AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH ACRP PROGRAM SYNTHESIS 66 Lessons Learned from Sponsored by the Federal Airport Sustainability Plans Aviation Administration A Synthesis of Airport Practice ACRP OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE* TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2015 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE* CHAIR OFFICERS KITTY FREIDHEIM Chair: Daniel Sperling, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and Policy; Freidheim Consulting Director, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis Vice Chair: James M. Crites, Executive Vice President of Operations, Dallas/Fort Worth VICE CHAIR International Airport, TX Executive Director: Neil J. Pedersen, Transportation Research Board KELLY JOHNSON Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport Authority MEMBERS MEMBERS VICTORIA A. ARROYO, Executive Director, Georgetown Climate Center; Assistant Dean, Centers and Institutes; and Professor and Director, Environmental Law Program, Georgetown University DEBORAH ALE FLINT Law Center, Washington, DC Oakland International Airport SCOTT E. BENNETT, Director, Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department, Little Rock THELLA F. BOWENS DEBORAH H. BUTLER, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern San Diego County Regional Airport Authority Corporation, Norfolk, VA BENITO DELEON JENNIFER COHAN, Secretary, Delaware DOT, Dover Federal Aviation Administration MALCOLM DOUGHERTY, Director, California Department of Transportation, Sacramento RICHARD DE NEUFVILLE A. STEWART FOTHERINGHAM, Professor, School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Massachusetts Institute of Technology Planning, University of Arizona, Tempe KEVIN C. DOLLIOLE JOHN S. HALIKOWSKI, Director, Arizona DOT, Phoenix Unison Consulting MICHAEL W. HANCOCK, Secretary, Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Frankfort STEVE GROSSMAN SUSAN HANSON, Distinguished University Professor Emerita, School of Geography, Clark Jacksonville Aviation Authority University, Worcester, MA F. PAUL MARTINEZ STEVE HEMINGER, Executive Director, Metropolitan Transportation Commission, Oakland, CA Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport CHRIS T. HENDRICKSON, Professor, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA BOB MONTGOMERY JEFFREY D. HOLT, Managing Director, Bank of Montreal Capital Markets, and Chairman, Utah Southwest Airlines Transportation Commission, Huntsville ERIC POTTS GERALDINE KNATZ, Professor, Sol Price School of Public Policy, Viterbi School of Engineering, Freese and Nichols, Inc. University of Southern California, Los Angeles RICHARD TUCKER JOAN MCDONALD, Commissioner, New York State DOT, Albany Huntsville International Airport ABBAS MOHADDES, President and CEO, Iteris, Inc., Santa Ana, CA PAUL J. WIEDEFELD DONALD A. OSTERBERG, Senior Vice President, Safety and Security, Schneider National, Inc., Baltimore/Washington International Airport Green Bay, WI SANDRA ROSENBLOOM, Professor, University of Texas, Austin EX OFFICIO MEMBERS HENRY G. (GERRY) SCHWARTZ, JR., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc., St. Louis, MO SABRINA JOHNSON KUMARES C. SINHA, Olson Distinguished Professor of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency West Lafayette, IN RICHARD MARCHI KIRK T. STEUDLE, Director, Michigan DOT, Lansing Airports Council International—North America GARY C. THOMAS, President and Executive Director, Dallas Area Rapid Transit, Dallas, TX LAURA MCKEE PAUL TROMBINO III, Director, Iowa DOT, Ames Airlines for America PHILLIP A. WASHINGTON, General Manager, Denver Regional Council of Governments, Denver, CO MELISSA SABATINE American Association of Airport Executives EX OFFICIO MEMBERS T.J. SCHULZ THOMAS P. BOSTICK (Lt. General, U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding General, Airport Consultants Council U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC NEIL J. PEDERSEN TIMOTHY P. BUTTERS, Acting Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Transportation Research Board Administration, U.S. DOT GREGORY PRINCIPATO ALISON JANE CONWAY, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, City College National Association of State Aviation Officials of New York, NY, and Chair, TRB Young Members Council T. F. SCOTT DARLING III, Acting Administrator and Chief Counsel, Federal Motor Carrier Safety SECRETARY Administration, U.S. DOT CHRISTOPHER W. JENKS SARAH FEINBERG, Acting Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. DOT Transportation Research Board DAVID J. FRIEDMAN, Acting Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. DOT LEROY GISHI, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC JOHN T. GRAY II, Senior Vice President, Policy and Economics, Association of American Railroads, Washington, DC MICHAEL P. HUERTA, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. DOT PAUL N. JAENICHEN, SR., Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S. DOT THERESE W. MCMILLAN, Acting Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S. DOT MICHAEL P. MELANIPHY, President and CEO, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC GREGORY G. NADEAU, Acting Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. DOT PETER M. ROGOFF, Under Secretary for Transportation Policy, Office of the Secretary, U.S. DOT MARK R. ROSEKIND, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. DOT CRAIG A. RUTLAND, U.S. Air Force Pavement Engineer, Air Force Civil Engineer Center, Tyndall Air Force Base, FL BARRY R. WALLERSTEIN, Executive Officer, South Coast Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar, CA GREGORY D. WINFREE, Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology, Office of the Secretary, U.S. DOT FREDERICK G. (BUD) WRIGHT, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC PAUL F. ZUKUNFT (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security * Membership as of February 2015. * Membership as of May 2015. AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM ACRP SYNTHESIS 66 Lessons Learned from Airport Sustainability Plans A Synthesis of Airport Practice CONSULTANTS Renee Martin-Nagle A Ripple Effect PLC Oakton, Virginia and Adam Klauber ICF International Cambridge, Massachusetts SUBSCRIBER CATEGORIES Aviation • Environment Research Sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2015 www.TRB.org AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM ACRP SYNTHESIS 66 Airports are vital national resources. They serve a key role in Project A11-03, Topic S02-11 transportation of people and goods and in regional, national, and ISSN 1935-9187 inter national commerce. They are where the nation’s aviation sys- ISBN 978-0-309-27195-0 tem connects with other modes of transportation and where federal Library of Congress Control Number 2015939843 responsibility for managing and regulating air traffic operations intersects with the role of state and local governments that own and © 2015 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. operate most airports. Research is necessary to solve common oper- ating problems, to adapt appropriate new technologies from other industries, and to introduce innovations into the airport industry. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION The Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) serves as one Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for of the principal means by which the airport industry can develop obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the innovative near-term solutions to meet demands placed on it. copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. The need for ACRP was identified in TRB Special Report 272: Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce Airport Research Needs: Cooperative Solutions in 2003, based on material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. a study sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will The ACRP carries out applied research on problems that are shared be used to imply TRB or FAA endorsement of a particular product, method, by airport operating agencies and are not being adequately or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this addressed by existing federal research programs. It is modeled after document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate the successful National Cooperative Highway Research Program acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For and Transit Cooperative Research Program. The ACRP undertakes other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. research and other technical activities in a variety of airport subj ect areas, including design, construction, maintenance, operations, safety, security, policy, planning, human resources, and administra- NOTICE tion. The ACRP provides a forum where airport operators can coop- eratively address common operational problems. The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the Airport The ACRP was authorized in December 2003 as part of the Vision Cooperative Research Program, conducted by the Transportation Research 100-Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act. The primary partici- Board with the approval of the Governing Board of the National Research pants in the ACRP are (1) an independent governing board, the Council. ACRP Oversight Committee (AOC), appointed by the Secretary of the The members of the technical panel selected to monitor this project and U.S.