AREA STUDIES A Journal of International Studies and Analyses seaps UGC Centre for Southeast Asian and Pacific Studies Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati Published under UGC Unassigned Grant AREA STUDIES A Journal of International Studies and Analyses seaps UGC Centre for Southeast Asian and Pacific Studies Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati Published under UGC Unassigned Grant AREA STUDIES A Journal of International Studies and Analyses CONTENTS Dealing with Pakistan: Dimensions and Dilemmas 1 P. Krishna Mohan Reddy An Analysis of the South Korean Welfare State 10 Ranjit Kumar Dhawan A Comparative Analysis of Best Practices of 21 Mobile Banking in ASEAN Countries and India A.V. Ajay Babu India-Vietnam Defence Cooperation and the 39 China Factor: From 1991 to 2016 Area Studies: A Journal of International Studies and Analyses Tilottama Mukherjee UGC Centre for Southeast Asian and Pacific Studies Sir Venkateswara University, Tirupati Evaluation of structural Changes in the Tea Plantation 56 Sector: A Study on the Growth of Small Tea Growers in India and Sri Lanka © UGC Centre for Southeast Asian and Pacific Studies ISSN 0975-6035 (Print) A.S. Chandrabose Year: 2016 Reprint permission may be obtained from: The Editor Email: [email protected] The responsibilities for facts and opinions presented in the articles rests exclusively with the individual authors. Their interpretations do not necessarily reflect the view or the policy of the Editorial Committee, National and International Advisory boards of Area Studies: A Journal of International Studies and Analyses. Layout & Printed at: D&Dee - Designing and Creative Production, Nallakunta, Hyderabad - 500 044. Ph No: +91 9440 726 907, 040 - 2764 3862. ii iii AREA STUDIES A Journal of International Studies and Analyses CONTENTS Dealing with Pakistan: Dimensions and Dilemmas 1 P. Krishna Mohan Reddy An Analysis of the South Korean Welfare State 10 Ranjit Kumar Dhawan A Comparative Analysis of Best Practices of 21 Mobile Banking in ASEAN Countries and India A.V. Ajay Babu India-Vietnam Defence Cooperation and the 39 China Factor: From 1991 to 2016 Area Studies: A Journal of International Studies and Analyses Tilottama Mukherjee UGC Centre for Southeast Asian and Pacific Studies Sir Venkateswara University, Tirupati Evaluation of structural Changes in the Tea Plantation 56 Sector: A Study on the Growth of Small Tea Growers in India and Sri Lanka © UGC Centre for Southeast Asian and Pacific Studies ISSN 0975-6035 (Print) A.S. Chandrabose Year: 2016 Reprint permission may be obtained from: The Editor Email: [email protected] The responsibilities for facts and opinions presented in the articles rests exclusively with the individual authors. Their interpretations do not necessarily reflect the view or the policy of the Editorial Committee, National and International Advisory boards of Area Studies: A Journal of International Studies and Analyses. Layout & Printed at: D&Dee - Designing and Creative Production, Nallakunta, Hyderabad - 500 044. Ph No: +91 9440 726 907, 040 - 2764 3862. ii iii Dealing with Pakistan: Dimensions and Dilemmas P. Krishna Mohan Reddy Assistant Professor, Dept. of History, Sri Venkateswara University Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA Email: [email protected] Abstract Indo-Pakistan bilateral relations have entered a new phase in the 21st century. Despite the Kargil war of 1999 or the 26/11 Mumbai attacks India has been consistently trying to bring normalcy in the bilateral relations. The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has surprised many by inviting the Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Shareef to Modi's swearing ceremony as the Prime Minister. However, Modi's efforts to develop friendly relations with Pakistan have been continuously derailed by the military establishment and the terrorist outfits in Pakistan culminating in the Pathankot and Uri attacks in 2016. The present paper aims to analyze the dimensions of Indo-Pak relations and the choices India has in framing a positive bilateral policy with Pakistan in light of these attacks. Introduction There has been a general perception among the public as well as some former military personnel and security experts that the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi will pursue an aggressive policy towards Pakistan. Narendra Modi has shocked all the Left, Liberal, the Right as well as the other 'Modi-critics' by inviting the Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Shareef to Modi's swearing in ceremony as Prime Minister. With Prime Minister Modi's announcement of 'Neighborhood First' policy, everyone realized that 'election slogans' and 'poll rhetoric' do not dictate India's foreign policy even during Narendra Modi's government. Prime Minister Modi offered a hand of friendship with Nawaz Shareef and made sincere efforts to improve Indo-Pakistan bilateral relations. Unfortunately, for the past three decades democratically elected civilians or even former military generals have been unable to build friendly relations with India owing to the clout of the Army and the Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) on the governments, political parties and politicians in Pakistan. Despite sincere attempts by the Indian leadership, there has been a continuous sabotage of the Indo- Pakistan bilateral relations by the Pakistani terrorist groups, Area Studies 1 Dealing with Pakistan: Dimensions and Dilemmas P. Krishna Mohan Reddy Assistant Professor, Dept. of History, Sri Venkateswara University Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA Email: [email protected] Abstract Indo-Pakistan bilateral relations have entered a new phase in the 21st century. Despite the Kargil war of 1999 or the 26/11 Mumbai attacks India has been consistently trying to bring normalcy in the bilateral relations. The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has surprised many by inviting the Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Shareef to Modi's swearing ceremony as the Prime Minister. However, Modi's efforts to develop friendly relations with Pakistan have been continuously derailed by the military establishment and the terrorist outfits in Pakistan culminating in the Pathankot and Uri attacks in 2016. The present paper aims to analyze the dimensions of Indo-Pak relations and the choices India has in framing a positive bilateral policy with Pakistan in light of these attacks. Introduction There has been a general perception among the public as well as some former military personnel and security experts that the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi will pursue an aggressive policy towards Pakistan. Narendra Modi has shocked all the Left, Liberal, the Right as well as the other 'Modi-critics' by inviting the Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Shareef to Modi's swearing in ceremony as Prime Minister. With Prime Minister Modi's announcement of 'Neighborhood First' policy, everyone realized that 'election slogans' and 'poll rhetoric' do not dictate India's foreign policy even during Narendra Modi's government. Prime Minister Modi offered a hand of friendship with Nawaz Shareef and made sincere efforts to improve Indo-Pakistan bilateral relations. Unfortunately, for the past three decades democratically elected civilians or even former military generals have been unable to build friendly relations with India owing to the clout of the Army and the Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) on the governments, political parties and politicians in Pakistan. Despite sincere attempts by the Indian leadership, there has been a continuous sabotage of the Indo- Pakistan bilateral relations by the Pakistani terrorist groups, Area Studies 1 P. Krishna Mohan Reddy Dealing with Pakistan: Dimensions and Dilemmas culminating in the Pathankot and Uri terrorist attacks. At this successful elections and elected governments in Jammu and juncture, there is a need for the Indian security and political Kashmir. Until the 1999 Kargil war, Kashmir hardly figured in the establishment to develop a holistic policy to address Indo-Pak India-Pakistan bilateral relations. Then since 2015, surprisingly, relations. Kashmir became a factor once again in these relations as exemplified by the frequent ceasefire violations by Pakistan, increasingly Dimensions aggressive separatist trends from a section of society and Huriyat Under the normal description, a State is supposed to design, develop culminating in the encounter of Burhan Wani. These phenomena and deal any policy including the foreign policy of a nation. This have, interestingly coincided with the Pathankot attack and Uri applies to every democratically elected government baring a few attack. The important question a researcher needs to pose is, how will military-induced/supported or Religion-induced or extreme groups the present phase shape the future Indian policy towards Pakistan supported democracies. Unfortunately, Pakistan, even for the bilaterally? foreign policy experts and diplomats has posed a challenge in its categorization as a State. Not only India, but any western nation finds As far as Pakistan is concerned, it should be emphasized that it difficult to understand and operate bilateral relations with Pakistan's elected civilian governments or the political leadership do Pakistan with its unique character of the 'State' where multiple not enjoy as much freedom as India does in terms of