International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 6, Issue 2, February-2017 13 ISSN 2278-7763 WORK STRESS AND PERFORMANCE OF UM TAGUM COLEGE FACULTY RAIZA MAE CALBONERO-NARCISO University of Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between work stress and performance of UM Tagum College Faculty. The respondents in this study are the faculty members of UM Tagum College, Tagum City. The sampling method used was the universal sampling wherein 130 faculty of Um Tagum College during school year 2013-2014 served as respondents. Through non-experimental quantitative research using correlational technique, validated questionnaire, Mean & Standard Devi- ation and Pearson r, results revealed that no significant relationship existed between work stress and performance of UM Tagum College Faculty. Keywords : Work Stress, Performance INTRODUCTION (Kelley et. al., 2000) stressed that today’s increasing and these rates vary between educators are under pressure to dramati- schools in England and Wales. In Eng- cally improve student learning. Empirical land, 57% of the teaching workforce took research shows big quality teachers are sickness absence in 2003, in Wales the the most critical factor in accomplishing percentage was 66%. In England, an av- this goal. Consequently,IJOART this has some- erage of 9.6 days sickness absence are lost thing to do in giving quality instruction per teacher, in Wales 13 days are lost. to students by improving one’s perfor- Additionally, it is apparent that the dura- mance because teacher’s work perfor- tion of sickness absence varies; for in- mance is one of the factors on realizing stance in 2003 in England absences of such goal. Furthermore, (Wook Cho and more than 20 days constituted 42% of the Kang, 2008) stated that due to global eco- total number of sickness days lost, in nomic slowdown, many employers are Wales the percentage figure was 66%*. now faced with a greater need to enhance (Jenkins and Conley, 2005). They also workforce efficiency and productivity. concluded that the above data indicates Therefore, management of poorly per- that as well as many newly qualified forming employees has become even teachers not entering the profession, le- more important than before. It is very vels of resignations and the duration of clear that employers are particular in sickness absences are increasing. employee’s performance since it affects Past studies have identified educa- the productivity of their company. tion as a strong, if not the strongest corre- It was estimated that 60,800 teach- late of poverty. Thus, the overarching ers resigned in 2002. Just over half of concern to eradicate poverty can be suc- these teachers are lost from teaching en- cessfully addressed only if the problems tirely. Sickness and absence rates are also besetting the education sector are given Copyright © 2017 SciResPub. IJOART International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 6, Issue 2, February-2017 14 ISSN 2278-7763 priority attention. Hence, in considering STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM teachers as the prime responsible on giv- The main focus of the study was to ing quality education, school administra- determine the significance of the rela- tion must continuously monitor and tionship between work stress and per- check their teaching performance to fulfil formance of faculty members of UM Ta- the Millennium Development Goal of gum College. Specifically, it aimed to an- eradicating poverty through a Universal swer the following questions: Primary Education (Virola, et.al 2010). 1. What is the level of work stress among In UM Tagum College, one of the the faculty members of UM Tagum Col- major issues that the academe is facing is lege in terms of: the work performance of the professors. 1.1 Environmental factors Some if not all of the faculty seemed to be 1.2 Organizational Factors too stressed in the performance of their 1.3 Personal Factors? task. It is also undeniable that they are 2. What is the level of performance of dealing with all sorts of people. Some UMTC faculty members in terms of: may be approachable; others may be too 2.1 Evaluation of Teachers by conservative making them difficult to the Student (ETS) draw into teamwork, still others seem to 2.2 Evaluation of Teachers by be too professional that they don’t have the Dean (ETD) any time for fellowship which may cause 2.3 Classroom Evaluation of a decline in performance. Various situa- Teachers by Administrators tions and issues are vividly seen in this (CETA) institution but oIJOARTnly a few are acted upon 2.4 Evaluation of Teachers by (Barcelona 2003). Self (ETSe) Therefore, in this milieu, the re- 2.5 Evaluation of Teachers by searcher feels the need to measure the Peers (ETP)? level of work stress of UM Tagum Col- 3. Is there a significant relationship be- lege faculty, identify the causes, and pro- tween the work stress and performance pose appropriate mechanism to address of UM Tagum College faculty? the problems. Needless to say, teacher turnover is a costly phenomenon and HYPOTHESIS poorly performing teachers are even The null hypothesis that there is no sig- more costly because of their impact on nificant relationship between the level of stress and the work performance of UM students. Work is always associated with Tagum College faculty was tested at α stress but it is crucial that something 0.05 level of significance. must be done to know what caused the stress and how to manage it appropriate- ly so not to affect the teaching and learn- THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL ing process. FRAMEWORK Copyright © 2017 SciResPub. IJOART International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 6, Issue 2, February-2017 15 ISSN 2278-7763 This research was anchored on the pendent variable is Work Performance concept of Robbins (1998) that the exis- with its indicators namely; Evaluation of tence of work stress in and of itself needs Teachers by the Student (ETS) – this re- not imply lower performance. However, fers to a structured set of questionnaire high level of stress or even a moderate used as a tool on evaluating the perfor- amount sustained over a long period mance of the faculty by the students, eventually takes its toll, and performance Evaluation of Teachers by Dean - refers to declines. a structured set of questionnaire used as Moreover, Jehangir et. al. (2011) a tool on evaluating the perfor- stated on their study that job stress has mance/faculty’s participation on any negative correlation with job perfor- official activity of the school by the Dean, mance. It is proved that increased level of Classroom Evaluation of Teachers by job stress can lead to higher decline in job Administrators (CETA) – is a structured performance and job satisfaction. They set of questionnaire used in evaluating also found that with the increase in job the performance of the faculty by the stress, job performance falls. Also, they administrators/program head/immediate have proved that job stress negatively af- supervisor, Evaluation of Teachers by Self fects job performance of their respon- (ETSe) – refers to a structured set of ques- dents. tionnaire used on evaluating owns per- Furthermore, Robbins (1998) formance, Evaluation of Teachers by Peer stated that Stress is a dynamic state whe- (ETP) – refers to a structured set of ques- reby the masses are faced with an oppor- tionnaire used in evaluating the interper- tunity, obstacle,IJOART constraints or demand sonal relationship with its co-faculty. regarding what one desires and the im- plication of which is considered to be un- Figure 1 certain, negative, terrifying and impor- Conceptual Framework tant. Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study. In this study, the independent variable is Stress with its in- Work Stress Work Performance dicators, namely: Environmental factors - in which in this study, refer to economic uncertainties, Political Uncertainties and METHODOLOGY Technological Change, Organizational The research design of the study factors, which refers to the Task De- utilized the Non-experimental quantita- mands, Role Demands and Interpersonal tive research using correlational tech- Demands; Personal factors – this refers to nique in investigating the research prob- Family Problems, Economic Problems & lem. The purpose of correlational re- Personality as categorized by Robbins search is to determine the relations (1998) in his book Organizational Behavior among two or more variables (Bursal & as Potential Sources of Stress. The de- Paznokas, 2006). Copyright © 2017 SciResPub. IJOART International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 6, Issue 2, February-2017 16 ISSN 2278-7763 This method determines the rela- For the level of stress, the follow- tionship among two or more vaiables and ing Five Point Likert Scale was used. sought to investigate the extent to which one or more relationship of some type Verbal Range of exist (Fraenkel 2003). It is descriptive be- Descrip- Interpretation Means cause the study focused at the present tion condition which purpose is to find new 4.50 – 5.00 Very This means truth that may have different form in a High that the stress new generation. among the The method determines the pre- faculty is vailing conditions, personal, situational, very much environmental and intellectual factors experienced and practices which will enable the re- all the time. searcher to seek accurate descriptions of 3.50 – 4.49 High This means the relationship between Stress and Work that the stress Performance of the UMTC academic fa- among the culty. faculty is ex- The respondents in this study perienced of- were the faculty of UM Tagum College, tentimes. Tagum City. The universal sampling me- 2.50 – 3.49 Mod- This means thod was used wherein 130 faculty of UM erate that the stress Tagum College during school year 2013- among the fa- 2014 participatedIJOART as respondents.