DETAILED REPORT ON HARDNESS TEST 1 Table of Contents ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 5 BRIEF INTRODUCTION ABOUT ME -: ............................................................................................................. 5 MY DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES AT RINE ENGINEERING PVT LIMITED,BADDI,INDIA -: .......................... 6 ABOUT UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE ........................................................................................................ 9 COMPONENTS OF UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE ....................................................................................... 9 STEPS FOR USING UTM ............................................................................................................................... 14 OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................................................... 17 LITREATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................................... 17 STRESS AND STRAIN RELATIONSHIP ........................................................................................................... 20 YOUNG'S MODULUS, E ................................................................................................................................ 22 ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH, ΣTS ............................................................................................................ 25 FRACTURE STRENGTH, ΣF ............................................................................................................................ 26 TENSILE DUCTILITY ...................................................................................................................................... 27 WORK HARDENING EXPONENT, N .............................................................................................................. 27 MODULUS OF RESILIENCE, UR .................................................................................................................... 29 TENSILE TOUGHNESS, UT ............................................................................................................................ 29 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT ..................................................................................................................... 34 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE ...................................................................................................................... 34 TENSILE TEST EXAMPLE ............................................................................................................................... 35 CALCULATION FOR ALUMINUM SPECIMEN ................................................................................................ 36 THEORY ....................................................................................................................................................... 38 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................................... 39 HARDNESS TEST: ......................................................................................................................................... 39 ABOUT BRINELL HARDNESS TEST ................................................................................................................ 41 COMPONENT OF BRINELL HARDNESS TESTER ............................................................................................ 41 STEPS FOR CONDUCTING HARDNESS TEST ................................................................................................. 43 OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................. 44 2 | P a g e INTRODUCTION TO EXPERIMENT ............................................................................................................... 44 PROCEDURE OF THE EXPERIMENT .............................................................................................................. 48 RESULTS, COMPUTATIONS AND GRAPHWORK .......................................................................................... 48 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS ..................................................................................................................... 49 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................... 50 VICKERS HARDNESS TEST ............................................................................................................................ 52 THEORY ....................................................................................................................................................... 52 STEPS FOR CONDUCTING TEST ................................................................................................................... 52 OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................................................... 53 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 53 MATERIAL & METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................................... 55 PROCEDURE ................................................................................................................................................ 56 GENERAL PROCEDURE: ............................................................................................................................... 56 RESULTS & DISCUSSION .............................................................................................................................. 57 RESULTS ...................................................................................................................................................... 57 CALCULATIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 57 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................................................. 59 ANSWERS FOR QUESTIONS: ........................................................................................................................ 59 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................... 60 LIMITATION AND ERROR OF THE EXPERIMENT .......................................................................................... 61 LIMITATIONS ............................................................................................................................................... 61 ERRORS........................................................................................................................................................ 61 PRECAUTIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 61 3 | P a g e ABSTRACT Hi I am Rajesh Bain. This report by me is for giving a detailed idea of my experiences and knowledge that I have gained while working in Rine Engineering Pvt Limited,Baddi,India from 1996 to 1997. These reports include -: 1. Detailed steps required to check Ultimate tensile strength using universal testing machine of any specimen, 2. Steps to check and record Brinell hardness of specimen, 3. Detailed explanation for Vicker Hardness test 4. Detailed explanation to test Rockwell hardness. In this report I have tried my best to summarize all the things that I have learnt during my stay at Rine Engineering Pvt Limited,Baddi,India , in simple and effective manner. After going through this report we can learn the steps involved in process mentioned above also learn how to extract data from the report to make it useful practically in any firm. This report can be used as a guide to perform above mentioned test but before doing this reader should verify the information in these report with standard practices as mentioned in various codes books of their respective regions. 4 | P a g e INTRODUCTION Brief Introduction about Rine Engineering Pvt Limited,Baddi,India Rine Engineering Pvt Limited,Baddi,India is Manufacturer and supplier of customized sand and grey iron. Established in 1991 at Baddi. They are ISO 9001: 2000. JAS –ANZ and RDSO certified company. Indian railways, Bharat Heavy electrical Limited, BEML are some of their prestigious client, Rigorous Quality test, and Excellent packing solutions and dimensional accuracy make them unique in the industry. They offer wide array of steel, Grey Iron and SG Iron casting. Steel Casting Grades offered by them are well known for their durability and reliability. They also provide steel casting that are highly efficient. Along with that they offer steel casting for LHB bogie , They are highly instrumental in presenting a wide spectrum of grey Iron