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E3&6!,-,#%V6!-&'!&6!.0!%#H#1&/#!-/H!,%0$#!.3#!#`&6.#/2#!01!.3#!.%-2#6!01!5%#4#%V6!H#6&:/!&/!.3#!20/.#',0%-%8!-%23&.#2.4%#!&/!.3#! 20/.#`.! 01! '0H#%/&6'I! (/! .3&6! 20/.#`.<! .3#! ,-,#%V6! ,%#1#%%#H! '#.30H! &6! .0! 1&/H! 04.! .3#! &/1D4#/2#6! 01! 5-43-46! 62300D! &/! 5%#4#%V6! H#6&:/! 20/2#,.6<! .0! '-B#! -! 20',-%&60/! C#.X##/! .3#! .%-H&.&0/-D! -/H! '0H#%/! -%23&.#2.4%#<! .0! -/-D8[#! 5%#4#%V6! :#0'#.%&2-D! -,,D&2-.&0/! '#.30H0D0:&#6! -/H! .0! H&620$#%! .3#! 20//#2.&0/6! C#.X##/! 5%#4#%! -/H! .3#! 20/.#',0%-%8! -%23&.#2.6! %#:-%H&/:!!'0H#%/!H#6&:/!.3#0%&#6I 1. Introduction: Bauhaus Influence on Breuer’s Design c/#!01!.3#!'06.!&/1D4#/.&-D!-%23&.#2.6!-/H!H#6&:/#%6!01!.3#!PO.3!9#/.4%8<!K-%2#D!d-a06!5%#4#%Q!d-aBe! .0!3&6!1%&#/H6!Q!X-6!C0%/!&/!fg26<!b4/:-%8<!&/!MNOPI!W%46.%-.#H!C8!.3#!204%6#!&/!1&/#!-%.6!&/!h&#//-<! 5%#4#%! H%0,,#H! 04.! -/H! 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'-.#%&-DD8! 1%0'! .3#! 2%-1.6!.0!'0H#%/!.#23/0D0:8I!E3#!20/2#,.!X-6!.0!.%-&/!-!/#X!B&/H!01!-%.&6.G.#23/&2&-/<!X30!&6!2-,-CD#! 207 I¸sikkaya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i#&'-%!L-/H<! D-.#%! &/! "#66-4S<! U#%'-/8I! b#! '-H#! 6#$#%-D! 20/.%&C4.&0/6! .0! .3#! '0H#%/! '0$#'#/.! X&.3! 3&6! 20DD#-:4#6! C8! #`,D0%&/:! .3#! ,%&/2&,D#6! 01! 4/&.! 20/6.%42.&0/! L20'C&/&/:! 6.-/H-%H&[#H! 4/&.6! &/.0! -! .#23/0D0:&2-DD8!6&',D#!C4.!14/2.&0/-DD8!20',D#`!X30D#SI!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Figure 1:!Is this a façade, a painting, a sculpture or a furniture? (Bauhaus production)! ! 5%#4#%!H#6&:/#H<!.3#!-D4'&/&4'<!/&2B#DG,D-.#H!%#-H8G'-H#!.4C4D-%!6.##D!-/H!,D8X00H!,&#2#6!&/2D4H&/:! &//0$-.&$#!14%/&.4%#<!6423!-6!i-66&D8!23-&%<!j0'-/.&2!23-&%!-/H!/0.-CD8!.3#!i00HG6D-.!23-&%<!4/H#%! &/1D4#/2#6!C8!.3#!-C6.%-2.!-#6.3#.&2!01!"#!;.&aD<!.3#!"4.23!-%.!'0$#'#/.!-.!.3#!5-43-46!&/!MNPOV6!&/! U#%'-/8I!*DD!.3#6#!0Ca#2.6!-%#!6.&DD!1-C%&2-.#H!-/H!#'4D-.#H!.0H-8!-/H!%#:-%H#H!-6!D-/H'-%B6!&/!PO.3! 2#/.4%8!14%/&.4%#!H#6&:/<!X3&23!-D60!'-H#!5%#4#%!C#6.!B/0X/!-6!0/#!01!.3#!#-%D8!PO.3!2#/.4%8V6!'06.! &/1D4#/.&-D!14%/&.4%#!H#6&:/#%6I!*220%H&/:D8<!.3#!5-43-46!62300D!C#2-'#!.3#!'06.!&',0%.-/.!2#/.#%!01! '0H#%/!-%.!&/!,06.X-%!F4%0,#<!#`,D0%#H!.3#!%38.3'6!-/H!,-..#%/6!01!'-66!,%0H42.&0/!&/H46.%8!-/H!&.6! '-23&/#!-#6.3#.&2!0,#/#H!4,!/#X!$&6.-6!&/!-D'06.!-/8!1&#DH!Q!1%0'!,-&/.&/:!.0!C-DD#.!]P^I! ! ! ! Figure 2:!A traditional Gaudi chair in chaotic, unique, unrealistic, geometrical order(left side), in contrary, a - modern Breuer chair in hierarchic, realistic geometrical order for mass production ! ! *1.#%! MNPR<! 5%#4#%k6! &/.#%#6.! .4%/#H! .0! -%23&.#2.4%#<! -! 2-%##%! 3#! ,4%64#H! -2%066! F4%0,#! .0! *'#%&2-! X3&23!,%02#66!&6!H#62%&C#H!C8!]M^!-6!-/!&/20',D#.#!.%-/610%'-.&0/!01!.3#!&/3#%&.-/2#!1%0'!14%/&.4%#! H#6&:/!&/.0!-%23&.#2.4%-D!62-D#I! b#! D#1.! U#%'-/8! &/! MNl\! -/H! a0&/#H! U%0,&46<! '0$#H! .0! 7;! &/! MNlT! -/H! C#2-'#! ,%01#660%! -.! .3#! b-%$-%H!;2300D!01!"#6&:/I!E0:#.3#%!.3#8!10%'#H!-/!-%23&.#2.4%-D!,%-2.&2#!-/H!H#6&:/#H!'06.D8!.X0! 6.0%#8!$&DD-6!-.!.3#!#-6.!20-6.!C#.X##/!MNlT!Q!?M!&/!7/&.#H!;.-.#6I!"4%&/:!.3-.!.&'#<!.3#!804/:!5%#4#%! ! 208 Early Modern Art Layouts in Breuer's Design X-6!#/.346&-6.&2!-C04.!.3#!#`,#%&'#/.-D!,066&C&D&.&#6!01!3046&/:!H#6&:/!-/H!.#-23&/:!-.!.3#!6-'#!.&'#! X3&23!3#!-H$02-.#H!.3#!,%&/2&,D#6!01!'0H#%/&6'!.0!6.4H#/.6!&/2D4H&/:!f3&D&,!m03/60/<!f-4D!j4H0D,3! -/H!FHX-%H!dI!5-%/#6<!-DD!01!X30'!D-.#%!C#2-'#!,%0'&/#/.!7;!-%23&.#2.6I! (/!MN?A<!5%#4#%!D#1.!b-%$-%H!-/H!#6.-CD&63#H!-!H#6&:/!011&2#!&/!=#X!+0%B!X&.3!3&6!1&%6.!,-%./#%<!.3#! &/H46.%&-D! H#6&:/#%! FD&0.! =08#6I! U#DD#%! b046#! 0/! d0/:! (6D-/H! X-6! 3&6! 1&%6.! ,%0a#2.! -1.#%! .3#! 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