ICHD-3 beta Cephalalgia 33(9) 629–808 ! International Headache Society 2013 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0333102413485658 cep.sagepub.com Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version) Copyright Translations The International Classification of Headache Disorders, The International Headache Society expressly permits 3rd edition (beta version), may be reproduced freely for translations of all or parts of ICHD-3 beta for purposes scientific, educational or clinical uses by institutions, of field testing and/or education, but will not endorse societies or individuals. Otherwise, copyright belongs them. Endorsements may be given by member national exclusively to the International Headache Society. societies; where these exist, such endorsement should be Reproduction of any part or parts in any manner for sought. All translations are required to be registered commercial uses requires the Society’s permission, with the International Headache Society. Before which will be granted on payment of a fee. Please con- embarking upon translation, prospective translators tact the publisher at the address below. are advised to enquire whether a translation exists ß International Headache Society 2013. already. All translators should be aware of the need Applications for copyright permissions should be sub- to use rigorous translation protocols. Publications mitted to Sage Publications Ltd, 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 reporting studies making use of translations of all or City Road, London EC1Y 1SP, United Kingdom (tel: any part of ICHD-3 beta should include a brief descrip- þ44 (0) 20 7324 8500; fax: þ44 (0) 207 324 8600) tion of the translation process, including the identities (www.sagepub.co.uk). of the translators (of whom there should always be more than one). ß International Headache Society 2013 630 Cephalalgia 33(9) First Headache Classification Committee Members of third headache classification working groups Jes Olesen, Denmark (Chairman) Working group on migraine: Andre´Bes, France Robert Kunkel, USA J Olesen, Denmark (Chairman) James W Lance, Australia ([email protected]) Giuseppe Nappi, Italy S Evers, Germany; A Charles, USA; A. Hershey, Volker Pfaffenrath, Germany USA; R Lipton, USA; M First, USA; H Bolay, Frank Clifford Rose, United Kingdom Turkey; M Lante´ri-Minet, France; EA MacGregor, Bruce S Schoenberg, USA UK; T Takeshima, Japan; HW Schytz, Denmark. Dieter Soyka, Germany Peer Tfelt-Hansen, Denmark (Secretary) Working group on tension-type headache: K Michael A Welch, USA Marica Wilkinson, United Kingdom L Bendtsen, Denmark (Chairman) ([email protected]) S Ashina, USA; MT Goicochea, Argentina; Second Headache Classification Committee K Hirata, Japan; K Holroyd, USA; C Lampl, Jes Olesen, Denmark (Chairman) Austria; RB Lipton, USA; DD Mitsikostas, Marie-Germaine Bousser, France Greece; J Schoenen, Belgium. Hans-Christoph Diener, Germany David Dodick, United States of America Working group on trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias: Michael First, United States of America Peter J Goadsby, United Kingdom P Goadsby, USA (Chairman) Hartmut Go¨bel, Germany ([email protected]) Miguel JA Lainez, Spain C Boes, USA; C Bordini, Brazil; E Cittadini, UK; James W Lance, Australia A Cohen, UK; M Leone, Italy; A May, Germany; Richard B Lipton, United States of America L Newman, USA; J Pareja, Spain; J-W Park, South Giuseppe Nappi, Italy Korea; T Rozen, USA; E Waldenlind, Sweden. Fumihiko Sakai, Japan Jean Schoenen, Belgium Working group on other primary headache disorders: Stephen D Silberstein, United States of America Timothy J Steiner, United Kingdom (Secretary) S-J Wang, Taiwan (Chairman) ([email protected]) A Ducros, France; S Evers, Germany; J-L Fuh, Third Headache Classification Committee Taiwan; A Ozge, Turkey; JA Pareja, Spain; Jes Olesen, Denmark (Chairman) J Pascual, Spain; M Peres, Brazil; W Young, USA; Lars Bendtsen, Denmark S-Y Yu, China. David Dodick, United States of America Anne Ducros, France Working group on headache attributed to trauma or injury Stefan Evers, Germany to the head and/or neck: Michael First, United States of America Peter J Goadsby, United States of America T Schwedt, USA (Chairman) Andrew Hershey, United States of America ([email protected]) Zaza Katsarava, Germany I Abu-Arafeh, UK; J Gladstone, Canada; S-J Morris Levin, United States of America Huang, Taiwan; R Jensen, Denmark; JMA Lainez, Julio Pascual, Spain Spain; D Obelieniene, Lithuania; P Sandor, Michael B Russell, Norway Switzerland; AI Scher, USA. Todd Schwedt, United States of America Timothy J Steiner, United Kingdom (Secretary) Working group on headache attributed to cranial or Cristina Tassorelli, Italy cervical vascular disorder: Gisela M Terwindt, The Netherlands Maurice Vincent, Brazil A Ducros, France (Chairman) Shuu-Jiun Wang, Taiwan ([email protected]) ß International Headache Society 2013 ICHD-3 beta 631 M Arnold, Switzerland; M Dichgans, Germany; R Cady, USA; C Fernandez de las Pen˜ as, Spain; E Houdart, France; J Ferro, Portugal; E Leroux, D Friedman, USA; V Guidetti, Italy; J Lance, Canada; Y-S Li, China; A Singhal, USA; Australia; P Svensson, Denmark. G Tietjen, USA. Working group on headache attributed to psychiatric Working group on headache attributed to non-vascular disorder: intracranial disorder: M Vincent, Brazil (Chairman) DW Dodick, USA (Chairman) ([email protected]) ([email protected]) M First, USA; E Loder, USA; AE Lake III, USA; S Evers, Germany; D Friedman, USA; S Kirby, F Radat, France; JI Escobar, USA. Canada; B Mokri, USA; J Pascual (Spain); M Peres, Brazil; A Purdy, Canada; K Ravishankar, Working group on painful cranial neuropathies and other India; P Sandor, Switzerland; W Schievink, USA; facial pains: R Stark, Australia; F Taylor, USA. Z Katsarava, Germany (Chairman) ([email protected]) Working group on headache attributed to a substance or R Benoliel, Israel; C Sommer, Germany; A Woda, its withdrawal: France; J Zakrzewska UK; V Aggarwal, UK; MB Russell, Norway (Chairman) L Bonamico, Argentina; D Ettlin, USA; S Graff- ([email protected]) Radford, USA; J-P Goulet, Canada; L Bendtsen, Denmark; J-L Fuh, Taiwan; SJa¨a¨skela¨inen, Finland; V Limmroth, Germany; Z Katsarava, Germany; AV Krymchantowski, A Michelotti, Italy; D Nixdorf, USA; Brazil; M Leone, Italy; K Ravishankar, India; M Obermann, Germany; R Ohrbach, USA; A Tugrul, Turkey; NJ Wiendels, The Netherlands. J Pereira-Monteiro, Portugal; P Pionchon, France; T Renton, UK; S De Siqueira, Brazil; C Wo¨ber- Bingo¨l, Austria. Working group on headache attributed to infection: C Tassorelli, Italy (Chairman) Working group for appendix disorders and criteria: ([email protected]) E Marchioni, Italy; V Osipova, Russia; GM Terwindt, The Netherlands (Chairman) K Ravishankar, India; L Savi, Italy; F Sakai, ([email protected]) Japan; JR Berger, (USA). Acknowledgements Working group on headache attributed to disorder of The work of the Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society is financially supported homoeostasis: exclusively by the International Headache Society. There J Pascual, Spain (Chairman) has been no commercial sponsorship of the International ([email protected]) Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. M Bigal, Brazil; C Bordini, Brazil; J Gonza´lez We gratefully acknowledge the support of Timothy Steiner, Menacho, Spain; F Mainardi, Italy; A Ozge, first for his efforts as honorary secretary of the Classification Turkey; J Pereira-Monteiro, Portugal; M Serrano- Committee and second for his work on copy-editing and pre- Duen˜ as, Ecuador. paration of this manuscript. Working group on headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure: M Levin, USA (Chairman) ([email protected]) ß International Headache Society 2013 632 Cephalalgia 33(9) Table of Contents Preface 633 How to use the classification 634 Classification 636 Part one: the primary headaches 1. Migraine 644 2. Tension-type headache 659 3. Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias 665 4. Other primary headache disorders 672 Part two: the secondary headaches Introduction 684 5. Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck 686 6. Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder 694 7. Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder 713 8. Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal 725 9. Headache attributed to infection 740 10. Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis 749 11. Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure 759 12. Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder 770 Part three: painful cranial neuropathies, other facial pains and other headaches 13. Painful cranial neuropathies and other facial pains 774 14. Other headache disorders 787 Appendix Definition of terms 788 ICHD-3 beta 633 Preface After two very successful editions of the International for reimbursement purposes; we must have them Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD), a third right. is now close to being final. The members of the We publish ICHD-3 beta immediately on the Classification Committee have all worked hard for International Headache Society’s website, and shortly three years in order to accomplish this beta version. after