ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG4 N 0163 Date: 2002-05-21 Reference number of document: WDTR 19755 Version 1.1 Committee identification: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22 /WG 4 Secretariat: ANSI Information Technology — Programming languages, their environments and system software interfaces — Object finalization for programming language COBOL Warning This document is an ISO/IEC proposed draft Technical Report. It is not an ISO/IEC International Technical Report. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as an International Technical Report or International Standard. Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. Document type: Technical report Document subtype: n/a Document stage: (20) Preparation Document language: E ISO/WDTR 19755 Copyright notice This ISO/IEC document is a working draft and is copyright-protected by ISO/IEC. Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed as shown below or to ISO’s member body in the country of the requester: Copyright manager ISO Central Secretariat 1 rue de Varembé 1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland tel: +41 22 749 0111 fax: +41 22 734 0179 email: [email protected] Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Violators may be prosecuted. ii © ISO/IEC 2002 – All rights reserved ISO/IEC WDTR 19755 Acknowledgement notice COBOL originated in 1959 as a common business oriented language developed by the Conference on Data Systems Languages (CODASYL). The authors and copyright holders of the original copyrighted material specifically authorized the use of the material, in whole or in part, in COBOL specifications. That authorization extends to the reproduction and use of COBOL specifications in programming manuals or similar publications. CODASYL requested that the following acknowledgement be placed in the preface to any such publication. Acknowledgment Any organization interested in reproducing the COBOL standard and specifications in whole or in part, using ideas from this document as the basis for an instruction manual or for any other purpose, is free to do so. However, all such organizations are requested to reproduce the following acknowledgment paragraphs in their entirety as part of the preface to any such publication: COBOL is an industry language and is not the property of any company or group of companies, or of any organization or group of organizations. No warranty, expressed or implied, is made by any contributor or by the CODASYL COBOL Committee as to the accuracy and functioning of the programming system and language. Moreover, no responsibility is assumed by any contributor, or by the committee, in connection therewith. The authors and copyright holders of the copyrighted materials used herein FLOW-MATIC (trademark of Sperry Rand Corporation), Programming for the UNIVAC (R) I and II, Data Automation Systems copyrighted 1958, 1959, by Sperry Rand Corporation; IBM Commercial Translator Form No. F28-8013, copyrighted 1959 by IBM; FACT, DSI 27A5260-2760, copyrighted 1960 by Minneapolis-Honeywell have specifically authorized the use of this material, in whole or in part, in the COBOL specifications. Such authorization extends to the reproduction and use of COBOL specifications in programming manuals or similar publications. Any organization using a short passage from this document, such as in a book review, is requested to mention "COBOL" in acknowledgment of the source. © ISO/IEC 2002 – All rights reserved iii ISO/IEC WDTR 19755 Contents Foreword....................................................................................................................v Introduction ..............................................................................................................vi 1 Scope...............................................................................................................1 2 Normative references.....................................................................................1 3 Conformance to this proposed draft Technical Report...............................1 4 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................1 5 Description techniques ..................................................................................2 6 Changes to ISO/IEC FDIS 1989:2002.............................................................2 6.1 Changes to 7, Compiler Directives................................................................2 6.2 Changes to 8, Language Fundamentals .......................................................2 6.3 Changes to 9, I-O, objects, and user-defined functions..............................2 6.4 Changes to 10, Structured Compilation Group............................................4 6.5 Changes to 11, Identification Division ..........................................................5 6.6 Changes to 14, Procedure Division...............................................................5 6.7 Changes to 16, Standard classes..................................................................8 Annex A (normative) Language element lists ......................................................10 Annex B (informative) Unresolved technical issues.............................................11 Annex C (informative) Concepts............................................................................12 Bibliography ............................................................................................................15 iv © ISO/IEC 2002 – All rights reserved ISO/IEC WDTR 19755 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. Technical Reports are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft Technical Reports adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an Technical Report requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this proposed draft Technical Report may be the subject of patent rights. Neither ISO nor IEC shall be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Proposed draft Technical Report ISO/IEC 19755 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information Technology, Subcommittee SC 22, Programming languages, their environments and system software interfaces. INCITS Technical Committee J4, Programming language COBOL, contributed to the development. Proposed draft Technical Report ISO/IEC 19755 extends the COBOL specification defined in ISO/IEC FDIS 1989:2002, Information technology — Programming languages, their environments and system software interfaces — Programming language COBOL. It adds a feature for finalization of objects in Programming language COBOL. Annex A forms a normative part of this proposed draft Technical Report. Annexes B and C and the Bibliography are for information only. © ISO/IEC 2002 – All rights reserved v ISO/IEC WDTR 19755 Introduction This proposed draft Technical Report specifies a feature for finalizing objects in COBOL. The feature is considered to be immature and not ready for standardization. The decision was made to publish the specification in a Type 2 Technical Report so that implementations can be undertaken on an experimental basis. The experience gained is expected to result in an improved specification that can progress to standardization. In order to provide as much stability as possible to implementors and users, ISO/IEC JTC 1 Subcommittee 22 intends that the syntax and semantics be changed for purposes of standardization only as necessary to address issues arising in implementation or use of the feature for finalizing objects. The purpose of object finalization is to free resources that will not otherwise be freed by the normal garbage collection process. Examples include files that are open, temporary work files, database connections, IP/Socket Interfaces, and network connections. vi © ISO/IEC 2002 – All rights reserved ISO/IEC WDTR 19755 Information Technology — Programming languages, their environments and system software interfaces — Object finalization for programming language COBOL 1 Scope This proposed draft Technical Report specifies the syntax and semantics for object finalization in COBOL. The purpose of this proposed draft Technical Report is to promote a high degree of portability in implementations of object finalization, even though some elements are subject to trial before completion of a final design suitable for standardization. This specification builds on the syntax and semantics defined in ISO/IEC FDIS 1989:2002. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions