Journal of Philosophy and Ethics Volume 1, Issue 3, 2019, PP 5-13 ISSN 2642-8415 From Self-Knowledge to Theology in the Light of the Words of Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) and Poetry of Rumi Mohammad reza Afroogh Ph.D1*, Ali reza Khajegir Ph.D2, Mohsen Fahim Ph.D1 1Faculty of Law and Theology, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad branch, Najaf Abad, Iran 2Faculty of literature and human sciences, Shahrekord University, Shaherkord, Iran *Corresponding Author: Mohammad reza Afroogh Ph.D, Faculty of Law and Theology, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad branch, Najaf Abad, Iran, Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Self-knowledge is the most beneficial knowledge and the greatest possible success for human beings. Religious reformers and divine mystics always have a special interest in human beings; they always think of the human being and of his dowries and desires, as though their anthropology was composed of various dimensions such as epistemic, moral, and social. It is also very important. Therefore, the depiction and explanation of the characteristics of the mystical man indicates their concern for man and his existential grandeur. Self-knowledge is correlated with the calculation of self and self-evaluation, which Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) 1 guides to the servants of God in his unique, heavenly words and Rumi in his unique poems. In this article, we use the opinions and ideas of Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) and the expression of the elegant verses of Rumi, as well as the interpretations that are dependent on their verbal and literary texts; we study the role and effect of self-knowledge as a great way to connect The Absolute Truth. The present study is a descriptive-comparative study and data were analyzed using content analysis method in a library method. 1Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) is the first Imam of Shia among Muslims. This great unique man has been praised by all religions and denominations because of his superiority in knowledge and virtue Keywords: self-knowledge, love, consciousness, theology, intuition INTRODUCTION The inspirational words of Imam (P.B.U.H) about self-knowledge have a proactive, Self -knowledge is recommended as the greatest encouraging, and promising role for human benefit of it, which has implications and beings. Imam (P.B.U.H) interprets self- important consequences in the individual and knowledge for the great prosperity, the superior social life of man. The consequences of knowledge, the knowledge of perfection, and anything can be divided into two groups: 1. the consciousness that the depth of Strategic 2. Applied; Strategic implications understanding of each of these interpretations point to a more or less fatal role. Self- requires their content analysis in the light of knowledge in the growth, education, and patience and long effort. On the other hand, in religion has a fundamental and strategic role. Islamic mysticism, in his works, Rumi has The implications of applied point to the addressed the issue of God and soul, and the subordinate results and, of course, point out that importance of the process of animation and the union of lover and beloved. Therefore, the they can be applied in individual and social life. inspirational process or the knowledge of the (Qaralamkhi, Ahd, 1397, p. 163) In the words of soul and the soul of the knowledge of the truth Imam Ali (P.B.U.H), many points have been are introduced; for self-knowledge allows the made about the works and blessings of self- immediate penetration of mankind to divine knowledge. These unique and unbelievable manifestation and perceives the true realm for points can be divided into two categories: 1. the them. Accordingly, the school of God and expression of the results, benefits, and practical Masnavi are among the ways Theology, effects of self-knowledge. 2. The expression of pathology, and paths of spiritual life have been the role and strategic position of self-knowledge regarded as superior to the path, and the mystics in the individual, collective and civilization of can be described as "self-aware" and "God- mankind. conscious". Journal of Philosophy and Ethics V1 ● 13 ● 2019 5 From Self-Knowledge to Theology in the Light of the Words of Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) and Poetry of Rumi Rumi has a special interest in humans. He also however, not the physical dimension is not contemplates both human being and his ideas, important, but because the spiritual dimension that is, in the words of Rumi, anthropology is of of man is due to certain attributes and Points great importance in various aspects, especially that the body lacks is more needed; for example, epistemological, ethical and social. Therefore, the spiritual dimension of man is the main the drawing and explanation of the features of source of change, and the human body is the mystical man indicates the concern of Rumi actually a tool in the service of the spirit and its which is in relation to man and his existential purposes. Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) emphasized the grandeur. Of course, it should be noted that recognition of human creation as a human Rumi's attitude towards man is more than the being, and how people come to think about mystical and creative aspect, so that theoretical where to go and where to go from human mysticism, practical action is a special place in extermination. Imam (a) mentions the true his thought that this attitude to man by him knowledge of man from his creation and the manifests the epistemic existential dimensions, quality of his formation and his stages of as well as the nature of human truth and, in development and physical development as one particular, the perfect man's attributes. of the existential dimensions of man. He considers this knowledge to be of importance to In Rumi's view, human being is composed of man; in wisdom he says: I wonder From the two truths of the body and soul, each of which arrogant man who wasted a debris yesterday and has its own specific characteristics. The physical tomorrow will be spoiled, and I wonder who aspect of his resemblance and proximity to looks at the creation of phenomena and doubts nature and the animal itself, while his spiritual about God's existence. (Nahj al-Balaghah, 2008, dimension shows the high spiritual tendencies in Wisdom 126) him, indicates that he has moved from this land to this earthly and material world, And away The recognition of the soul and the strengths from the original home, he pays special and weaknesses of that point are emphasized by attention to the greatness of man in the creation Imam Ali (P.B.U.H), in order to be considered of all its dimensions and makes him the essence. based on a proper strategy for strengthening and The abstract of the universe and the universe eliminating the weaknesses; anthropology, knows that other beings are like attributes and euphony, corruption, etc. The quality of its attributes towards him (Sobhani, 1373-1893) recognition and what is the soul and also what is 1 its attribute? What features? Which one is it? SELF-KNOWLEDGE IN THE ALAWITE What are its strengths and weaknesses? All of TRADITIONS these questions and the appropriate answers, of 1The Holy Prophet Mohammad’s Family course, depend on the identification of self- efficacy. Whenever these questions find the Imam Muhammad Baqhir (P.B.U.H) says: "God right answers, when they are well-known, does not accept the transcendental action except naturally one has to provide the appropriate by knowing and there is no knowledge except behavior in order to achieve success in the by the act, then, the one who knows, denotes the shadow. Therefore, the reason that Imam Ali same knowledge of the act, and the one who (P.B.U.H) emphasizes on his own self and his does not does not act; surely some belief has knowledge is the same; as well as the position of been made of some others. (Qolini, Ya'qub, man in the collection of creation, his existential 1407 AH, p. 1, p. 44) The look of Imam value and his human dignity, his thoughts and (P.B.U.H) is self-consciousness, a look at feelings, all of which are all. Which should be identifying the disadvantages of the soul and taken into consideration, and Lane himself will coping with the erotic demands and treating the be the culprit of the quality of self-knowledge. internal pain of man; in fact, the view of Imam (Qaralamky, Ahd, 1397, p. 274) Bāqhr (P.B.U.H) on Self-knowledge is more about the aspect of human self-production. Self- SELF-KNOWLEDGE IN THE WORDS OF creation which is the fruit of interaction with us, IMAM ALI (P.B.U.H) God, others, and our environment is in fact the Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) says about self- real self- knowing. knowledge: "The one who gained knowledge of Self-knowledge in a general view influences self-knowing has gained the greatest of good both the body and the soul of man, but in the luck and prosperity" (Amidi, Abdul Wahid, eyes of Imam Ali (P.B.U.H), the recognition of 1366, p. 232) which means that he considers the human spiritual dimension is a priority; self-knowledge equal to the great prosperity. In 6 Journal of Philosophy and Ethics V1 ● 13 ● 2019 From Self-Knowledge to Theology in the Light of the Words of Imam Ali (P.B.U.H) and Poetry of Rumi the Holy Quran, one of the qualities is the Great Lack of Knowledge and Losses Success that is known as self- knowing and it It has been emphasized in many narratives that, has been used in the case of the great paradise.