DOCUMENT RESUME ED 083 425 CE 000 426 TITLE Interrelation Between Population and Manpower Problems: A Joint ECAFE/ILO Seminar; Report and Selected Papers.(Bangkok, Thailand, January 18-30, 1971). Asian Population Studies Series No. 7. INSTITUTION International Labour Office, Geneva (Switzerland).; United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, Bangkok (Thailand). R=PORT NO APSS-7 PUB DATE Aug 72 NOTL 127p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$6.58 DESCRIPTORS Data Analysis; *Demography; *Foreign Countries; Labor Force; *Manpower Development; *Manpower Needs; *Manpower Utilization; Population Distribution; Population Growth; Population Trends; Seminars IDENTI?IERS *United Nations ABSTRACT Thirty-nine individuals from 20 countries in the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE) took part in a twelve-day seminar. Ten papers dealing with the ways in which demography factors relate to manpower were presented. The seminar's three objectives were to provide an opportunity for exchange of information, knowledge, and experience among personnel whose activities involve them in the interrelations between population and manpower problems; to examine the impact of population growth on manpower, labor force, and employment needs, with special reference to countries in the region; and to give expert consideration to techniques of assessing, analyzing, and interpreting data on the interrelations between population and manpower problems in the context of development planning. It was condluded that population and manpower policies whould be comprehensive and encompass specific aspects of the region. Allowances should be made for flexibility and possible inconsistencies; and programs should be the subject of continuing analysis, assessment, and evaluation. (AG) FILMED FROM BEST AVAILABLE COPY ASIAN POPULATION STUDIES SERIES No. 7 INTERRELATION BETWEEN POPULATIONAND MANPOWER PROBLEMS Report and Selected Papers of a Regional Seminar OF SI ToF JT F/rFF7 ARE EDUCATION IIMELF OF NATION.:1 ,N57.15111 EDUCATION ti pt UNITED NATIONS tZ) rJ FILMED FROM BEST AVAILABLE COPY The designations emplmed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the (.pression of an,. opinion yhatsoever on the part of the (..crt.tariat of the United Nations concerning the lc gal status .4 any Country or territory. Or of its authori- ties, or concerning the delimitation of the frontier of any country or territory. LIN OCO C.) ASIAN POPULATION STUDIES SERIES w No. 7 INTERRELATION BETWEEN POPULATION AND MANPOWER PROBLEMS : A JOINT ECAFE/ILO REGIONAL SEMINAR Report and Selected Papers ( Held at Bangkok,Thailand, 18- 30 January 1971 ) ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE FAR EAST Bangkok ,Thailand UNITED NATIONS E/CN.11/1015 TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I - Report of the Seminar Page Chapter I.Introduction 1 II.Overview of the problems and policy issues 2 HI.Policy measures affecting population 4 IV.Demographic factors in manpower and employment problems V.Population and manpower projections VI.Research and data needs I) VII.Conclusions and recommendations 10 Annexes I.List of participants 12 II.List of documents 16 HI.Detailed recommendations on research and data collection I S IV.Countries in the ECAFE region, as of 1970 23 Part II-Selocted Papers Population and manpower policiesDimensions and approaches by I.B. Teeuber Influence of changes in fertility, mortality and migration on age composition and manpower by Ghazi M. Faroou 36 Trends in labour force participation by age and sex in relation to education and skill by Pravin M. Viscera 40 Direct influence of fertility, mortality and migration labour force participation rates by J.N. SInhe a 55 Population growth and changing structure of economic activity by John D. Durand 59 Manpower demography of countries in Asia and the Far East by John D. Durand . 62 Some problem! in collecting manpower statistics by Y. Morita and M. Sekl 93 The relationship between population changes and labour force changes: Implications for manpower projections by Joints N. Ypsilantis 98 Interrelationship between population and manpower problems in the context of socio-economic development of the ECAFE region by SP. Agars's! 111 iii PART I REPORT OF THE SEMINAR Part I REPORT OF THE SEMINAR I. Introduction 4. The Seminar had three objectives : (a) to provide a forum for the exchange of information, knowledge 1. The Regional Seminar on Interrelation between and experience aiming policy-makers, planners, experts Population and Manpower Problems in the FCAFE and technicians whose activities involve them in the region was held in Bangkok, Thailand, from 18 to 30 interrelations between population and manpower prob- January 1971. It was organized jointly by the United lems; (h) to examine the impact of population growth Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far on manpower, labour force and employment needs, East (ECAFE) and the International Labour Office with special reference to countries in the region; and (ILO), as a part of the programmes of work pursuant (c) to give expert consideration to techniques of as- to recommendations of the Asian Population Con- sessing, analysing and interpreting data on the inter- ference of 1963 and to the Commission's resolutions 54 relations between population and manpower problems (XX) of April 1964 and 74 ( XXIII) of April 1967. inthe context of development planning. It was with a view to ensuring an integrated approach to these 2. The Asian Population Conference recognLed the importance of including the development of manpower problems that the seminar was organized as a col- laborative activity of ECAFE and the ILO. resources and employment opportunities as an essential part of efforts to cope with the population problems S. Thirty-nine participants from twenty countries facing countries in the region. Among the recommenda- tions of the Conference, particular mention may he in the ECAFE r^gion took part in the seminar. Ten made of the following: that a national population Nile} experts individual': invited by ECAFE and the ILO led should take account of manpower utilization and its discussions and contributed papers. Observers attended development and he formulated in the specific long- on behalf of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Educa- rangeperspectiveof developments in manpower; that promotionoffuller utilization of human resources tional, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), should be considered important as well as urgent; and the World Health Organization (WHO), the United that measures to moderate population growth should Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the Population he made an integral part of national development plans. Council of Ncw York, the Government of Thailand and In this connexion, the Conference recommended that the Government of the United States of America. The I XAFE, in co-operation with the appropriate interna- list of participants is given in annex 1. tional agencies, should "organize a programme of work- shops for utilization of human resources, parallel to its 6. The seminar considered ten working papers and programmes in the demographic tield".1 The Con- two background papers prepared by the invited experts ference registered concern over variation in the concepts and the ECAFE and ILO secretariats. In addition, the and inadequacy of the definitions of the terms "labour participants from each country were invited to present force ", "employment", "unemployment" and "under- relevant papers. All papers were recognized as express- employment". It also recognized the need for resell-eh ing the views of the authors and not of the organizations on relations between human resources and the processes or Governments which they represented. A list of the of economic growth and recommended the develop- documents is given in annex II. ment of basic data necessary for demographic and man- power research. 7. The working languages of the seminar were English and French. 3. The Commission, in resolution 54 (X X), reite- rated the need for adequate concepts and definitions of 8. I I.t. Gen. Sawacng Senanarong, Minister in "labour force", "employment", and "underemploy- the Office of the Prime Minister, Government of Thai- ment" and recommended that the Conference of Asian land, made an inaugural statement and welcomed the Statisticians give urgent attention to this problem. participants from other countries on behalf of the Recommendations to analyse the effect of population Government of Thailand. After welcoming the partici- pressure as related to the development goals of countries pants on behalf of ECAFE, U Nyun, Executive Secre- in the region were made in resolution 74 (XXIII). This tary, noted some highlights of the challenging, inter- seminar, endorsed by the Commission in its twenty- twined problems of population and manpower which fourth session at Canberra in 1968, was originally the seminar was to discuss and invited the seminar's planned for 1968/69 but had to be postponed because advice on the strategy for ECAFE's efforts to assist the of lack of resources. Finances for the seminar have been countries in the region in achieving their development provided by the United Nations Fund for Population goals during the Second Development Decade. Mr. Activities. Migual Redigquez-Macias, Deputy Director of the ILO Regional Office for Asia, also welcomed the partici- 1 Report of the Asian Populatiton Conference and pants and expressed concern over the excessive growth Selected Papers (United Nations publication, Sales No. of population and its impact on national and regional 65.II.F.11), chapter VII. development efforts. 1 2 l(.",4)11 9. The seminar unanimously adopted the following II. Overview of the Problems and Policy Issues agenda: 12. As estimated by the 1.nif eel Population 1. Election of officers. tbere were about 2,000 million inhabitants in the countries of theI...CAFEregion in 1970.According 2. Adoption of the agenda. to medium variant projections, that total would increase to about 2,800 million by 1985 and possible to 3,700 3. The problem as viewed in the broader context million by the end of the centure.