International Journal of Advanced Innovative Technology in Engineering (IJAITE), Vol. 1, Special Issue 2, July-2016 ISSN: 2455-6491 “TO STUDY OF NOVEL TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS OF DATA RECOVERY” 1POONAM MALODE PG Department of Computer Science & Technology, HVPM, Amravati, India [email protected] 2DR. S. E. YEDEY PG Department of Computer Science & Technology, HVPM, Amravati, India [email protected] ABSTRACT: Data recovery is a process of recovering inaccessible data from corrupted or damaged secondary storage, removable media or files, when the data which is stored cannot be accessed in a simple way. The data is most often recovered from storage media such as internal or external hard disk drives, solid-state drives, USB flash drives, magnetic tapes, CDs, DVDs, RAID subsystems, and other electronic devices. Recovery is needed because of physical damage to the storage device or logical damage to the file system that prevents it from being mounted by the host operating system. And to get recovery of get there are certain techniques used. So, in this paper we are discussing the various techniques of data recovery. Keywords: secondary storage, removable media, data recovery. 1. INTRODUCTION 2.2 Fragmentation Data recovery is the technique of restoring data that has When the FAT entry is lost during accidental file been lost, unfortunately deleted, corrupted or made deletion, formatting or partition deletion that particular inaccessible for any reason. The data recovery process may block of hard drive becomes inaccessible. Some data vary, depending on the circumstances of the data loss, the recovery software makes an attempt to rebuild the files data recovery software used to create the backup, and the without a FAT entry. This technique is very efficient if the backup target media. For example, many desktop and laptop file size is smaller than the clusters size. But it is inefficient backup software platforms allow end users to restore lost in recovery the larger files. files themselves, while restoration of a corrupted database from a tape backup is a more complicated process that 2.3 Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) requires IT intervention. Data recovery can also be provided as service. Such services are typically used to retrieve important files that were not backed up and accidentally A technique that is used to image and measure deleted from a computer's file system but still remain on surfaces at the atomic level. Scans an atomically sharp disk in fragments. probe over a surface which produces a 3D topographic image of the surface at the atomic scale. 2. DATA RECOVERY TECHNIQUES 2.4 MFM (Magnetic Force Microscopy) Now number of data recovery techniques has been proposed. Following are the few techniques to describe. Every file on a computer, even the deleted ones, is identified by a record in a table called the Master File Table or MFT. A files MFT record tells the computer the name of 2.1 Logical data recovery the file and also the location on the disk where the file is stored. Recover My Files reads these MFT records to find In this technique new clone drive has been created, and recover deleted or lost files. In some circumstances the it is suitable to attempt the retrieval of lost data. If the drive MFT records can become corrupt or destroyed. In this has failed logically, there are a number of reasons for situation Windows has no reference information to locate failure. Using the clone it may be possible to repair the the deleted or lost files, however, Recover My Files can partition table, Memory Buffer Register and Managed File look for and find user specified file types by scanning the Transfer in order to read the file system's data structure and storage media and looking for a files unique structure, that retrieve stored data.In a data loss situation when the hard is, it’s unique header, content and footer. MFM is the latest drive is perfectly fine and the BIOS recognizes the hard technique that uses a sharp tip attached to a flexible drive but reports a read error, logical data recovery cantilever placed close to the surface of the damaged device technique is very helpful. Here the files that are damaged or where it interacts with the stray magnetic field. While the tip corrupted by any user error or virus attack are rebuilt rather is moving across the magnetic device, it is evaluated to than repairing the hard drive. detect the lost data. The technique turns out each track that Copy Right to GARPH Page 81 International Journal of Advanced Innovative Technology in Engineering (IJAITE), Vol. 1, Special Issue 2, July-2016 ISSN: 2455-6491 contains an image of everything ever written to it, and available, it can provide previews image files available for finally recovers the lost data. recovery. Recuva also includes a tool to securely wipe files you find, handy if you're attempting a file recovery just to MFM (Magnetic Force Microscopy) is a new ensure the files are actually dead and gone. technique which images the spatial variation of magnetic forces on a sample surface. 3.3 PhotoRec MFM is derived from scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and uses a sharp magnetic tip attached to a PhotoRec is a companion program to TestDisk, flexible cantilever for analysis. also included in this Hive Five. Like TestDisk, this app is also devoid of a GUI, but likewise is quite powerful at file 2.5 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) recovery. We're including PhotoRec independently of TestDisk because many users distinctly prefer PhotoRec as STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscopy) is a more a safer alternative when deep disk recovery isn't necessary. recent variation of MFM which uses a probe tip typically This recovery tool won't mess with your partitions or help made by plating nickel onto a pre-patterned surface.The you rebuild your master boot record; it will, however, dive probe is scanned across the surface that is to be analyzed. into your disks in a safe, read-only mode and ignore STM measures a weak electrical current flowing between partitions and file systems in an effort to seek out your the tip and the sample. The image is then generated in the missing files. PhotoRec focuses on file types, is operating- same way as MFM. system agnostic, and despite its name, isn't relegated to just photos. Overall, PhotoRec is a powerful tool for quickly and safely copying your deleted files to another disk. 3. DATA RECOVERY TOOLS 3.4 Restoration Today there are various data recovery tools available in market. We describe the some data recovery tools. Restoration is a tiny, no-frills, portable recovery software tool. It lacks some of the advanced functionality of 3.1 TestDisk other nominees but does have basic file-name search and the ability to sort by file parameters such as size and filename. TestDisk is a powerful open-source software tool Despite its tiny size, it performed just as well as the other for recovering your data. TestDisk recovers the file like nominees when tasked with restoring files from our test undeleted or accidentally deleted files from FAT, NTFS, disks. Restoration weighs in at a mere 406k and would and ext2 file systems. With the help of TestDisk you can make a great addition to any Windows-based USB toolkit. recover your boot sector from a backup, rebuild your boot sector, fix FAT tables, fix your MFT, locate the ext2/ext3 3.5 Undelete Plus backup SuperBlock, copy deleted files from partitions to recovery media, and find lost partitions in dozens of formats to help you locate your lost data. TestDisk is a command Undelete Plus used to be commercial software but line tool. has gone on a lengthy "limited time offer" freeware run. This file recovery app works on all versions of Windows and incarnations of the FAT and NTFS file systems. Like 3.2 Recuva Recuva, Undelete Plus assigns a recovery probability to files it finds based on how damaged the file is. You can sort files Recuva is a user-friendly Windows-based tool. by type, set filters based on time and size to avoid sifting When you run Recuva, you can resurrect missing files using through every deleted file on your disk, and keep folder either the file-recovery wizard or the application's manual structures intact when you perform your recovery. mode. The file-recovery wizard is handy when you're sure your data is gone but you're not quite sure where it went or 3.6 Disk Drill how to get it back. The wizard lets you narrow your search type to pictures, music, documents, video, or all files, and Disk Drill is an excellent free data recovery you can set the search location to everywhere on your program not only because of its features but also due to computer, removable media only, in My Documents, the the very simple design, making it almost impossible to get Recycle Bin, or a specified location. If you don't need the confused. The Disk Drill website says it can recover data wizard you can jump right into manual mode and get to from "virtually any storage device," such as internal and work searching where you know the file should be. Recuva external hard drives, USB devices, memory cards, and uses a green/yellow/red light system to indicate how iPods. Disk Drill can also preview image files before probable the recovery of your files will be, and when recovering them, pause scans and resume them later, Copy Right to GARPH Page 82 International Journal of Advanced Innovative Technology in Engineering (IJAITE), Vol.