Graduation Project report II An-Najah National University Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology Department of Building Engineering Twisted offices tower Prepared by: Abdelrahman Ammar Ahmad Shoman Mohammad Kassab Fakher Fawzy Supervisor: Arc.Muyad Salhab 4/5/2016 Dedicate a graduation project for those who have given me what they can to get me to this place, Those I will not be able to give them their right whatever I presented to them. May God prolong age mom and dad to see fruit picking has come after a long wait, and your words will remain guided me as stars for today and tomorrow and forever 1 | P a g e اﻹهداء (قل إعملوا فسيرى هللا عملكم ورسوله والمؤمنون) صدق هللا العظيم إلى من كلله هللا بالهيبة والوقار، إلى من علمني العطاء بدون انتظار، إلى من أحمل أسمه بكل افتخار ... والدي العزيز إلى معنى الحب وإلى معنى الحنان والتفاني ، إلى بسمة الحياة وسر الوجود إلى من كان دعائها سر نجاحي وحنانها بلسم جراحي أمي الحبيبة... .إلى من يحملون في عيونهم ذكريات طفولتي وشبابي .. اخوتي واخواتي . إلى عنوان اﻹبداع .. لك كل معاني المديح بعدد قصائد الشعراء ... المهندس مؤيد سلهب .إلى كل من أشعل شمعة في دروب عملنا .. إلى من وقف على المنابر وأعطى من حصيلة فكره لينير دربنا .. دكاترة قسمي إلى اﻷخوة الﻻئي لم تلدهم أمي .. إلى من تحلو باﻹخاء وتميزوا بالوفاء والعطاء إلى من .معهم سعدت ، وبرفقتهم في دروب الحياة الحلوة والحزينة سرت ... الزمﻻء والزميﻻت إلى من هم اكرم منا مكانة ..شهداء فلسطين إلى من ضحوا بحريتهم من أ جل حرية غيرهم .. اسرانا البواسل نهدي هذا العمل 2 | P a g e This research project would not have been possible without the support of many people. We are very grateful to our research supervisor Arc.Muayad Salhab who without his help, guidance and instructions this project wouldn`t have been completed. We also would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr.Monther Dwaikat , Dr.Motasem Baba , Eng.fadi Fatayer , Dr.Muhanad AL-hag Hussin , Eng.Ibraheem erman , Eng.Rema Nassar as they gave us part of their knowledge and expert to expand our idea of the project and apply this information in project to make it stronger and serviceable. Finally, we want to show our gratitude and deep appreciation to our families and friends . 3 | P a g e This report was written by student(s) at the Building Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, An-Najah National University. It has not been altered or corrected, other than editorial corrections, as a result of assessment and it may contain language as well as content errors. The views expressed in it together with any outcomes and recommendations are solely those of the student(s). An-Najah National University accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequences of this report being used for a purpose other than the purpose for which it was commissioned. 4 | P a g e Table of Contents اﻹهداء Chapter 1 : 1.1. Statement of the problem .....................................................................................................18 1.2. Objectives of the work ..........................................................................................................18 1.3. Scope of the work .................................................................................................................18 1.4. Significance or importance ...................................................................................................18 1.5. Organization of the report ...................................................................................................19 1.6. Standard /codes ....................................................................................................................19 1.6.1. Constrains: ....................................................................................................................................19 1.6.2. Codes and requirements: ................................................................................................................19 1.6.3. Earlier coarse work : ......................................................................................................................20 Chapter 2 : 2.1. Architectural design .............................................................................................................22 2.1.1. Introduction : .................................................................................................................................22 2.1.2. Spaces : .........................................................................................................................................23 2.2. Environmental design...........................................................................................................24 2.2.1. Climate and Passive Solar : ............................................................................................................24 2.2.2. Sun path diagram: ..........................................................................................................................24 2.2.3. Building Orientation: .....................................................................................................................26 2.2.4. Acoustics : .....................................................................................................................................27 2.2.5.natural lighting (Daylight ) : ...........................................................................................................28 2.2.6.Ventilation: ....................................................................................................................................30 2.3. Structural design ..................................................................................................................32 2.3.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................32 2.3.2. Objectives of structural design : .....................................................................................................33 2.3.3. Main Structural materials: .............................................................................................................33 2.3.4. Structural Elements of Buildings:...................................................................................................34 2.3.5. Loads ............................................................................................................................................41 2.4. Electrical Design : .................................................................................................................43 2.4.1. Artificial lighting:(6) .......................................................................................................................43 2.4.2. Sockets : ........................................................................................................................................52 5 | P a g e 2.5. Mechanical Design : ............................................................................................................53 2.5.1. Introduction : .................................................................................................................................53 2.5.2. HVAC Systems : ..............................................................................................................................53 2.5.3. Elevators : .....................................................................................................................................54 2.5.4. Sanitation system : ........................................................................................................................56 2.6. Safety System : .....................................................................................................................60 2.6.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................60 2.6.2. The safety systems component : .....................................................................................................60 2.7. Case study (20) ........................................................................................................................62 Chapter 3 : 3.1. Architectural design .............................................................................................................73 3.1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................73 3.1.2 Site Properties ................................................................................................................................73 3.1.3. Site analysis ..................................................................................................................................75 3.1.4. Methodology .................................................................................................................................78 3.2.Environmental design............................................................................................................92 3.2.1.Introductin ......................................................................................................................................92 3.2.2. Heating design ...............................................................................................................................93 3.2.3. Cooling design ...............................................................................................................................96 3.2.4. Simulation .....................................................................................................................................97