1 AN ANALYSIS OF LASKAR PELANGI NOVEL BY USING BIOGRAPHICAL CRITICISM SKRIPSI Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan (S. Pd) English Educational Program By : DWI CAHYA SAPUTRI NPM : 1402050067 FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 2 3 4 5 6 ABSTRACT Saputri, Dwi Cahya, 1402050067 , ‘An Analysis of Laskar Pelangi Novel By using Biographical Criticism ‘. Skripsi: English Departement, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. Medan, 2018. This research showed that the biography of the author indirectly attached and gave an overview of the actual content of the novel. The relationship between Andrea Hirata as a author with his work entitled Laskar Pelangi was a major topic of discussion. The objectives of this research were to find out the theme of the novel and relationship between Laskar Pelangi novel with Andrea Hirata’s Biography. Descriptive qualitative method was carried out to analyze the data. The source of the data was taken from the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata.In collecting the data, some references related biographical criticism were applied. The data were analyzed by reading the novel, underlining statement of Laskar Pelangi novel that related to Andrea Hirata, analyzing and describing the relationship between Laskar Pelangi novel with Andrea Hirata’s biography. It was concluded that the theme was the compelexity of Ikal’s life , Andrea Hirata was someone who liked to dream in the run of his life. However, the dream he would try to become a reality, and there was the relationship between the biography of Andrea Hirata to the content of Laskar Pelangi novel. Keyword : Biograpy Criticism , Laskar Pelangi novel , theme 7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb In the name of Allah, the most beneficent, the most merciful, praise to Allah the Lord of Universe. Firstly, the researcher would like to thank to Allah the most almighty who has given her the chances in finishing this skripsi. Secondly, bless and peace was upon the prophet Muhammad SAW as afigure of good civilization, intellectual, braveness, loving knowledge. That is why the researcher has enough ability in writing this research. In writing this research entitled “ An Anlysis of Laskar Pelangi Novel by Using Biographical Criticism”, with the purpose for submitting in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Sarjana degree of English Department, there were so many obstacles faced the researcher and certainly without help from many people, especially the following people. It was difficult for the researcher to accomplish this research. Thus, the researcher would like to express her thanks first to her deasert parents Mr. SURIONO and Mrs. SURIYATNI, for their pray, advice, courage, moral and material support from she born until forever. Then the researcher also would like to thank : 1. Dr. Agussani M.AP, the Rector of University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. 2. Dr. Elfrianto Nst S.Pd, M.Pd, the Dean of FKIP UMSU who has given her the recommendation to carry out the research. 8 3. Mandra Saragih S.Pd, M.Hum, and Pirman Ginting, the Head and Secretary of English Department at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, UMSU for encouragement in completing the research. 4. Halimah Tussa’diah SS, MA, her supervisor who has given valuable thoughts, advice, supports, suggestion, ideas, critics, motivations, smile and guiding in doing the research. 5. Mandra Saragih S.Pd, M.Hum, her reviewer who has given critics and suggestion. 6. All lectures especially those of the English Education Program for giving valuable knowledge during the academic year at FKIP UMSU. 7. Her beloved sisters Yoan Chintia and little sister Yunda Nadia and Bariel Rafly who has given her support. 8. Her Special friend Masyanto Dcs, thanks a lot for the support, advice, critics, and your motivation. 9. Her beloved friends in A Class Evening especially Della Raditya Syahputri Sitorus, Pranata Sukendro, Ratih Kumala Sari, Cindy Kurnia, Ariza Nur Alvi and etc. Finally, the researcher would like to express her best gratitude and deep appreciations for all people who love and help her. May Allah the Most Almighty bless all. Amin. Medan, March 2018 The Writer DWI CAHYA SAPUTRI 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... i ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................ ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... iv LIST OF APPENDIXES ............................................................................... vi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1 A. The Background of the Study ...................................................................... 1 B. The identification of the Study .................................................................... 3 C. The Scope and Limitation ........................................................................... 3 D. The Formulation of the Study ..................................................................... 3 E. The Objectives of the Study ........................................................................ 4 F. The Significance of the Study ..................................................................... 4 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ............................................. 5 A. Theorical Framework .................................................................................. 5 1. The Nature of Literary Theory and Criticism .......................................... 5 2. Relationship between Literary Theory and Literary Criticism ................... 6 3. The Nature and and Meaning of Literary Criticism ................................. 7 4. Functions of Literary Criticism .................................................................. 9 5. Biographical Criticism ................................................................................ 10 5.1 Fundamental Tenets of Biographical Criticism .................................. 13 5.2 Shortcomings of Biographical Criticism . ........................................... 15 5.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Biographical Criticism .................. 16 6. Laskar Pelangi Novel .................................................................................. 17 10 7. Biography of Andrea Hirata ........................................................................ 19 B. Previous Study ............................................................................................. 21 C. Conceptual Framework ............................................................................... 23 CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH................................................ 25 A. Research Design ......................................................................................... 25 B. Sources of Data .......................................................................................... 25 C. Technique of Collecting the Data ................................................................ 26 D. Technique of Analyzing the Data ................................................................ 26 CHAPTER IV DATA AND ANALYSIS ................................................... 28 A. Data Collection .......................................................................................... 28 B. Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 47 C. Findings ..................................................................................................... 59 CHAPTER V .................................................................................................. 61 A . Conclusion ................................................................................................ 61 B. Suggestion .................................................................................................. 62 REFERENCES APPENDIXES 11 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 1: Sinopsis Laskar Pelangi Novel Appendix 2: All Chapters Laskar Pelangi Novel Appendix 3: From K-1 Appendix 4: From K-2 Appendix 5: From K-3 Appendix 6: Lembar Pengesahan Proposal Appendix 7: Berita acara Bimbingan Proposal Appendix 8: Surat Keterangan Appendix 9: Lembar Pengesahan hasil proposal Appendix 10: Surat Pernyataan Plagiat Appendix 11: Surat Izin Riset ke Perpustakaan UMSU Appendix 12: Surat Balasan Riset Dari Perpustakaan UMSU Appendix 13: Berita Acara Bimbingan Skripsi 12 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. The Background of the Study Literature is writing that is valued as work of art, fiction, drama and poetry. In other words, literature is a personal expression of feeling including experience, idea and motivation in a concrete description in written stories. Kinds of literature are novel, short story, play,poetry, etc. but in this research, it is focused on novel since novel provides story in detail, long and complex than any other literary works mentioned above. There are two ways for people to transmit information to others. First, they directly transmit the information by speaking to other people. Second, they write the information through a piece of writing such as a note, a newspaper, book, catalogue,novel, poem, and many more. This kind of transmission is called literature. There are two main concerns in analyzing literary works; by using Extrinsic Element and