigrants later introduced tree-of-heaven to the West Coast in the 1850s. It was initially valued as an urban street tree and was widely planted in the Baltimore and Washington, D.C., area. From these areas, tree-of-heaven has spread and become a common invasive plant in urban, agricultural, and forested areas. • https://extension.psu.edu/tree-of-heaven 17 18 3 4/14/2020 19 20 Staghorn Sumac Rhus typhina Can be confused with Tree of Heaven 21 22 Tree of Heaven in Winter • Staghorn Sumac does tend to retain its fruit through the winter. • Tree of Heaven tend to lose its seed pods but can retain them in the winter • When growing together, which can be common, you can begin to see the difference. 23 24 4 4/14/2020 Seed Clusters Compare / Contrast - Sumac and Tree of Tree of Heaven Heaven 25 26 Bud Scar - Tree of Heaven 27 28 Tree of Heaven – Heart Shaped Bud Scar Tree of Heaven- Heart-shaped even when older 29 30 5 4/14/2020 And older Sumac - Fruit 31 32 Sumac Buds Sumac Bud 33 34 Ailanthus in Winter Ailanthus in background-they grow together 35 36 6 4/14/2020 Rhus (Sumac) in Winter 37 38 Fruit - Sumac Tree of Heaven - Trunk 39 40 Sumac - Trunk In the Growing Season!!!! • Tree of Heaven vs. Sumac: How can you tell the difference? • Staghorn Sumac is a native to Ohio and a great naturalizer plant. Tree of Heaven is an invasive and extremely aggressive in growth and proliferation. • Both Sumac and Tree of Heaven are in flower in northeast Ohio, which in fact is one of the best ways to tell them apart. 41 42 7 4/14/2020 When they FLOWER!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! • Staghorn Sumac - Rhus typhina is an attractive wood line plant with attractive fruits and a good orange fall Unmasking the invasive color. The fruit is fuzzy, starts green, and turns to red. The leaves on sumac are toothed and pinnately Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima) is an compound. introduced species that has become an • Tree of Heaven Ailanthus altissima has flower clusters that cascade out and down from the center. invasive in a wide variety of habitats. This They tend to be orange to brown. The leaves are plant can be confused with the native pinnately compound but are smooth with no teeth. Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina). Through • Both plants can grow together and may be difficult to careful observation these two species can be tell apart. However, the flowers can really help if you easily separated. want to keep (Sumac) or pitch (Tree of Heaven), 43 44 Compare/Contrast -Tree of Heaven and Sumac Tree of Heaven in Leaf Characteristic Tree-of-heaven Staghorn Sumac Leaf 1 – 4 feet in length 1 – 2 feet in length 10 – 40 leaflets per leaf 13 – 27 leaflets often 19 leaflets have smooth margin (edge) leaflets have serrated margin (small even teeth) base of leaflet has 1 -2 broad teeth Sap Clear Milky and sticky smooth to lightly pubescent densely pubescent Pith brown and spongy Pith firm and yellow white Leaf scar Large V or heart shape not enclosing U-shaped enclosing the bud the bud Fruit Winged samara Red fuzzy drupe in upright clusters Other Odor when crushed 45 46 Tree of Heaven Tree of Heaven – Seed Head 47 48 8 4/14/2020 Leaflet of Ailanthus – Tree of Heaven Sumac in Leaf 49 50 Sumac Sumac Leaflet 51 52 Sumac Leaf Sumac – Early Season 53 54 9 4/14/2020 Sumac in Foreground- Tree of Heaven in Background 55 56 Image Number: 5522655 spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) (White, 1845) Photographer: Phloem Feeding Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture 57 58 Search for: Great Lakes EDN • Great Lakes Early Detection Network (GLEDN) • Download the APP • Do Normal Activity or Go Outside Looking Specifically for Invasive Species • Report What You See • Check Out the Maps • Access at http://go.osu.edu/GLEDN 59 60 10 4/14/2020 Spotted Lanternfly – Lake County List Tree Address Street Location Details 1NA Blackmore and Clark Perry NW Corner of intersection 2NA Rt 20 Perry Across from Dod Shelter and East of McCallister Landscape Supply 3NA Rt 20 Painesville East of Melzer Fuel Depot 4NA Rt 20 Painesville West of Mr. Chicken next to NS RR tracks 5NA Rt 20 Painesville West of Aldi Parking Lot on Ganley Auto tracks 6NA Erie Street Willoughby South of Willoughby Coal (NS Tracks) 7NA Rt 84 Painesville Beaty Landing upper Parking Lot (West of lot) 8NA Richmond Street Fairport Harbor Entrance to Fairport Harbor Yatch Club 9 526 Courtland (Backyard) Fairport Harbor Courtland and Orchard Intersection 10 3415 St Rt 84 Perry North side of 84 across from Klyn Nursery 11 NA Lane Rd Perry Southwest of the Norfolk/Southern RR Tracks 12 NA Rt 20 Madison Subway Parking lot (east side) South side of Rd 20 61 62 63 64 Other Look-alikes? Black Walnut Juglans nigra 65 66 11 4/14/2020 Paul Wray, Iowa State University, Bugwood.org Jason Sharman, Vitalitree, Bugwood.org 67 68 Chris Evans, University of Illinois, Bugwood.org Flowers Paul Wray, Iowa State University, Bugwood.org 69 70 Bill Cook, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org Walnuts Paul Wray, Iowa State University, Bugwood.org 71 72 12 4/14/2020 Tree of Heaven – Heart Shaped Bud Scar Other Look-alikes? Boxelder Maple Acer negundo 73 74 Other Look-alikes? Black Walnut Paul Wray, Iowa State University, Bugwood.org Paul Wray, Iowa State University, Bugwood.org 75 76 Barbara Tokarska- Guzik, University of Silesia, Bugwood.org Jan Samanek, Phytosanitary Administration, Bugwood.org 77 78 13 4/14/2020 Chris Evans, University of Illinois, Bugwood.org Keith Kanoti, Maine Forest Service, Bugwood.org 79 80 Penn State Fact Sheet on Tree of Heaven look-alike Tree a Heaven: Hickory https://extension.psu.edu/tree- of-heaven 81 82 Bitternut hickory leaf Paul Wray, Iowa State University, Bugwood.org Chris Evans, University of Illinois, Bugwood.org 83 84 14 4/14/2020 Shagbark Hickory bark Rob Routledge, Sault College, Bugwood.org Bitternut Hickory bark Paul Wray, Iowa State University, Bugwood.org 85 86 Shagbark Hickory Nuts Elmer Verhasselt, Bugwood.org Rob Routledge, Sault College, Bugwood.org 87 88 QUESTIONS ???? Thomas deHaas ANR Educator OSU Lake County Extension [email protected] Office phone: 440-853-2630 89 15.