USACMLS/MANSCEN 573-XXX-XXXX/DSN 676-XXXX CML, Army Chemical Review is pre- COMMANDANT pared twice a year by the U.S. Army BG Patricia L. Nilo 563-8053 Chemical School, Fort Leonard Wood, [email protected] Missouri. CML presents professional infor- ASSISTANT COMMANDANT mation about Chemical Corps functions COL Gary Wallace 563-8054 related to nuclear, biological, chemical, [email protected] smoke, flame field expedients, and NBC COMMAND SERGEANT MAJOR reconnaissance in combat support. Objec- CSM Peter Hiltner 563-5081 tives of CML are to inform, motivate, in- [email protected] crease knowledge, improve performance, 3d CHEMICAL BRIGADE/DSN 581-XXXX and provide a forum for exchange of ideas. COL Thomas S. Spoehr 596-0016 This publication presents professional [email protected] information, but the views expressed 82d CHEMICAL BATTALION herein are those of the authors, not the LTC John Kulifay 596-4835 Department of Defense or its elements. [email protected] The content does not necessarily reflect 84th CHEMICAL BATTALION the official U.S. Army position and does not LTC Peggy Combs 596-2414 change or supersede any information in [email protected] other U.S. Army publications. Use of news items constitutes neither affirmation of their 58th TRANSPORTATION BATTALION LTC David Nelson 596-0991 accuracy or product endorsement. [email protected] Articles may be reprinted if credit is given to CML and its authors. All photo- USACMLS Directors graphs are official U.S. Army photos un- JOINT SERVICE INTEGRATION GROUP less otherwise noted. CML reserves the LTC Frank Kohout 563-7754 right to edit material. [email protected] PERSONAL SUBSCRIPTIONS: Avail- DOCTRINE TRAINING LEADER DEVELOPMENT able through the Superintendent of ORGANIZATION MATERIEL & SOLDIERS Documents, PO Box 371954, Pittsburgh, COL Robert Dalessandro 563-6652 PA 15250-7954. [email protected] POSTMASTER: Send address changes CHEMICAL DEFENSE TRAINING FACILITY to Army Chemical Review, 320 MANSCEN LTC Christina Flanagan 596-0608 Loop, Suite 210, Fort Leonard Wood, [email protected] Missouri 65473-8929. MANSCEN By Order of the Secretary of the Army: DIRECTORATE of TRAINING DEVELOPMENT COL Kevin T. LaMar 563-4111 ERIC K. SHINSEKI [email protected] General, United States Army DIRECTORATE of COMBAT DEVELOPMENTS Chief of Staff Chemical Division Chief MAJ Lary Chinowsky 563-4078 Official: [email protected] Managing Editor , Lynne M. Sparks 573-563-4104 JOEL B. HUDSON Editor, Mattie E. Kirby 573-596-0131, 35267 Administrative Assistant to the Graphic Designer, Kathryn M. Troxell 573-596-0131, 35267 [email protected] Secretary of the Army 0231311 Front cover, background: Clockwise from top left—entrance to the Sibert Wing in Thurman Hall; exterior of Thurman Hall; aerial view of the Chemical Defense Training Facility (CDTF) Front cover, foreground: Training vignettes from the Chemical School and the Coast Guard Gulf Strike Force (GSF); see article on page 5. GST photos courtesy of Petty Office Jaime Bigelow. Back cover: Aerial view and training vignettes of the Fort Leonard Wood CDTF. THE PROFESSIONAL BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS PB 3-03-1 January 2003 Articles 5 The Chemical Corps and the Coast Guard— ○○○○ Interoperability in Action ○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Lieutenant Commander Dennis E. Branson and Petty Officer Jaime Bigelow 9 The Chemical Corps and Its Emerging Role in Homeland Security ○○○○○○Lieutenant Colonel Jon Pool 13 The Stryker Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle (NBCRV) ○○○○○○○○○ Vanguard for NBC Transformation ○○○○○○ Lieutenant Colonel Bryan J. McVeigh 15 The Chemical Officer’s Critical Role in the Targeting Process ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○Major Pete Lofy 19 CBRN Defense in the Objective Force: ○○○○○○○○○ Insights From Army Transformation War Game 2002 ○○○○○○ Major Neal Dorroh 21 A New Decontamination Training Aid ○○○○○○○○○○○○○Ms. Jocelyn Morris and Mr. James M. Cress 22 The Battle of Wilson’s Creek— ○○○○○○ Its Relevancy to Today’s Chemical Officers ○○○○○○○○ Major Thomas A. Duncan II ○○○○○○○○○○○○ 27 The History of Military Mask Filters ○○○○○○○○ Lieutenant Colonel Robert D. Walk 32 Turning a Negative JRTC Chemical Trend Into a Positive ○○○○○○○○○○○Captain Carlos E. Gonzalez 34 The Future of Decontamination Operations— ○○○○○○○○○○○○ An Analysis of Decontamination Foam 200 ○○○○ Captain Michael C. Firmin 37 Anthrax Decontamination ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○Captain Lindsey Nagtzaam ○○○○○○○○○○○ 40 All BNCOC Graduates to Get 40 Promotion Points ○○○○ Staff Sergeant Marcia Triggs Departments 2 Chief of Chemical 3 Regimental Command Sergeant Major 41 Editor’s Farewell 41 Submitting an Article to CML January 2003 1 Chief of Chemical The Chemical Corps was born out Within the coming months, you will of the need to protect soldiers from the see our new capstone Army field effects of new and devastating weapons manualFM 3-11, NBC Defense used in the trenches of the Western front Operations; the latest avoidance and during World War I. Although chemical protection doctrineFMs 3-11.3, NBC warfare provided a battlefield advantage, Contamination Avoidance, and 3-11.4, it did not prove to be a decisive weapon NBC Protection; and new comprehensive in the outcome of the Great War. The manuals covering NBC reconnaissance Chemical Warfare Service (as it was then and biological defenseFMs 3-11.19, called) equipped and trained the forces NBC Reconnaissance, and 3-11.86, with a fierce resolve. Consequently, the Biological Defense Tactics, Techni- protective equipment and training ques, and Procedures. We have worked provided by the first chemical soldiers hard to incorporate doctrinal changes, proved sufficient to contain the threat emerging issues, and technologies into posed by the chemical agents employed. these manuals. Additionally, we are Today, the threat is much broader BG Patricia L. Nilo moving toward a Web-based doctrine than the chlorine and phosgene used in the early 1900s. system where you’ll have quick access to the latest Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) available doctrine. Web-basing will also allow doctrinal warfare is less well defined, more likely in a variety of changes to keep pace with the changing operational geographic scenarios, and can be the decisive factor in environment and threats. I challenge each of you to the outcome of any conflict. CBRN offensive technologies continue to provide input to these publications and ensure continue to advance and proliferate into the hands of that we are sending the best information to our soldiers in terrorists and rogue nation states, who are more prone to the field. employ CBRN weapons as a means to tip the balance of One of our training challenges today is to adapt our power than at any point in recent history. However, one Cold-War training management to meet today’s world thing has not changedthat fierce resolve of the Dragon environment. As the Army transitions to a lighter and more Warrior to protect the forces. In the past year and a half, lethal force, we must be able to adapt our training systems. as we recover from the devastation of 9-11 and anthrax Our training developers are constantly updating and letters, I have witnessed tremendous achievements by refining this process in a job where we never get ahead. our Regiment. I continue to be in awe of the talent of the This is a critical mission to ensure that chemical soldiers chemical community and the determination with which meet the challenges of the contemporary operational every mission is accomplished. Let me tell you about a environment. Several areas were added to the training of few of our great success stories. our newest Dragon Soldiers. These include NBC room Recently, we gained approval of the Installation Force operations, consequence management, and mass casualty Protection Operational and Organizational Plan, which decontamination training. This new and forward-looking further defines the Chemical Corps’s new and expanding training will produce Dragon Soldiers capable of role in force protection and homeland security. This plan succeeding in any operational environment. delineates the Army’s force protection operational A few more successes in the training arena are the capabilities, requirements, and organizational structure addition of several courses in support of homeland defense. required to prevent, deter, defend, and respond to a The Installation Emergency Responder Trainers Course terrorist threat against Army installations. is designed to provide installation law enforcement, Chemical doctrine has been even more fully engaged emergency medical services, medical, fire fighting, ever since Transformation made its debut, and doubly so emergency operations center, and emergency rescue since 9-11. More than 75 percent of our current doctrine personnel the basic skills and knowledge needed to react is under revision. As the list of potential operational to a terrorist chemical, biological, or radiological attack. environments changes, we must continually adapt our The Installation Planner’s Course is a one-week course doctrinal procedures to deliver responsive support to the designed to familiarize installation planners, installation maneuver forces and the homeland security mission. This operations center personnel, emergency disaster planning year’s doctrine continues to work with the joint staff and officers, and emergency response working group members sister services to develop publications at the joint, with the procedures for preparing an installation