Wampum Belts Messages Coded in Symbolism History Renewed Through Reproductions Bear Image courtesy Maxim (yedraw.com) modified with wampum belt by R.D. Hamell Richard David Hamell Dec. 16, 2016 1 Table of Contents THE AUTHOR....................................................................................................................5 REPATRIATION WAMPUM BELTS............................................................................7 HISTORY OF WAMPUM................................................................................................9 EXPLANATION OF PLATES.......................................................................................13 ABENAKI TWO PERSONS BELT...............................................................................14 ALGONQUIAN – IROQUOIS PEACE BELT.............................................................15 ALGONQUIAN PROMISE BELT................................................................................16 ANNUAL PRESENTS BELT.........................................................................................18 ANTLERS OF THE CHIEFS BELT.............................................................................19 BATTLE FALLEN TIMBERS BELT...........................................................................20 BLACK SNAKE BELT...................................................................................................22 BLACKSNAKE’S CONDOLENCE BELT..................................................................23 CABINS OF THE CONFEDERACY BELT................................................................24 CALDWELL BELT........................................................................................................26 CANANDAIGUA TREATY (1794)...............................................................................28 CAUGHNAWAGA (ST. REGIS)...................................................................................30 CHAMPLAIN BELT.......................................................................................................31 CHILD BELT...................................................................................................................32 CHIEF CONDOLENCE BELT.....................................................................................33 CLANS UNITY................................................................................................................34 CLEANSING THE WAR BELT 1818...........................................................................35 CORNPLANTER’S CONDOLENCE BELT................................................................37 COUNCIL SUMMONS BELT.......................................................................................38 DARK DOORWAY BELT.............................................................................................39 DELAWARE LAND BELT............................................................................................40 DELAWARE: TEEDYUSCUNG BELT.......................................................................42 DELAWARE WILLIAM PENN 1682 BELT...............................................................45 DELAWARE PENN ROM BELT.................................................................................47 DETROIT BELT.............................................................................................................49 DISH WITH ONE SPOON BELT.................................................................................51 DONEHOGAWAH WAR BELT...................................................................................54 DOUBLE CALUMET HURON.....................................................................................56 DOUW-TEN EYCK CONDOLENCE BELT...............................................................58 DUST (WING) FAN........................................................................................................59 FIRST WHITE MAN SIGHTING.................................................................................60 FIVE NATIONS ALLIANCE........................................................................................62 FIVE NATIONS WAR BELT........................................................................................63 FORT NIAGARA SIEGE BELT...................................................................................64 FORT NIAGARA TREATY 1764 BELT......................................................................66 FORT STANWIX TREATY BELT...............................................................................68 FOUR FORT BELT........................................................................................................70 FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR PEACE BELT............................................................71 GOVERNOR DENNEY INVITATION BELT.............................................................72 GR COVENANT CHAIN BELT...................................................................................74 GREAT PEACE BELT 1701..........................................................................................75 2 GREAT BRITAIN- IROQUOIS -ALLIANCE.............................................................77 GREAT WHITE BELT..................................................................................................78 GREAT WHITE MAT....................................................................................................79 GREENVILLE TREATY 1795......................................................................................80 GYANTWAKA TREATY BELT...................................................................................82 HOSPITALITY................................................................................................................86 HUDSON BAY BELT.....................................................................................................87 HURON ALLIANCE......................................................................................................89 HURON – WENDAT (1701)...........................................................................................90 HURON FOUR WARRIOR BELT...............................................................................92 HURON 8 NATIONS WAR AND PEACE BELTS.....................................................94 IROQUOIS – ALGONQUIN WAR BELT...................................................................96 IROQUOIS – ALGONQUIN BELT..............................................................................97 IROQUOIS FIVE FIGURES BELT..............................................................................98 IROQUOIS 14 DIAMOND BELT...............................................................................100 IROQUOIS SUN BELT................................................................................................101 IROQUOIS TURTLE POUCH BELT........................................................................102 JAY TREATY BELT....................................................................................................104 JOHNSON DISH BELT................................................................................................106 KING HENDRICK BELT............................................................................................107 MOHAWK LANGUAGE RENEWAL BELT............................................................110 MOHAWK TWO DOG CHRISTIAN BELT.............................................................111 NEWTOWN POINT BELT 1791.................................................................................115 OLD FORT BELT.........................................................................................................117 ONEIDA BELT..............................................................................................................118 ONONDAGA ALLIANCE BELT................................................................................119 PENOBSCOT-ONONDAGA........................................................................................121 PONTIAC 1766 BELT..................................................................................................124 RED JACKET BELT....................................................................................................125 REMEMBRANCE BELT.............................................................................................128 SENECA CROSS BELT...............................................................................................130 SENECA MA 22/4242 BELT........................................................................................131 SENECA UMP BELT...................................................................................................132 SEVEN TURTLES BELT.............................................................................................133 SIX NATIONS BELT....................................................................................................134 TADADAHO BELT......................................................................................................135 TECUMSEH GREAT PEACE BELT.........................................................................136 TREATY OF SHACKAMAXON................................................................................137 TURTLE POUCH BELT..............................................................................................139 TUSCARORA LAND HOLLAND BELT...................................................................141 TUSCARORA RETURN BELT..................................................................................142