Exchange rate on Mar. 2011 is US$1.00 = Uganda Shilling UGS 2,335.14 = Japanese Yen ¥81.73 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUPPORTING REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES ABBREVIATIONS CHAPTER 1 METEOROLOGY AND HYDROLOGY ············································· 1 - 1 1.1 Meteorology ···························································································· . 1 - 1 1.1.1 Meteorological Network and Climatological Zones ······························· 1 - 1 1.1.2 Meteorological Data Analyses ························································ 1 - 2 1.2 Hydrology ······························································································ 1 - 7 1.2.1 River Network and Gauging Stations ················································ 1 - 7 1.2.2 River Flow Regime ····································································· 1 - 9 1.2.3 Lake Water Level Change ····························································· 1 - 13 1.3 Climatic Change ························································································ 1 - 14 1.3.1 Climate Change Projection in IPCC (4th) Report ·································· 1 - 14 1.3.2 Climate Change Prediction of the Government of Uganda ······················· 1 - 15 1.3.3 Rainfall Variability Based on Existing Data ········································ 1 - 15 CHAPTER 2 GEOMORPHOLOGY AND GEOLOGY ············································· 2 - 1 2.1 Geomorphology ························································································ 2 - 1 2.1.1 General Geology of Uganda ·························································· 2 - 1 2.1.2 Topographic Characteristics of Lake Kyoga Basin ································ 2 - 2 2.1.3 Vegetation and Soil of Lake Kyoga Basin ·········································· 2 - 4 2.2 Geology ······························································································ 2 - 5 2.2.1 General Geology of Uganda ·························································· 2 - 5 2.2.2 Geological Description in Lake Kyoga Basin ······································ 2 - 8 2.2.3 Geological Structure in Lake Kyoga Basin ········································· 2 - 10 CHAPTER 3 WATER QUALITY ···································································· 3 - 1 3.1 Water Quality Standard ··············································································· 3 - 1 3.2 Existing Data ···························································································· 3 - 2 3.2.1 Existing Survey Documents ························································· 3 - 2 i 3.2.2 Result of Existing Water Quality Surveys ········································· 3 - 6 3.3 Field Survey for Water Quality ······································································ 3 - 12 3.3.1 Overview of the Survey ······························································· 3 - 12 3.3.2 Survey Result ··········································································· 3 - 18 3.4 Rapid Prediction of Water Quality Change in Future ············································· 3 - 32 3.4.1 Procedure of Rapid Prediction and Runoff Rate of Pollution Load ·············· 3 - 32 3.4.2 Prediction Results of Water Quality in the Future ·································· 3 - 33 3.4.3 Study of Water Quality Conservation Measures ···································· 3 - 36 CHAPTER 4 HYDROGEOLOGY ····································································· 4 - 1 4.1 Collection of Existing Data ··········································································· 4 - 1 4.1.1 National Groundwater Database (NGWDB)········································ 4 - 1 4.1.2 Groundwater Mapping Project ························································ 4 - 2 4.1.3 Groundwater Monitoring ······························································ 4 - 3 4.1.4 Borehole Completion Report ·························································· 4 - 4 4.2 Hydrogeological Analysis ············································································· 4 - 5 4.2.1 Drilling Depth Distribution ···························································· 4 - 7 4.2.2 Static Water Level Distribution ······················································· 4 - 8 4.2.3 Well Yield Distribution ································································ 4 - 9 4.2.4 Water Quality Distribution (TDS) ···················································· 4 - 10 4.3 Groundwater Flow Analysis ·········································································· 4 - 11 4.3.1 Altitude of Static Water Level ························································ 4 - 11 4.3.2 Direction of Groundwater Flow ······················································ 4 - 12 4.4 Hydrogeological Condition by Geological Unit ··················································· 4 - 13 4.4.1 Pre-Cambrian ············································································ 4 - 13 4.4.2 Volcanic Rocks in Tertiary ···························································· 4 - 13 4.4.3 Sediments in Quaternary ······························································· 4 - 14 4.5 Estimation of Groundwater Amount ································································ 4 - 14 4.5.1 Estimation of Effective Porosity ······················································ 4 - 14 4.5.2 Estimation of Recharge Ratio at Groundwater Monitoring Station ············· 4 - 15 4.5.3 Estimation of Groundwater Amount ················································· 4 - 16 4.5.4 Estimation of Usable Groundwater Amount ········································ 4 - 18 4.6 Interim Result of Water Level Monitoring at Test Boreholes ··································· 4 - 19 CHAPTER 5 TEST BOREHOLE DRILLING ······················································ 5 - 1 5.1 Hydrogeological Analysis ············································································ 5 - 1 5.2 Site Reconnaissance on Geomorphology and Hydrogeology ···································· 5 - 1 ii 5.3 Resistivity Survey ······················································································ 5 - 2 5.4 Selection of Test Borehole Drilling Site ···························································· 5 - 3 5.5 Test Borehole Drilling ················································································· 5 - 4 5.5.1 Drilling Works ·········································································· 5 - 4 5.5.2 Borehole Logging······································································· 5 - 5 5.5.3 Development ············································································ 5 - 6 5.6 Aquifer Test ····························································································· 5 - 6 5.7 Water Quality Analysis ················································································ 5 - 9 CHAPTER 6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ················································ 6 - 1 6.1 General Socioeconomic Conditions of Uganda ···················································· 6 - 1 6.2 System of the Government ··········································································· 6 - 1 6.3 Socio-Economy ························································································ 6 - 2 6.4 Study Area Socio-Economy ········································································· 6 - 3 6.5 Socio-Economic Survey ·············································································· 6 - 8 6.5.1 Outline of Socio-Economic Survey ·················································· 6 - 8 6.5.2 Survey Results ·········································································· 6 - 10 CHAPTER 7 POLICY, INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND ORGANIZATION ··· 7 - 1 7.1 Framework for Sector Development ······························································· 7 - 1 7.2 Policy Objectives ····················································································· 7 - 2 7.3 Policy and Regulatory Framework ··································································· 7 - 2 7.4 Sub-Sectors ······························································································ 7 - 3 7.4.1 Water Resources Management ························································· 7 - 4 7.4.2 Rural Water Supply and Sanitation ···················································· 7 - 4 7.4.3 Urban Water Supply and Sanitation ··················································· 7 - 4 7.4.4 Water for Production ····································································· 7 - 4 7.5 Institutional Framework ··············································································· 7 - 5 7.5.1 National Level ············································································ 7 - 5 7.5.2 District Level ·············································································· 7 - 9 7.5.3 Private Sector ············································································· 7 - 10 7.5.4 Community Level ········································································ 7 - 10 7.5.5 Catchment Management Organizations ··············································· 7 - 10 7.5.6 Capacity Building and Support Institutions ··········································