TYPHOON HAIMA IN THE LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Joint Damage, Losses and Needs Assessment – August, 2011 A Report prepared by the Government of the Lao PDR with support from the ADB , ADPC, FAO , GFDRR, Save the Children, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, UN-HABITAT, WFP, WHO, World Bank, World Vision, and WSP Lao People's Democratic Republic Peace Independence Democracy Unity Prosperity TYPHOON HAIMA JOINT DAMAGE, LOSSES AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT (JDLNA) *** October 2011 A Report prepared by the Government of the Lao PDR With support from the ADB, ADPC, FAO, GFDRR , Save the Children, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, UN- HABITAT, WFP ,WHO, World Bank, World Vision, AND WSP Vientiane, August 29, 2011 Page i Foreword On June 24-25, 2011, Typhoon Haima hit the Northern and Central parts of the Lao PDR causing heavy rain, widespread flooding and serious erosion in the provinces of Xiengkhouang, Xayaboury, Vientiane and Bolikhamxay. The typhoon caused severe damage and losses to the basic infrastructure, especially to productive areas, the irrigation system, roads and bridges, hospitals, and schools. Further, the typhoon disrupted the local people’s livelihoods, assets and properties. The poor and vulnerable groups of people are most affected by the typhoon. Without immediate recovery efforts, its consequences will gravely compromise the development efforts undertaken so far by the government, seriously set back economic dynamism, and further jeopardise the already very precarious situation in some of the provinces that were hard hit by the typhoon. A Joint Damage, Losses and Needs Assessment (JDLNA) was undertaken, with field visit to the four most affected provinces from 25th July to 5th August 2011. The assessment was led by the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) in close collaboration and consultation with the Ministry of Foreign Affair (MoFA), National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) within the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW) and key line Ministries such as the Ministry Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), Ministry Public Works and Transport (MPWT), Ministry of Education and Sport (MES), Ministry of Health (MoH), and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE) with technical support provided by development partners including the ADB, ADPC, FAO, GFDRR, Save the Children, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, UN-HABITAT, WFP ,WHO, World Bank, World Vision and WSP. This Report– Typhoon Haima Joint Damage, Losses and Needs Assessment (JDLNA) – which I am honoured to present, is a collective output of the collaboration and efforts made jointly between the Government of Lao PDR and the development partners in assessing the damage, losses and resource needed for recovery, restoration of people’s livelihoods, and improving the climate resilience of the affected sectors in the short, medium and longer terms. This report also highlights some of the government commitments to improve its internal coordination and reporting system for disaster emergency response and preparedness between the line ministries at the central and local levels, as well as to establish the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) framework for long term reconstruction and recovery. On behalf of the MPI, NDMO and MoFA, we wish to express our sincere gratitude to the line ministries and development partners for their technical support and participation in the Typhoon Haima Joint Assessment, as well as delivering this report. We would also like to specially thank the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) for providing their staff and capital resources to help us completing the assessments and this report. Since its establishment in September 2006, GFDRR has been contributed to by 36 countries and 6 international organisations which are committed to helping developing countries reducing their vulnerability to natural hazards and adapt to climate change. Page ii We are looking forward to discussing the result of the findings in this report with the development partners and sincerely hope that we can receive their support to help restoring the economy and local people’s livelihoods back to normal soon. H.E. Mr. Somdy Douangdy Minister of Planning and Investment Page iii Acknowledgements This report has been jointly prepared by the Government of the Lao PDR (GoL) with support and significant technical contribution from the ADB, ADPC, FAO, Save the Children, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, UN-HABITAT, WFP ,WHO, World Bank, World Vision, and WSP, and received financial and technical support from the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR). This report has benefitted from the guidance, coordination, logistic and technical inputs provided by provincial Governors, Vice Governors and staff at the provincial administration offices, many central government ministries and line departments at the provincial and district offices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA), Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI), the National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) under the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW), Ministry of Education (MoE), Ministry of Health (MoH), Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MPWT), Ministry of Energy and Mines (MEM), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), Ministry of Industry and Commerce (MIC) and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE). Photographs used in this publication were taken by the assessment team or provided by GoL, unless otherwise indicated. To all of these contributors the team would like to express their deepest thanks and appreciation. Page iv Table of Contents FOREWORD II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IV LIST OF TABLES VI LIST OF MAPS VII LIST OF IMAGES VII LIST OF FIGURES VII GLOSSARY VIII SECTION I: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 BACKGROUND 1 OVERALL DAMAGE, LOSSES AND NEEDS 1 SECTORS ASSESSMENT IN BRIEF 7 DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT AND THE WAY FORWARD 10 SECTION II: THE DISASTER, RISKS AND RECOVERY 18 OVERVIEW OF THE DISASTER 18 THE IMMEDIATE EFFECTS 18 THE IMMEDIATE RESPONSE 19 SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF THE AFFECTED AREAS 20 LAO PDR’S VULNERABILITY TO NATURAL HAZARDS AND CLIMATE CHANGE 22 HISTORICAL HAZARD RISK PROFILE 23 PROJECTED IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE 24 OVERALL DAMAGE, LOSS AND NEEDS QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY 26 GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF THE NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND RECOVERY STRATEGY 28 RECOVERY FRAMEWORK, MONITORING AND EVALUATION 29 GENDER 34 SECTION III: ANNEXES 36 HOUSING 37 TRANSPORT 44 URBAN WATER SUPPLY 53 EDUCATION 58 HEALTH 62 RURAL WATER AND SANITATION 67 AGRICULTURE (CROPS, LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES), IRRIGATION, NUTRITION AND FOOD SECURITY 75 ENVIRONMENT 92 THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS 96 DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT 102 Page v List of Tables Table 1: Overall Summary of Damage, Losses & Needs - By Sector ........................................................................ 2 Table 2: Short and Medium Term Needs by Sector ................................................................................................ 6 Table 3: Implementation Plan for the Disaster Risk Management Strategic Recovery Framework ....................... 16 Table 4: Summary of the Impacts......................................................................................................................... 19 Table 5: GDP Share of the Main Sectors in the Affected Provinces, ...................................................................... 22 Table 6: Summary of Social Background of the Affected Provinces ...................................................................... 22 Table 7: Natural Disaster Profile of Lao PDR 1990-2010 (Source: EM-DAT, 2010) ................................................. 23 Table 8: Summary of Damage, Losses and Needs in the Housing Sector ............................................................... 37 Table 9: Floods Damage and Losses in Regions ..................................................................................................... 37 Table 10: Needs for Recovery and Reconstruction Strategies ............................................................................... 39 Table 11: Overview of Damage to Housing Sector ................................................................................................ 40 Table 12: Housing Needs Estimate ....................................................................................................................... 41 Table 13: Summary of Damage and Losses in Transport (Million USD) ................................................................. 44 Table 14: Total Road Network in Four Affected Provinces (km) ............................................................................ 44 Table 15: Total Road Network with Partial Damage in Four Affected Provinces (km) ........................................... 45 Table 16: Damage and Losses for Public and Private Transport ............................................................................ 46 Table 17: Transport Recovery Needs in Short and Medium Term .......................................................................... 47 Table 18: Damage, Losses and Needs for Electricity in Public and Private ............................................................ 50 Table 19: Households and Villages with Electricity ............................................................................................... 50 Table 20: Summary of Damage and Losses in Urban Water Supply ...................................................................... 53 Table 21: Current (2011) Total Household Connections in Each Province (Source: Nam Papas) ...........................