DRAFT For Review Purposes Only These draft materials are intended to provide teachers with insight into the content and structure of the Listening & Learning strand of Core Knowledge Language Arts materials. Revised materials produced specifically for NYSED, including materials from the Skills Strand, will be posted on this site in 2013. These new materials will include explicit alignment with Common Core State Standards, additional support for English Language Learners, and images and texts compliant with Creative Commons Licensing. For more information on how to explore these materials, please see the Getting Started resources posted alongside these files on EngageNY.org. The Core Knowledge Language Arts Program Listening & Learning Strand Tell It Again! Read-Aloud Anthology Animals and Habitats Published by the Core Knowledge Foundation www.coreknowledge.org Copyright © 2010 Core Knowledge Foundation All Rights Reserved. PRINTED IN CANADA 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Trademarks and trade names are shown in this book strictly for illustrative and educational purposes and are the property of their respective owners. References herein should not be regarded as affecting the validity of said trademarks and trade names. No part of this work may be photocopied or recorded, added to an information storage or retrieval system, posted to the Web, or otherwise reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, without prior written permission of the Core Knowledge Foundation, unless said reproduction or transmission is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Inquiries regarding permissions should be addressed to the Core Knowledge Foundation, 801 E. High Street, Charlottesville, VA 22902. © 2010 Core Knowledge Foundation © 2010 Core TABLE OF CONTENTS The Core Knowledge Language Arts Program Animals and Habitats Introduction to Animals and Habitats . .iv Lesson 1 What is a Habitat . 1 Lesson 2 The Arctic Tundra . 11 Lesson 3 The Arctic Ocean . 23 Lesson 4 The Sonoran Desert. 33 Pausing Point 1. 45 Lesson 5 The East African Savanna. 48 Lesson 6 Animals of the East African Savanna . 58 Lesson 7 The Temperate Deciduous Forest . 69 Lesson 8 Animals of the Temperate Deciduous Forest . 80 Lesson 9 The Tropical Rainforest . 91 Lesson 10 Animals of the Tropical Rainforest . .101 Pausing Point 2. .112 Lesson 11 The Freshwater Habitat . .116 Lesson 12 The Saltwater Habitat . .129 Lesson 13 Animals of the Saltwater Habitat . .139 Lesson 14 Habitat Destruction and Endangered Species. .151 Pausing Point 3. .161 Domain Assessment . .165 Appendix . .167 © 2010 Core Knowledge Foundation Animals and Habitats | Introduction iii Introduction to Animals and Habitats This introduction includes the necessary background information to be used in teaching the Animals and Habitats domain. The Tell It Again! Read-Aloud Anthology for Animals and Habitats contains fourteen daily lessons, each of which is composed of two distinct parts, so that the lesson may be divided into smaller chunks of time and presented at different intervals during the day. The entire lesson will require a total of sixty minutes. We have included three Pausing Points in this domain, after Lessons 4, 10, and 14. You may wish to pause and spend one to two days reviewing, reinforcing, or extending the material taught prior to each Pausing Point. You should spend no more than twenty days total on this domain. Along with this anthology, you will need: • Tell It Again! Media Disk or the Tell It Again! Flip Book for Animals and Habitats • Tell It Again! Image Cards for Animals and Habitats • Tell It Again! Workbook for Animals and Habitats • Tell It Again! Posters for Animals and Habitats You will fi nd the Instructional Objectives and Core Vocabulary for this domain below. The lessons that include Student Choice/ Domain-Related Trade Book Extensions, Image Cards, Parent Letters, Instructional Masters, and Assessments are also listed in the information below. Why Animals and Habitats Are Important This domain will introduce your students to the wonder of the natural world, focusing on the interconnectedness of all living things with one another and their physical environment. Students will learn what a habitat is, as well as learn to identify specifi c types of habitats and their related characteristics. They will learn iv Animals and Habitats | Introduction © 2010 Core Knowledge Foundation to recognize different plants and animals as being indigenous to specifi c habitats and will begin to develop an understanding of several fundamental principles of nature. They will learn, for example, that animals and plants typically live in those habitats to which they are best suited, often developing unique characteristics or features that enable them to specifi cally adapt to the climate and conditions of a given environment. They will also be introduced to simple classifi cations of animals according to the types of food they eat and the notion of a food chain. Students will build in later grades upon the knowledge of habitats and animals that they gain by listening to and discussing the read-alouds in this domain; the concepts and factual information that they learn now will serve as the basis for later in-depth understanding of increasingly detailed and sophisticated biological taxonomies, the interdependence of all of nature and its fragile balance, as well as an appreciation of the role that human beings must assume to protect the world in which they live. What Students Have Already Learned in Core Knowledge Language Arts during Kindergarten The following kindergarten domains are particularly relevant to the read-alouds your students will hear in Animals and Habitats: • Plants • Farms • Seasons and Weather • Taking Care of the Earth Listed below are the specifi c kindergarten content objectives that your students targeted in these domains. This background knowledge will greatly enhance your students’ understanding of the read-alouds they are about to enjoy. © 2010 Core Knowledge Foundation Animals and Habitats | Introduction v • Understand that there are many different kinds and sizes of plants • Understand that different kinds of plants grow in different environments • Understand that plants are living things • Describe what plants need to live and grow: food, water, air, and sunlight • Identify the root, stem, leaf, fl ower, and seed of a plant • Explain that roots anchor the plant and take in water and nutrients • Explain that stems support the plant and carry water and nutrients to the various parts of the plant • Explain that the plant makes its food in the leaves • Understand the basic life cycle of plants • Compare and contrast deciduous and evergreen plants • Identify needs of farm animals: food, water, and space to live and grow • Match pictures and/or names of farm animal babies to their adult parents • Describe how farm animal babies need to be fed and cared for by their parents or people • Name the four seasons in cyclical order, as experienced in the United States, and correctly name a few characteristics of each season • Characterize winter as generally the coldest season, summer as generally the warmest season, and spring and autumn as more temperate, transitional seasons • Describe any unique seasonal differences that are characteristic of their own locality (change of color and dropping of leaves in autumn; snow or ice in winter; increased rain and/or fl ooding in spring, etc.) vi Animals and Habitats | Introduction © 2010 Core Knowledge Foundation • Describe daily weather conditions of their own locality in terms of temperature (hot, warm, cool, cold); cloud cover (sunny, cloudy); and precipitation (rain, snow, or sleet) • Characterize the North and South Poles as always cold in temperature, the middle section of the earth as usually warm, and the United States as having four seasons • Understand that Earth is composed of land, water, and air • Identify examples of land, water, and air from their own environments • Understand that humans, plants, and animals depend on Earth’s land, water, and air to live • Understand that humans generate large amounts of garbage, which must be disposed of • Sequence what happens to garbage from its creation to being dumped in the landfi ll • Understand that natural resources are things found in nature that are valuable and of great importance to people • Recognize the phrase “Reduce, reuse, recycle!” and explain how doing these three things can help to conserve natural resources • Understand that land, air, and water all suffer from different types of pollution, and all types of pollution are caused by human activities • Identify sources of air pollution, including cars and electricity produced by coal-fi red power plants • Compare and contrast fresh water, salt water, and waste water • Understand that many living things, including humans, need fresh water to survive, and that there is a limited supply of fresh water on Earth • Identify sources of water pollution, including factory waste and garbage © 2010 Core Knowledge Foundation Animals and Habitats | Introduction vii Instructional Objectives for Animals and Habitats The following chart contains all of the Core Content Objectives and Language Arts Objectives for this domain, broken down by lesson. Animals and Habitats Overview Lessons Objectives 1234567891011121314 Core Content Describe what a habitat is Understand that living things live in habitats to which they are particularly suited Identify the characteristics of the Arctic tundra habitat Explain