ISSN 1313-2970 (online) ISSN 1313-2989 (print) ZooKeys 1001 A peer-reviewed open-access journal 2020 Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The genus Phelister represents one of the largest radiations of histerid beetles in the neotropics, yet its taxonomy has received little attention. While comprising only about 200 described species, hundreds more are by RECOGNITION AND AND RECOGNITION known and await description. Identification of the species has been very Tishechkin K. S. Caterino, Alexey Michael RECOGNITION AND REVISION OF difficult. And where to draw the boundary between Phelister and other THE PHELISTER BLAIRI GROUP neotropical genera of Exosternini has also been contentious. (HISTERIDAE, HISTERINAE, Yet these predatory beetles are abundant, and may offer valuable data to efforts to track fauna shifts in the face of climate and land-use changes. EXOSTERnini) R They are often found in association with decaying animal carcasses, and THE OF EVISION have been promoted as important tools in forensic investigations. And other species have been used to help control flies that breed in cattle dung, where these beetles may be abundant. Beyond potentially practical uses, these beetles also show an array of symbiotic relationships with social BY P HELISTE MICHAEL S. CATERINO, ALEXEY K. TISHECHKIN insects, and probably have an interesting evolutionary story to tell. So, a well-resolved taxonomic system offers many benefits. R In this study we hypothesize the existence of a novel clade of Phelister, BLAI R which we informally refer to as the Phelister blairi group. Only 8 of the 49 G I species we assign to this group have been previously described. Here we R OUP ( OUP describe 41 additional new species, providing a key for their identification. H Descriptions are augmented with high-resolution photographs and hand- ISTE drawn diagnostic images of various characters. We also update previous R analyses of the phylogeny of Phelister to test this group’s monophyly and to IDAE, try and determine its relationships within the broader exosternine radiation. H ISTE R INAE, INAE, E XOSTE R nini) Phelister fraternus Caterino & Tishechkin, sp. nov. ZooKeys 1001 2020 http://zookeys.pensoft.net Special Issue ! http://zookeys.pensoft.net AUTHOR GUIDELINES Accepted Papers: Same as above, but are not limited to: Authors are kindly requested to sub- but ‘’In press’’ appears instead the • Zoobank (www.zoobank.org), mit their manuscript only through page numbers. • Morphbank (www.morphbank.net), the online submission module at Electronic Journal Articles: Mallet • Genbank (www.ncbi.nlm.nih. http://zookeys.pensoft.net/. 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