International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research Volume 2, Issue 4, ISSN (Online) 2319 -1473 Manuscript Processing Details (dd/mm/yyyy) : Received : 29 /0 1/201 4 | Accepted on : 14 /0 2/201 4 | Published : 19 /0 2/2014 Arrangements for Analysis and Protection of Some Food and Economical Significance of Rare and Threatened Species in about of Absheron, Azerbaijan Republic Ibadullayeva Sayyara, Aliyeva Sh ahla, Ahmedzade Sabina, Asgerova Naila , Movsumova Nuri, Mammadova Hasrat, Shiraliyeva Gulnara Ethnobotany Lab of the Institute of Botany of the ANAS Abstract – The article has been devoted to ethno - Along with al l of these, the role and significance of the characteristic research of useful plants spread in the uninterrupted development and biodiversity in the cultural Absheron flora and ways of sustainable use of plant increse and history of the Azerbaijan People are very big. resources. That is why collection, study and pass the biodiversity to 188 varieties belonged to 63 genera of useful and food the future generation through its concervation and plants and plants of economical significance in the Absheron Area have been identified by the updated methods and protection is very necessary. To extend international co - scientific expeditions. operation in the biodiversity protection field the Areal of the plants used on food and medicinal purposes as Azerbaijan Republic has joined to the “Convention on well as ways of sust ainable use were investigated. An action Biological Diversity” of the UNO in 2000. Implement the plan for protection of rare and threatened varieties (16 undertaken obligations of the Country i.a.w.the genera; 18 varieties) has been developed. Convention on the base of the Resolution №848 of December 21 2001 of the President of the Azerbaijan Keywords – Food and Medicinal Plants, R are and Republic a State Commission for GenRes of the Threatened Species, Absheron, Azerbaijan Republic. BioDiversity has been created to execqute complex arrangements for preventing threa t of disappearance of I. INTRODUCTION genetic resources of plants, animals and microorganizms. To provide co-ordination of activities on the field of plant One of the main natural resources of the Azerbaijan genetic resources a National Council for Plant GenRes has Republic is its rich flora. And one of the urgent problems been created by the Commission in 2000. National Action of the biosphera study is investigation of the flora Pl an for Environment Protection, National Programme genepool. One of the leading directions in this field is “On the Ecologically Stable Social and Economical study a nd protection of flora genepool especially rare and Development”, The Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on threatened species. At present there are 450 rare and the Natural Territories and Objects of Special Protection, threatened species in our flora. 30 species of them have National Strategy & Action Plan for Protectio n and lost, 70 species are threatened, 230 species are rare and Sustainable Use of BioDiversity in the Azerbaijan 100 species are of areal getting less. Republic and other state programmes are being adopted Recently according to the information of the scientific and carried out [National Investigation for BioDiversity of expeditions 20% id.est. 800 species of the Azerbaijan flora the Azerbaijan Republic, 2004; National Strategy and need protection currently. In other word, many rare and Action Plan for Protection and Su stainable Use of threatened species genepool hasn’t been attracted on the BioDiversity in the Azerbaijan Republic, 2006]. Proposals pages of the Red Book of Azerbaijan issued in its time. and recommendations provided by us in the Working The majority of plant species existed in all over the Group established for higher plants have been attracted to world that occupy an extended area in natural area implement all of these; high risk regions for genetic complexes in our Republic has been developed. Existance resources of plant diversity and ecosystems with ritch of flora elements of different sources, resulting of vegetation cover have been defined and evaluated. subject ion to ancient freezing process of certain areas, as This problem is also actual because influence of well as such reasons resulted remain of more endemic anthropogenic factors and global ecological changes that (met only in Azerbaijan) and much more relict (ancient) cause a threat to biodiversities durind the last tenth of plants. As many of them have remained in small sites and year s has more increased; biodiversity sharply began to have got a small areal their genepool urgently need decrease through the degradation of ecosystems; many protection. On the result of the economical activities valuable species have lost or subjected to to threat. without any system areals of tenth of such species are gradually getting decreased. II. MATERIAL AND METHODS During last several decades the process got strengthened; not only separate plant species but even There are various methods on the researches of flora many vegetation groups were destroied for sowig area , and vegetation cover including useful plants [Grossheym, tillage, exessive pasture and other reasons that have 1946; 1952; Ipatyev, 1966]. Morphological, taxonomic, resulted genepool’s getting poor . All of these require a floristic, geobotanical, bioecological and other methods serious approach to study of the problem systematically have been comparatively used durin g search of these ones and scientific-based. Copyright © 201 4 IJAIR, All right reserved 567 International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research Volume 2, Issue 4, ISSN (Online) 2319 -1473 [Beydeman, 1954; Ilyin, 1948; Serebryakov, 1964]. Areals Representatives of the Poaceae Family as: Avena , and growing environment of the species have been Hordeum leporinum Link, Stipa , Agropyron Gaertn. and identified by the expeditions arranged on different routines some representatives of the Chenopodiaceae Family as: of the Absheron Region of Azerbaijan; their herbaries and Atriplex L., Petrosimonia Bunge.etc.as well as seed mat erial were collected; photographies of the plants Glycyrrhiza and others have been spread around the Zira were taken and data about their growing condition were Settlement. registered; all species were analysed in comparision with Agropyron , Aegilops , Avena , Allium , Euphorbia and floras [Conspects of the Caucasus flora, 2003-2006]. other populations were r egistered nearby the olive gardens The Red List was used, new data about rare and opposite to military division in the Gala Settlement and threatened species have been acquired [Red Book of the around it. Azerbaijan SSR, 1989; Rare and threatened species of Alopecurus L., Trifolium L., Aegilops , Euphorbia , flora of the USSR..., 1981]. Bromus L., Alhagi , jungle of licorice Glycyrrhiza and etc.are met around the Turkan Settlement. III. DISCUSSION Repre sentatives of the Chenopodiaceae Family, aromatic estragon Achillea , Bifora , Alhagi , Cirsium Hill in One of the general problems of Study of the the Hovsan Settlement and in the surrounding it vegetation BioDiversity is ethnocharaceric analysis and pr otection of cover and jungles of Tamarix , Cane and Carex L. exist in the useful resources of the flora. Related to it expedition the seashore marsh lands. routines for use of plants have been defined around the Generally, du ring the investigation the followings were region on the following purposes: identification of areals observed: vegetation cover was very week; getting deseart of important food plants and plants of economical and salination processes were intensive; negative effect of significance in the research area; acquisition of seeds and zoogenic and antropogenic factors were strong. herbaria of those plants at the same time acquisition of Afterwards, on the 3-rd routineinvestigation ac tivities materials concerning to the use of these plants together were carried out in the Binagadi, Mehtiabad and Fatmai with the local people. Settlements as well as around the Masazyr Lake in August • Baku-Hovsan, Turkan, Gala and Zira Settlements; 3. • Baku-Garadagh-Gobustan, along the Seashore; Various cearials as: wheat, barley Hordeum , Avena and • Baku-Binagadi, Mehtiabad, Fatmai, Masazyr, Medicago populations have been registered by the road Khyrdalan; near the Binagadi Village. At the same time Hordeum • Baku-Sabunchi, Zabrat, Pirshagha and Goradil; leporinum , Plantago , Convolvulus, Cichorium, • Baku-Bina-Mardakan, Shuvalan. Polygonum, Atriplex, Lolium L. and others originate On the 1-st routine semidesert vegetation around the cenose in the territory. Gobustan State Preservation, its phytocenoses, families, Semi-deseart vegetation as: estragon , Alhagi , endemic genera, species and varieties were analysed in May 20 for Azerbaijan Astragalus igniarus, Festuca , and other 2010. Plants belonged to Chen оpodiaceae Vent. Family: plants as: Medicago , Aegilops , Teucrium are met in the Salsola L., Alhagi Hill, Artemisia L. species are of Mehtiabad area. preference from the vegetation point of view. Heratsium Herbarium samples have been taken from a natural of the Compositae Family is met with seldom flowers. vegetation cover remained in a small area in the Fatmai Sampls of herbarium and seed have been taken from the Settlement (around the Fatmai Lake). The area is under a research area: especially fig tree, following grass-plants strong anropogenic effect. The plants originating general as: Aegilops L., Teucrium L., Ephedra L., Stipa L., backgound