MOjfWV. #:^../a. L c /%&</ Sc^nt^y • t Scotland iim.lllH» Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from National Library of Scotland http://www.archive.org/details/memorialsofstuv21 831 vaug A : MEMORIALS STUART DYNASTY, INCLUDING THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL ilHstory of (?!tglani>, FROM THE DECEASE OF ELIZABETH TO THE ABDICATION OF JAMES II. ROBERT VAUGHAN, AUTHOR OF THE " LIFE AND OPINIONS OF WYCLIFFE.' IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL II. LONDON HOLDS WORTH AND BALL, is, st. Paul's church-yard. MDCCCXXXI. HILL, R. CLAY, PRINTER, BREAD-STREET- CHEAPSIDE. " . a — 1 CONTENTS OF VOL. II. CHARLES THE FIRST. CHAP. XII. STATE OF THE ENGLISH CATHOLICS FROM 1629 TO 1640. PAGE Alarm with regard to Popery at this time not unreasonable. — Circumstances which conduced to its Progress.—Advantage given to its Advocates by the Court Clergy. — Policy of Charles in relation to Catholics — contrasted with his Treatment of the Puritans.—Anticipations of the Rival Parties.—Project of a Union with the Church of Rome.—Causes of its Failure 1 CHAP. XIII. STATE OF THE KINGDOM FROM 1629 TO 1640. Different Views of this Interval.-—Tendency of Church Affairs. Temper of the Universities.—Prevention of Despotism.—Catho- licism maintains its Ground.—State of Commerce.—The existing Calm deceitful. —State of England in the view of Foreigners. Character of Charles as disclosed by the Proceedings of this Period. 1 CHAP. XIV. PARLIAMENT OF 1640. Oversight of Charles and his Ministers.—Scotland and Episcopacy. —Alarm of Laud and Strafford. — Impoverished State of the Government — disappointed of Foreign Aid. — Discouraging Aspect of the King's Affairs.—Pacification of Berwick.—Renewed Preparations for War.—Resolution to call a Parliament.—Motives of Laud and Strafford in supporting it.—Different Anticipations respecting it. —Parliament assembled. — Its Cautious Manner of Proceeding. —Speeches of Grimstone and Pym.-—Dispute between — — IV CONTENTS. PAGE the two Houses.—King's Message by Sir Henry Vane.—Parlia- ment dissolved. — Unconstitutional Practices of the Government resumed.—Council of Peers.—Long Parliament summoned .... 21 CHAP. XV. THE LONG PARLIAMENT. State of Political Feeling through the Nation at the Meeting of the Long Parliament —Moderate Temper of that Assembly.—Speech of Sir Benjamin Rudyard.—Speeches of the Members printed and circulated. — Restoration of silenced Ministers. — Committee relating to scandalous Clergymen. — Proceedings against the Bishops Peirce, and Wren, and Dr. Cosins. — Impeachment of Strafford, Laud, and Windebanke.—Release of Prynne, Bastwick, and Burton.—Grievances redressed.—Bill for Triennial Parlia- ments. —Courts of Star-Chamber and High Commission abolished. —Attack on the Hierarchy.—Review of these Proceedings .... 45 CHAP. XVI. THE EARL OF STRAFFORD. Strafford's Early History—Character of his Patriotism—his Apostacy —and Advancement — Viceroy of Ireland — advocates Ship- Money.—His Despotic Schemes with regard to England.—Charles calls him to join the Royal Standard in the North—to attend in Parliament, and promises his Safety.—His Impeachment Trial. —Opinion of the Judges. — Different Views of the Proceedings against him—his Death 75 CHAP. XVII. PROCEEDINGS IN PARLIAMENT AFTER THE KING'S RETURN FROM SCOTLAND. The Army Plot.—The Incident.—The Irish Massacre.— Increase of the Royalist Party.—Charles entertained by the City. —Alarm of the Patriots.— Bill for continuing the Parliament. —The Remon- strance.—Protest of the Bishops.—They are impeached—excluded from the Upper House.—Impeachment of the Five Members. The King enters the Commons. — Triumph of the Patriots. Claim respecting the Forces.—Attempt on Hull.—Preparations for War.— Siege of Portsmouth. —Raising the Standard.—State of the Dispute between the King and the Parliament 98 —— CONTENTS. CIVIL WAR. CHAP. I. STATE OF PARTIES. TAGE A common Error in judging of this Quarrel. —The Royalists. —The Parliamentarians. — State of the Country. — Sufferings of the Puritans 118 CHAP. II. MEASURES OF THE KING AND THE PARLIAMENT, FROM THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE WAR TO THE BATTLE OF NASEBY. Battle of Edgehill.—Negotiation at Colehrook.—Surprise at Brent- ford. —Negotiation renewed.—Arrival of the Queen.—Waller's Plot. —Death of Hampden. — Defeat of Sir William Waller. Spirited Conduct of the Citizens.—New Great Seal.—Treaty of Parliament with the Scots. —Charles obtains Assistance from Ireland.—Royalist Parliament at Oxford.— Battle of Marston Moor. — Oversight of Essex. — Second Battle of Newbury. Jealousies in the Parliament Army.—Rise of Cromwell—secret Conference against him—accused before the Commons—proposes the Self-denying Ordinance—becomes an Exception to it.—Army new modelled.—Disunion among the Royalists.—Depressed State of the King's Affairs. —Treaty of Uxbridge.— Battle of Naseby . 126 CHAP. III. ECCLESIASTICAL AFFAIRS. New Position of the Civil and Ecclesiastical Authorities.—Assembly of Divines.—Erastians.—The Presbyterians—the Independents their Principles and Claims.—New Directory.—Persecution of the Episcopalians.— Death of Laud 148 CHAP. IV. FROM THE BATLLE OF NASEBY TO THE FALL OF THE MONARCHY. State of the King's Affairs on his Return to Oxford.— Difficulties arising from his Insincerity.—Disclosures of it in his Letters taken at Naseby.—His Commission to Glamorgan.—Surrenders VI CONTENTS. PAGE himself to the Scots. —Proceedings in Parliament with regard to the Army.—Demands of that Body.—Impolitic Conduct of the Commons.—The King in the hands of the Army. — Hostile Move- ments in the Capital. —Military Ascendancy.—Conduct of the Army toward the King— its Plan for the Settlement of the Na- tion.—Charles rejects it.—His Removal to Hampton Court — His Intrigues with the Scots and the Royalists detected. —Altered Conduct of Cromwell. — State of the Army at this Crisis. —The Levellers—their Mutinous Conduct checked.—Charles escapes to the Isle of Wight.—Treaty of Newport.—Spread of a Revolu- tionary Feeling.—Parties Chargeahle with the King's Death .... 161 COMMONWEALTH. CHAP. I, FROM ITS COMMENCEMENT TO THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER. Establishment of the Commonwealth.—Defective State of the House of Commons at this time.— Its Authority.—Difficulties of the New Government.—Prosecution of the Royalists. —Unsettled State of the Army.—The Levellers. —Suppression of Hostilities in Ireland and Scotland.—Trial of Lilburne 191 CHAP. II. FROM THE BATTLE OF WORCESTER TO THE PROTECTORATE. Growing Power of Cromwell.—Conduct of the Parliament.—Return of the Army.—Cromwell's Question respecting a Monarchical Power.—Jealousy shewn by the Parliament.—Cromwell's Con- ference with Whitelocke.—He expels the Parliament—and dis- solves the Council of State.—The Disaffection of the Presbyterians during the Commonwealth.—Conciliatory Measures of the Go- vernment.—Execution of Love.—Toleration in Scotland.— State of Religion at this time 202 — CONTENTS. Vll THE PROTECTORATE. CHAP. I. GOVERNMENT. PAGE Cromwell's Dependance on the Army Assembles a Parliament Character of its Members—their Proceedings—dissolved.—In- strument of Government issued.—A New Parliament— Cromwell checks its Discussions — restrains its Members — dissolves it. Spread of Disaffection.— Cromwell declines the Title of King. New Plan of Government Meeting of the two Houses.—Pro- ceedings of the Lower House. —Parliament dissolved State of Parties 222 CHAP. II. ECCLESIASTICAL AFFAIRS. Cromwell's Interference in behalf of the persecuted Vaudois—Soldiers quartered upon them.—Cruelties inflicted on the Inhabitants of Lucerne.—Cromwell's Proceedings in their favour.—His Nego- tiation with France The Sufferers agree to an Adjustment proposed by their Oppressors.—State of Religious Toleration during the Protectorate.— Institution of the Triers.—Their Office —and the general Effect of their Labours.—Rise of Quakerism. Case of Nayler.—State of the Presbyterians.—The Independents. —Meeting of the Independents at the Savoy, their Confession of Faith, and its Uses.—Death of Cromwell.—His Influence on the Profession of Independency.—Observations on his Life and Cha- racter 240 CHAP. III. RICHARD, PROTECTOR. Accession of Richard Cromwell as Protector. —A Parliament.— State of the Army— Parliament dissolved by its Interference.—The Long Parliament reassembled, and dispersed. — Proceedings of General Monk The Long Parliament dissolved.—The Con- vention Parliament.—The ancient Constitution restored 266 ——— Vlll CONTENTS. CHARLES THE SECOND. CHAP. I. MEASURES OE THE CONVENTION PARLIAMENT. PAGE State of Public Feeling connected with the Restoration.—Character of Charles the Second.—The Council.—Secret Cabinet.—State of Parties in Parliaments—a Bill passed to Confirm its Authority. The Bill of Indemnity. — Sanguinary Temper of the Lords Punishment of Delinquents.—Fate of the Regicides.—Sentence inflicted on the Bodies of Cromwell, Bradshaw, and Ireton.—Trial of Sir Henry Vane—his Execution.—Adjustments of Property. Settlement of the Revenue.—Army disbanded 272 CHAP. II. ECCLESIASTICAL AFFAIRS TO THE DISSOLUTION OF THE CONVENTION PARLIAMENT. Anticipations of the Presbyterians at this time.—The Ecclesiastical Constitution restored.—Policy of the Bishops. — Restoration of the Episcopal Clergy.—Promises made to the Nonconformists Deceptions practised upon them. — The King's Declaration rejected by the Court-Party in the Parliament 296 CHAP. III. PROCEEDINGS IN THE KING'S SECOND PARLIAMENT, FROM ITS MEETING TO THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE ACT OF UNIFORMITY. New Parliament — its Proceedings. — The Savoy Conference — its Conclusion.—The