150 Year Gold Timeline (1829 – 1970’s) Teacher Resource The following timeline is a summary of information from the Heart of Gold Australia app, plus other key dates, ordered chronologically for your reference. Year Person/Organisation Event Importance 1829 British Government Arrival of the First Start of Swan Fleet River Colony 1836 Governor James Old Court House built A place where Stirling and engineer criminal and civil Henry Willey Reveley cases were heard to help keep peace in the colony 1856 Queen Victoria Proclaimed Perth as a Governed by its city own council 1876 Sir Charles ‘Scruffy’ Moved from London Supplied gold McNess to Perth prospecting equipment and later helped developed Perth city 1885 Charlie Hall Finds 870g nugget in Contestable first Halls Creek noteworthy gold find in state 1890-1895 Sir William Cleaver Appointed by British Selected John Francis Robinson Government as Forrest as Governor of Western Premer of Australia Western Australia 1890 John Forrest Becomes Premier of The first premier (1890-1901) Western Australia of WA Keen to address colony’s urgent needs including harbour, pipeline and railway for gold industry 1892 Arthur Bayley and Carries 540ounces First noteworthy William Ford (over 15kg) of gold gold find in the to Southern Cross state, Fly Flat Bank Coolgardie 1892 Paddy Hannan Discovers gold 40km Named “The east of Coolgardie Golden Mile” which later becomes Kalgoorlie Gold Rush starts The #heartofgold Discovery Trail is a community initiative of the Gold Industry Group P: +61 8 6314 6333 E: [email protected] W: goldindustrygroup.com.au 1892 Clara Saunders Arrived in WA Nursing miners Goldfields who were sick with dysentery 1892 Government Passed law Married women could own property and therefore mining leases etc. 1892 William G. Brookman Recovering from Bought Bankruptcy moved goldmines, from SA to WA directed 30 mining companies, became a millionaire, invested in realestate. 1892-1900 Immigration The population Gold Rush increased from increases wealth, 59,000 to 180,000 services, buildings, impact on aboriginal communities, impact on environment 1886-1900 Export 88% of WA’s export Helped build income attributed to Australia’s gold economy 1894 Clara Saunders Married wearing a First settler brooch given to her woman to be by Paddy Hannan married in Coolgardie 1896 Western Australian Train line from Perth Travel changed Government Railways to Coolgardie opens from walking, with Engineer-in-Chief horse or camel- C.Y. O’Connor train to a faster and safer mode of transport Made the goldfields area more accessible 1897 Sir Charles ‘Scruffy’ Built McNess Royal First shopping McNess Arcade arcade in Perth 1897 Premier John Forrest Inner Harbour of Ability to with Engineer-in-Chief Fremantle Port opens increase the C.Y. O’Connor exports from Western Australia, including gold 1899 Britain’s Royal Mint The Perth Mint was A place to designed by George established deposit gold, Temple Poole The #heartofgold Discovery Trail is a community initiative of the Gold Industry Group P: +61 8 6314 6333 E: [email protected] W: goldindustrygroup.com.au refine gold and make coins Miners could exchange gold for coins to buy goods 1899 Government Passed a Law Women in WA were given the right to vote 1900 William G. Brookman Elected Mayor of Spokesman for Perth the mining industry 1901 John Forrest Last year as the Many miners Premier of WA viewed him as unsympathetic to their interests 1901 Sir Edmund Barton Elected as first Prime Separate colonies Minister of Australia agreed to unite as the Federation of Commonwealth Australia of Australia. Constitution of Australia written. 1901 William G. Brookman Built Bon Marche Development of Arcade buildings in Perth city 1903 CY O’Connor Pipeline finished 557km long pipeline (largest pipeline ever) Water now provided to Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie making safer working and living conditions 1903 Governor, Sir Frederick Supreme Court was Ability to deal Bedford and Chief built with a greater Justice, Sir Edward number of crimes Stone and disputes to keep peace in a larger town 1914-1918 Government of World War 1 Goldfields diggers Australia with British left to become allies wartime ‘diggers’ Downturn in gold industry 1921 Rodolphe Samuel Established Mount Over the next 50 Schenk Margaret Mission years the mission impacted upon the lives of many The #heartofgold Discovery Trail is a community initiative of the Gold Industry Group P: +61 8 6314 6333 E: [email protected] W: goldindustrygroup.com.au Aboriginal people through part of the Stolen Generation. 1925 General Post Office Point Zero marker: Consistency in Distances to Perth mapping and measured from this distance point calculation and communication 1929 Australia Start of Great Low production Depression of gold, only 4,000 employed in industry 1931 Jim Larcombe 60 pound ‘Golden Reinvigorate Eagle’ nugget found search for gold 1930s Gold Industry Gold Industry Doubling of gold recovers prices and increase in foreign investment, jobs available in Kalgoorlie 1937 Claude de Bernales Built London Court 1939-1945 Government of World War II Downturn in gold Australia with British industry allies 1960-1970 Government of Decade of Mineral Major changes in Western Australia Expansion Mining Industry 1971 Paul Ritter Designs Ore Obelisk Celebrating mineral expansion 1975 Government Racial Discrimination The first time Act passed Aboriginal people were recognised as equal under Australian law 1998 Government of Kangaroo statues in Celebrating Western Australia and Perth City Australian City of Perth landscape and ecology The #heartofgold Discovery Trail is a community initiative of the Gold Industry Group P: +61 8 6314 6333 E: [email protected] W: goldindustrygroup.com.au Heart of Gold Lesson Plan Year 5 Lesson 1 Walking in their Footsteps Curriculum Links: (ACHASSI094) / Year 5 / HASS / Inquiry Skills / Questioning (ACHASSI095) (ACHASSI097) / Year 5 / HASS / Inquiry Skills / Researching (ACHASSI102) / Year 5 / HASS / Inquiry Skills / Evaluating and reflecting (ACHASSK108) (ACHASSK107) / Year 5 / HASS / Knowledge and Understanding / History (ACMNA291) / Year 5 / Mathematics / Number and Algebra / Number and Place Value (ACMNA105) / Year 5 / Mathematics / Number and Algebra / Fractions and Decimals (ACMMG108) / Year 5 / Mathematics / Measurement and Geometry / Using units of measurement (ACMSP118) (ACMSP120) / Year 5 / Mathematics / Statistics and Probability / Data representation and interpretation Objective: 1. Develop appropriate questions to guide an inquiry about people, events, developments, places, systems and challenges 2. Locate and collect relevant information and data from primary sources and secondary sources 3. Work in groups to generate responses to issues and challenges 4. Explore the impact of a significant development or event on an Australian colony 5. Use efficient mental and written strategies and apply appropriate digital technologies to solve problems 6. Compare, order and represent decimals and choose appropriate units of measurement for length 7. Pose questions and collect categorical or numerical data by observation or survey 8. Make connections between their personal journey and the journey of those travelling to the Goldfields Materials and Resources: • Heart of Gold Discovery Trail digital resource – Heart of Gold Australia app • Supporting resources o Google maps • Students workbooks/collaborative notetaking paper for brainstorming • Access to research tools, computers, ipads etc • Data collected from student’s Fitbits/fitness tools or parent/teacher’s mobile devices Health App The #heartofgold Discovery Trail is a community initiative of the Gold Industry Group P: +61 8 6314 6333 E: [email protected] W: goldindustrygroup.com.au Introduction: 1. Gather students together. 2. Briefly revisit the group’s favourite elements of the Heart of Gold Discovery Trail and begin to record their answers on the whiteboard as a brainstorm. (Attempt to place the elements that they recall, especially specific stops in a chronological order on the board in their position along the trail). 3. Pose the questions ‘How far do you think we walked from start to finish on this trail?’ and ‘How did your body feel after the walk?’ (Some students may pick up on the note in the introduction/trail info page that states how long the trial is, others may have checked out their Fitbit of personal device, this is ok and will support further discussion). 4. Ask the question ‘Does anyone remember how far it was from Point Zero to Kalgoorlie?’ 5. Revisit the audio from the Heart of Gold Discovery Trail. 6. Re read the information from the Heart of Gold Discovery Trail. Tough Transport You are standing at Point Zero - the geographical marker from which all distances to Perth have been measured since 1925. From where you stand right now, it’s approximately 595km to Kalgoorlie. If you hopped in a car, driving there non-stop would take six and a half hours. That’s a pretty long journey, right? Well imagine walking! Before the train line from Perth to Coolgardie and Kalgoorlie was constructed in 1896, travellers wanting to access the goldfields had limited options: they could go by camel-train, horse, or they could walk. 7. Inform the students that today their task is to compare the distance walked by them on the excursion to the distance the early gold prospectors would have had to walk to get from Perth to Kalgoorlie. Activity: 1. Split the class into groups of around 4 students. 2. Pose the problem: “How many times would we need to walk the Heart of Gold Discovery Trail in order to walk the same distance as from Perth to Kalgoorlie?”. 3. Direct the groups to list down the mathematical steps to work out this problem, including what information is needed. 4. Ask a couple of groups to share their steps to make sure the students understand how to make this calculation. Review multiplication and division techniques if necessary. 5. Assist groups to find the distance walked on the Heart of Gold Discovery Trail through using Google Maps or the Health App on the device used for the walk.