GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences Stefan Ignar Mateusz Grygoruk Editors Wetlands and Water Framework Directive Protection, Management and Climate Change GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences Editor-in-Chief Paweł Rowiński Series editors Marek Banaszkiewicz, Warsaw, Poland Janusz Pempkowiak, Sopot, Poland Marek Lewandowski, Warsaw, Poland Marek Sarna, Warsaw, Poland More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8821 Stefan Ignar • Mateusz Grygoruk Editors Wetlands and Water Framework Directive Protection, Management and Climate Change Editors Stefan Ignar Mateusz Grygoruk Department of Hydraulic Engineering Department of Hydraulic Engineering Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw Warsaw Poland Poland The GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences Book Series is in part a continuation of Monographic Volumes of Publications of the Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, the journal published since 1962 (http://pub.igf.edu.pl/index.php). ISSN 2190-5193 ISSN 2190-5207 (electronic) GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences ISBN 978-3-319-13763-6 ISBN 978-3-319-13764-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-13764-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2014957298 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and the Author(s) 2015. The book is published with open access at SpringerLink.com. Open Access This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. 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Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Series Editors Geophysics Paweł Rowiński Editor-in-Chief Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Ks. Janusza 64 01-452 Warsaw, Poland [email protected] Space Sciences Marek Banaszkiewicz Space Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Bartycka 18A 00-716 Warsaw, Poland Oceanology Janusz Pempkowiak Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Powstańców Warszawy 55 81-712 Sopot, Poland Geology Marek Lewandowski Institute of Geological Sciences Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Twarda 51/55 00-818 Warsaw, Poland Astronomy Marek Sarna Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Bartycka 18 00-716 Warsaw, Poland [email protected] Managing Editor Anna Dziembowska Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences Advisory Board Robert Anczkiewicz Bertrand Fritz Research Centre in Kraków Ecole et Observatoire des Institute of Geological Sciences Sciences de la Terre, Kraków, Poland Laboratoire d’Hydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg Aleksander Brzeziński Université de Strasbourg et CNRS Space Research Centre Strasbourg, France Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland Truls Johannessen Geophysical Institute Javier Cuadros University of Bergen Department of Mineralogy Bergen, Norway Natural History Museum London, UK Michael A. Kaminski Department of Earth Sciences Jerzy Dera University College London Institute of Oceanology London, UK Polish Academy of Sciences Sopot, Poland Andrzej Kijko Aon Benfield Evgeni Fedorovich Natural Hazards Research Centre School of Meteorology University of Pretoria University of Oklahoma Pretoria, South Africa Norman, USA Francois Leblanc Wolfgang Franke Laboratoire Atmospheres, Milieux Geologisch-Paläntologisches Institut Observations Spatiales, CNRS/IPSL Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Paris, France Frankfurt/Main, Germany Kon-Kee Liu Tilman Spohn Institute of Hydrological Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund and Oceanic Sciences Raumfahrt in der Helmholtz National Central University Jhongli Gemeinschaft Jhongli, Taiwan Institut für Planetenforschung Berlin, Germany Teresa Madeyska Research Centre in Warsaw Krzysztof Stasiewicz Institute of Geological Sciences Swedish Institute of Space Physics Warsaw, Poland Uppsala, Sweden Stanisław Massel Roman Teisseyre Institute of Oceanology Earth’s Interior Dynamics Lab Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Geophysics Sopot, Polska Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland Antonio Meloni Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica Jacek Tronczynski Rome, Italy Laboratory of Biogeochemistry of Organic Contaminants Evangelos Papathanassiou IFREMER DCN_BE Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Nantes, France Anavissos, Greece Steve Wallis Kaja Pietsch School of the Built Environment AGH University of Science Heriot-Watt University and Technology Riccarton, Edinburgh ó Krak w, Poland Scotland, UK š š Du an Pla ienka Wacław M. Zuberek í á Pr rodovedeck fakulta, UK Department of Applied Geology é Univerzita Komensk ho University of Silesia Bratislava, Slovakia Sosnowiec, Poland Barbara Popielawska Space Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland Acknowledgments This book was compiled within the project “Adaptive Management of Climate-induced Changes of Habitat Diversity in Protected Areas” (HABIT- CHANGE). We thank the European transnational funding programme INTERREG IV B Central Europe for co-funding this project (reference number 2CE168P3). Although the ideas and messages included in this book remain as straightforward clues for the managers and scientists involved in conservation of wetlands and floodplains, they crystallized from the broad, multi-aspect approach of managers, specialists and scientists of different backgrounds and experiences. First and foremost, we thank Dr. Marco Neubert and Dr. Sven Rannow for their efficient supervision and guidance of the HABIT-CHANGE project that made the implementation process an unforgettable experience that consisted of multiple lessons of the research efficiency and a strict yet keen project management of big international research undertakings. We thank all project partners whose dedication and accuracy allowed the HABIT-CHANGE to be implemented and finalized. We thank the Director and the staff of the Biebrza National Park for their keen attitude towards the researchers and outstanding assistance with the project implementation. We are grateful for the professional advice by Prof. Tomasz Okruszko that allowed us to go smoothly through the book preparation process. We thank the reviewers of the book—Dr. Dorota Pusłowska-Tyszewska, Dr. hab. Piotr Banaszuk, Prof. PB and Mgr Grzegorz Wierzbicki, whose valuable advice and critical reviews allowed to assure the high scientific standard of the presented contributions. We thank all the authors for the amount of work they put in the preparation of particular chapters. We thank Mrs. Anna Dziembowska for her permanent assistance and patience in the whole process of the book preparation. We also thank the editor team of the Springer series “GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences”. Warsaw, October 2014 Stefan Ignar Mateusz Grygoruk ix Contents 1 Wetlands and Water Framework Directive: Protection, Management and Climate Change......................... 1 S. Ignar and M. Grygoruk 2 Synergies and Conflicts Between Water Framework Directive and Natura 2000: Legal Requirements, Technical Guidance and Experiences from Practice ........................... 9 Georg A. Janauer, Juliane Albrecht and Lars Stratmann 3 Can Natura 2000 Sites Benefit from River Basin Management Planning Under a Changing Climate? Lessons from Germany .... 31 Lars Stratmann and Juliane Albrecht 4 Do Water Management and Climate-Adapted Management of Wetlands Interfere in Practice? Lessons from the Biebrza Valley, Poland .............................. 53 Mateusz Grygoruk and Tomasz Okruszko 5 Wetlands in River Valleys as an Effect of Fluvial Processes and Anthropopression ................................. 69 Andrzej Strużyński, Leszek Książek, Wojciech Bartnik, Artur Radecki-Pawlik, Karol Plesiński, Jacek Florek, Maciej Wyrębek and Mateusz Strutyński 6 New Vision of the Role of Land Reclamation Systems in Nature Protection and Water Management ................ 91 Wiesław Dembek xi Chapter 1 Wetlands and Water Framework Directive: Protection, Management and Climate Change S. Ignar and M. Grygoruk Abstract In this chapter the general context of protection and management of wetlands in legal frameworks of water management is discussed. We present the background of the book, referring to its main conclusions and achievements. The main finding is that the existing regulations of the European environmental policy are sufficiently accurate and