FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 1965 Report BIO 65 - 17 2

FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 1965 Report BIO 65 - 17 2

FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 1965 Report BIO 65 - 17 2 (This page Blank in the original) BEDFORD INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT 1965 Part A Atlantic Region, Marine Sciences Branch, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys. Part B Atlantic Oceanographic Group, Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Report BIO 65-17 2 (This page Blank in the original) Foreword The Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO), now in its fourth year, may be viewed as a promising experiment in the organization of resources for marine research. The activities of BIO form part of a broad national pro- gram coordinated by the Canadian Committee on Oceanography. on which eight agencies of the Federal Government and four universities are represented. The Institute houses on one campus and, in varying degrees, integrates several organizations which previously had operated more or less in isolation from one another. The largest unit is the Atlantic Region of the Marine Sciences Branch, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys of Canada (DM&TS). It has been built from both charting and ship operating sections of the Canadian Hydrographic Service, from a marine research oriented group of the Geological Survey of Canada, and by direct recruitment of staff into these and various other fields of oceanography. The Institute buildings and five ships, CSS Hudson, Baffin, Kapuskasing, Acadia and Maxwell, plus some 31 survey launches, are “owned” and operated by the Marine Sciences Branch, DM&TS. The Director of the Institute, appointed by DM&TS, is responsible for the general operations of the plant and ships and for the program and staff of the Branch in the Atlantic Region. The program embraces physical and chemical oceanography, air/sea and air/ice/sea interactions, marine geo- physics, marine geology, tides and currents, hydrographic charting, and, in support of all of these, instrument research and development. The second largest unit in the Institute is the Fisheries Research Board of Canada’s Dartmouth laboratory, known as the Atlantic Oceanographic Group. This laboratory is an independent entity within the Institute with its own Director, research program, administration, and support services, responsible to the Chairman of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada in Ottawa. Up to 1965 its main area of research was in the field of environ- mental oceanography in coastal and shelf waters of interest to fisheries. It employed a staff in the fields of physical and chemical oceanography, geology and geochemistry, as well as a small group in biological oceanography. The biological field of research is in the process of considerable expansion into new investigations concerned with the measurement of production, abundance, and distribution of fish and their foods in close conjunction with the environ- mental studies. CNAV Sackville is allocated by the Royal Canadian Navy to the Fisheries Research Board (FRB), Dartmouth, and is included in the Institute’s ship pool. In addition the biological research vessels MV A.T. Cameron and MV E.E. Prince are programmed jointly by FRB, Dartmouth Laboratory and the other biological stations on the east coast in St. Andrews, New Brunswick, and St. John’s, Newfoundland. The Institute houses the Secretariat of the International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (ICNAF). While Mr L. R. Day, Ex- ecutive Secretary, and his staff of five. participate in and contribute to the general scientific life of BIO, they are not directly concerned with its program. Also accommodated in BIO are several small groups totalling 12 persons from other branches of DM&TS engaged in activities unrelated to oceanography. Accordingly, the work of ICNAF and of these other groups is not included in this report. In keeping with the underlying objective of building a strong marine research community through effective collaboration, based upon the mutual interests of the many disciplines here represented, this Annual Report of the Bedford Institute of Oceanography is presented as a joint undertaking. Director, BIO, for Director, Marine Sciences Branch, Fisheries Research Board, Department of Mines and Dartmouth, in BIO. Technical Surveys. Table of Contents Part A - Atlantic Region, Marine Sciences Branch, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys Director’s Remarks . 11 Oceanographic Research. 12 Air-Sea Interaction. 13 Frozen Sea Research. 14 Theoretical Studies. 15 Models of ocean circulation. 15 Numerical analysis of oceanographic data . 15 Heat transfer in sea ice . 15 North Atlantic Physical Oceanography . 16 Gulf Stream . 16 Labrador Sea , . 16 Other projects . 19 Coastal Oceanography -- St. Lawrence Estuary . 19 Current Measurement Studies . 20 Bay of Fundy. 21 St. Lawrence . 21 Ocean mooring trials. 21 Chemistry and Marine Radioactivity., . 21 Chemistry. 21 Marine radioactivity . 21 Services. 22 Environmental Prediction . 22 Oceanographic Services for Defence. 22 Environmental forecasting research. 24 Prediction of waves and littoral current at Belledune Point. 24 Marine Geophysics . 25 Summary., . 25 Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 25 Orpheus anomaly and continental drift . 26 Hudson Bay and approaches., . 27 Arctic geophysics. 27 Nova Scotia continental margin. 27 Electromagnetic coastal effect. 27 Other investigations . 29 Computing Services . 29 Marine Geology. 30 General Remarks. 30 Physical Geology and Geochemistry . 30 Arctic Ocean . 30 Arctic Archipelago -- Prince Gustaf Adolf Sea . 31 Arctic Archipelago -- Barrow Strait . 31 General Baffin Bay area . 31 Northern Baffin Bay . 31 Southern Baffin Bay and Labrador Sea . 32 Hudson Bay -1. 32 Hudson Bay -2. 32 Rivière Bonaventure -- Chaleur Bay, Quebec . 32 Northumberland Strait. 34 Malpeque Bay, Prince Edward Island. 34 Scotian Shelf . 34 Continental Slope off Nova Scotia. 35 Bay of Fundy survey, western portion. 35 Micropalaeontology. 35 Arctic Ocean. 35 Arctic Archipelago. 36 Hudson Bay-l. 36 Hudson Bay-2. 36 St. Lawrence River and Gulf, and adjacent shelf . ..

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