1.0 DIAGNOSIS – 6 QUESTIONS 1. Where is the narrowest band of attached gingiva found? 1. Lingual surfaces of maxillary incisors and facial surfaces of maxillary first molars 2. Facial surfaces of mandibular second premolars and lingual of canines 3. Facial surfaces of mandibular canines and first premolars and lingual of mandibular incisors* 4. None of the above 2. All these types of tissue have keratinized epithelium EXCEPT 1. Hard palate 2. Gingival col* 3. Attached gingiva 4. Free gingiva 16. Which group of principal fibers of the periodontal ligament run perpendicular from the alveolar bone to the cementum and resist lateral forces? 1. Alveolar crest 2. Horizontal crest* 3. Oblique 4. Apical 5. Interradicular 33. The width of attached gingiva varies considerably with the greatest amount being present in the maxillary incisor region; the least amount is in the mandibular premolar region. 1. Both statements are TRUE* 39. The alveolar process forms and supports the sockets of the teeth and consists of two parts, the alveolar bone proper and the supporting alveolar bone; ostectomy is defined as removal of the alveolar bone proper. 1. Both statements are TRUE* 40. Which structure is the inner layer of cells of the junctional epithelium and attaches the gingiva to the tooth? 1. Mucogingival junction 2. Free gingival groove 3. Epithelial attachment * 4. Tonofilaments 1 49. All of the following are part of the marginal (free) gingiva EXCEPT: 1. Gingival margin 2. Free gingival groove 3. Mucogingival junction* 4. Interproximal gingiva 53. The collar-like band of stratified squamous epithelium 10-20 cells thick coronally and 2-3 cells thick apically, and .25 to 1.35 mm long is the: 1. Junctional epithelium* 2. Spinous epithelium 3. Basement membrane 4. Epithelial rests of Malassez 54. All of the following are functions of the periodontal ligament EXCEPT 1. Physical 2. Formative 3. Nutritive 4. Sensory 5. All of the above* 6. None of the above 64. Which vitamin functions in collagen formation? 1. A 2. B 3. C * 4. D 65. The main functions of cementum include all of the following EXCEPT: 1. To attach the principal fibers of the periodontal ligament to the tooth 2. Compensate for loss of tooth surface by apical deposition of cementum 3. Provide sensory input in hyperocclusion* 4. Allow reattachment of connective tissue following periodontal treatment 66. Which group of gingival fibers resist rotational forces that are applied to a tooth? 1. Transeptal fibers 2. Dentogingival fibers 3. Alveologingival fibers 4. Circumferential fibers* 2 80. Sharpey's fibers are 1. Collagen fibers* 2. Elastic fibers 3. Gingival fibers 4. Oxytalan fibers 5. Transseptal fibers 81. Tissue consistency refers to 1. Thickness 2. Resiliency* 3. Texture 4. The location of the margin 5. The presence or absence of stippling 88. The mucogingival junction is located between the 1. Free gingiva and attached gingiva 2. Free gingiva and tooth 3. Attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa* 4. Base of the sulcus and alveolar mucosa 5. Gingival groove and gingival margin 89. Which tissue(s) has (have) little or no keratinization? 1. Sulcular epithelium 2. Interdental papilla 3. Palatal mucosa 4. Sulcular epithelium and alveolar mucosa 91. The fibers of the attached gingiva are mainly 1. Collagen* 2. Elastic 3. Cellulose 4. Keratinized 5. Oxytalan 93. The tissue lining of a healthy gingival sulcus consists of 1. Keratinized epithelium with rete pegs 2. Keratinized epithelium without rete pegs 3. Nonkeratinized epithelium with rete pegs 4. Nonkeratinized epithelium without rete pegs* 5. Parakeratinized epithelium with rete pegs 3 94. The gingival fibers 1. Brace the marginal gingiva against the tooth* 2. Help the tooth withstand horizontal forces 3. Keep the tooth from being forced into the bony socket 4. Form and resorbe cementum 5. Transmit sensations of occlusal forces applied to the tooth 97. The area within the periodontium most susceptible to tissue breakdown is the 1. Free gingiva 2. Gingival sulcus 3. Interdental col* 4. Interdental papilla 5. Attached gingiva 187. Gingival width apicocoronally is generally least in which of the following? 1. Facial of the maxillary first and second molars 2. Facial of the mandibular first and second molars 3. Lingual of the mandibular first and second molars 4. Facial of the mandibular first premolars* 199. Clinically, the mucogingival junction in the palatal gingiva is 1. a gently sweeping parabolic line with the peaks pointing interdentally. 2. very irregular, sometimes extending almost to the midline or the rugae. 3. a scalloped line. 4. a straight line. 5. not seen in man.* 288. Which of the following may result in an absence of stippling in areas of attached gingiva? 1. Edema of underlying connective tissue 2. Normal variation in gingival topography 3. Inflammatory degradation of gingival collagen fibers 4. Any of the above.* 5. NEITHER statement nor reason is correct. 369. Gingival stippling is a major indicator of gingival health because its presence is dependent upon the integrity of junctional epithelium. (5) 4 518. Nutrient materials for the cells of gingival epithelium are supplied primarily by way of 1. secretions of salivary glands. 2. capillaries in the prickle cell layer. 3. capillaries in subjacent connective tissue.* 4. reutilization of materials from the cornified layer. 537. Which of the following are normally occurring osseous features that may alter periodontal therapy? (a) mylohyoid ridge (b) zygomatic process (c) interdental craters (d) reverse architecture (e) external oblique ridge 2. (a), (b) and (e)* 156. Which of the following soft tissue elements (fibers) are commonly associated with relapse following orthodontic rotation of a tooth? 1. Oblique 2. Diagonal 3. Horizontal 4. Supracrestal* 197. Crevicular epithelium is one example of non-keratinized gingival tissue. Another example is (the) 1. Gingival col* 2. Marginal gingiva 3. Attached gingiva 4. Outer gingival epithelium 1. Where is the narrowest band of attached gingiva found? 1. Lingual surfaces of maxillary incisors and facial surfaces of maxillary first molars 2. Facial surfaces of mandibular second premolars and lingual of canines 3. Facial surfaces of mandibular canines and first premolars and lingual of mandibular incisors* 4. None of the above 5 3. When performing a periodontal examination on a patient, you are able to pass a Nabors probe through the buccal furcation from buccal to lingual and vice versa. The gingival margin is located at the CEJ. This furcation involvement is classified as . 1. I 2. II 3. Ill* 4. IV 24. The local signs of inflammation include all of the following EXCEPT 1. Redness 2. Heat 3. Purulence* 4. Swelling 5. Pain 33. The width of attached gingiva varies considerably with the greatest amount being present in the maxillary incisor region; the least amount is in the mandibular premolar region. 1. Both statements are TRUE* 34. When using a periodontal probe to measure probing depths, the tip may or may not stop at the base of the periodontal pocket. What factors can influence accuracy of the measurement? 1. Size of probe 2. Probing force 3. Degree of inflammation 4. Presence of deposits 5. All of the above* 38. In a suprabony pocket the base is located apical to the crest of the alveolar bone; an intrabony pocket's base is coronal to the crest of the bone. 2. Both statements are FALSE* 48. Pseudopockets are not associated with loss of attachment; dilantin (phenytoin) hyperplasia is an example of a condition that can exhibit pseudopockets. 1. Both statements are TRUE* 6 61. All of the following are used to assess the health of gingival tissues EXCEPT 1. Color 2. Contour 3. Consistency 4. Amount* 75. A pseudopocket (or gingival pocket) is formed by the 1. Coronal migration of the gingival margin* 2. Coronal migration of the epithelial attachment 3. Apical migration of the gingival margin 4. Apical migration of the epithelial attachment 5.Apically directed resorption of the alveolar crest 76. Periodontal pockets can BEST be detected by 1. Radiographic detection 2. The color of the gingival tissues 3. The contour of the gingival margin 4. Probing the sulcular area* 5. Noting the presence or absence of bleeding on probing 95. Which of the following is the first clinical feature of inflammatory periodontal disease? 1. Tooth mobility 2. Drifting of the anterior teeth 3. Periodontal pocket formation 4. Gingival recession 5. Bleeding on probing* 101. During a periodontal examination a 4 mm pocket is detected on the direct facial surface of tooth no. 19. The gingival margin is located at the cementoenamel junction. What type of pocket is this? 1. Pseudopocket 2. Periodontal pocket* 3. Gingival pocket 4. Combination pseudopocket and periodontal pocket 5. Combination gingival and periodontal pocket 106. A mucogingival problem exists when 1. The base of the pocket extends apically to the mucogingival junction* 2. The base of the pocket is coronal to the mucogingival junction 3. There is less than 3 mm of attached gingiva 4. There is less than 5 mm of alveolar mucosa 5. There is significant bone loss 7 126. A probe reading of 6 mm measures the distance from the 1. Marginal ridge to the epithelial attachment 2. Epithelial attachment to the gingival margin* 3. Alveolar crest to the gingival margin 4. Cementoenamel junction to the gingival margin 5. Cementoenamel junction to the epithelial attachment 127. Which of the following is the most reliable clinical sign of gingival inflammation? 1. Redness of the gingiva 2. Loss of stippling 3. Blunted papillae 4. Bleeding upon gentle probing* 5. Probing depth 150. Bleeding upon gentle probing is indicative of 1. food impaction. 2. crestal bone loss. 3. ulceration of the sulcular epithelium.* 4. apical migration of the epithelial attachment. 5. all of the above. 151. When the free margin of the gingiva is enlarged as a result of inflammation, its crest moves 1.