U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WELL STRATIGRAPHY AND CORRELATIONS, WESTERN WASHINGTON AND NORTHWESTERN OREGON By Weldon W. Rau1 and Samuel Y. Johnson2 Pamphlet to accompany GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS SERIES I-2621 1999 1Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources, Olympia, WA 98504 2U.S. Geological Survey, MS 966, BOX 25046, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................. .. Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................ 1 Port Angeles Oil and Gas Company Sutter No. 1...................................................... 1 2 Standard Oil Company of California Engstrom Community No. 1........................... 5 3 Standard Oil Company of California Silvana Community No. 12-1......................... 7 4 Standard Oil Company of California Socal-Whidbey No. 1.............. ........................ 7 5 Standard Oil Company of California Alderwood No. !............................................. 8 6 Mobil Oil Corporation Kingston No. 1 ................... ~.................................................. 9 7 Standard Oil Company of California Socal-Schroeder No.1..................................... 10 8 Amoco Production Company No. WC-83-14 ............................................................ 11 9 Union Oil Company of California Wilson Creek No. 1............................................. 12 10 El Paso Products Company Montesano No. 1-X .................................................... 13 11 Ohio Oil Company Berry-Robinson No. !............................................................... 14 12 Amoco Production Company Amoco-Weyerhaeuser No.1-29................................ 15 13 Continental Oil Company City of Hoquiam No. 1...... ........ ... ................. ............ ..... 16 14 Union Oil Company of California Bannse No. 1 .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. ...... ... .. .. .... 17 15 Earl F. Siler and J.W. Tanner Kostick No. 1............................................................ 18 16 Selburn-Washington Oil Corporation Wulz No. 1................................................... 19 17 Pleasant Valley Gas and Oil Company Guenther No. 1 .......................................... 20 18 Humble Oil and Refinery Company Roscoe B. Perry ET UX No. 1....................... 21 19 Shell Oil Company Thompson No. 1....................................................................... 22 20 Shell Oil Company Sturdevant No.1........................................................................ 23 21 The Texas Company Benson Clatskanie No. 1........................................................ 24 22 The Texas Company Clark and Wilson No. 6-1...................................................... 25 23 Exxon Corporation OPE Federal Community No. 1......... ................. .......... ............ 25 References Cited ..... .............................. ... ........................... ......... ....... .............. .......... 27 Figures 2. Correlation of relative and absolute time scales for Cenozoic rocks in southwestern Washington and northwestern Oregon..................................................................... 2 3. Schematic geologic map of western Washington and northwestern Oregon........... 3 4. Correlation chart showing stratigraphy in basinal areas described from boreholes in this report. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 Tables 24. Paleobathymetric zones.......................................................................................... 6 25. List of benthonic foraminifera considered diagnostic of neritic and bathyal depositional environments in the study area.......................................................... 6 INTRODUCTION Lingley, Alan Niem, Wendy Niem, Dave Pauli, George Sharp, Parke Snavely, Jr., Tim Walsh, Ray Wells, and espe­ This report of well stratigraphy and correlation was con­ cially Robert Deacon. Mary Alice Carey provided important structed as an aid to evaluate the energy resources of western assistance in paleoecological aspects of this effort. Parke Washington and northwest Oregon. The stratigraphy and Snavely, Jr., Patricia McCrory, and Katherine L. Varnes pro­ lithology of rocks penetrated in twenty-three wells from this vided very constructive reviews. region (fig. 1) are briefly described and are graphically dis­ played beside geophysical logs (sheets 1 and 2). A table of 1 foraminifera recovered from the strata in each well is also presented (tables 1-23). Paleontologic and lithologic data and PORT ANGELES OIL AND GAS COMPANY interpretations provide the basis for biostratigraphic zonation SUTTER N0.1 (fig. 2; based largely on Rau, 1981), correlations between wells, and inferring paleobathymetry and depositional envi­ The Port Angeles Oil and Gas Company Sutter No. 1 ronments. The wells were drilled in several different Ceno­ well was drilled in 1961 on the northern Olympic Peninsula, zoic basinal and uplift settings (fig. 3), and correlations Clallam County, Washington (SE 114, sec. 15, T. 30 N., R. 5 between units (fig. 4) provide an important tool in recon­ W.), about 6.6 miles (10.6 km) east of Port Angeles. The well structing paleogeography and tectonic history. is located a few hundred meters south of the axis of the In evaluating regional stratigraphy, this report should be Swamp Creek anticline (Brown and others, 1960) in the east­ used as a complement to the numerous other reports and ern part of the Tofino-Fuca basin (fig. 3; Snavely and others, charts that are cited in the well descriptions. Most of these 1980; Johnson and others, 1998). Total depth was 6,223 ft reports are based on descriptions of outcrop sections and geo­ (1,897 m). The description below is based on analysis of geo­ logic mapping. Notable reports with charts that rely exten­ physical logs and mud logs, and on 36 samples collected sively on well information include Rau ( 1958) and Rau and from cuttings and analyzed by W.W. Rau (table 1). McFarland (1983) for southwestern Washington, and Niem Pleistocene sand, gravel, and clay were encountered in and Niem (1985) and Niem and others (1990, 1992) for the uppermost 180ft (55 m) of the well. These poorly consol­ northwestern Oregon. Most of the well reports and logs used idated deposits unconformably overlie an upper Eocene to in this report are on file with the Washington Division of Oligocene section of sedimentary bedrock that extends to Geology and Earth Resources in Olympia, Washington, and total depth. Two units are recognized in this section based with the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Indus­ entirely on biostratigraphic information. The upper unit tries in Portland, Oregon. extends to a depth of about 2, 700 ft (823 m) and consists of Paleobathymetric inferences (Tables 24, 25) are based fossiliferous siltstone, mudstone, and sandstone with local on benthonic foraminiferal biofacies lists included in Enbysk concretionary zones and a few ash beds. Foraminifera in this (1960), Ingle (1980), McDougall (1980), and the extensive upper interval are assigned to the Oligocene Zemorrian Stage regional experience of W.W. Rau. Paleobathymetric lists (fig. 2). Among significant Zemorrian taxa are Cassidulina provided by Ingle (1980) are from the southern California crassipunctata, Anomalina californiensis, Anomalina gla­ borderland where the inferred depth ranges may be some­ brata, and Sphaeroidina variabilis (Rau, 1981 ). what different than for the Pacific Northwest because of the The lower unit, which extends from about 2,700 ft (823 different dimensions and temperature of relevant water m) to total depth consists of interbedded siltstone, mudstone, masses. This uncertainty and the possibility of downslope and less commonly sandstone. Foraminifera in this interval redeposition of microfossils make these paleobathymetric typify the upper Eocene to lower Oligocene Refugian Stage inferences somewhat inexact. (fig. 2). Particularly significant species include Uvigerina The type of sample analyzed for each borehole is given cocoaensis, Ceratobulimina washbumei, Eponides yeguaen­ with the stratigraphic description. Except for a few boreholes sis, and E. kleinpelli (Rau, 1981). for which cores were available, samples are from well cut­ Zemorrian foraminifera reflect deeper depositional tings. Down-hole contamination of samples is therefore pos­ environments than the Refugian foraminifera. The Zemor­ sible, however no evidence of this potential problem was rian fauna suggest a range of bathyal depths from lower recognized. bathyal to upper bathyal (table 24). Diagnostic lower bathyal species include Melonis pompilioides and Uvigerina garza­ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ensis (table 25; Ingle, 1980; McDougall, 1980). Middle bathyal species are Eponides duprei, Stilostomella adol­ This work was supported by the U.S. Geological phina. and agglutinated type Karreriella washingtonensis. Survey, the Washington Department of Natural Resources, Upper bathyal species include Gyroidina orbicularis pia­ and the Weyerhaeuser Corporation. We benefited from stim­ nata, Cassidulina crassipunctata, Cassidulina galvinensis, ulating discussions with Russell Evarts, Peter Hales, William Bulimina ovata, and Epistomina eocenica. Foraminiferal SW Washington foraminiferal Coccolith Ma Epoch stages zones or assemblages