DoCon)1111T J. BD183537 sp 015697 AUTfrOR Zeigler, Patle TITLE Issues in North.American Sport ma.4 Thysical EACcation. - , SPONS AGENCy American Alliance 'fot Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERW.. ; PUB DA,TE 79 NOTE .295p. - AVAILABLE FROM AAHPERD Prómotiou, 101 Sixteenth Street, Washington,- Dtc 20036. (15.95) EDRS PRICE .MF01 Plus Postage,* PC NotAvaliablh froi DESCRU3TOR S *Athletics: Beliefs: Competition: *Edlicational Philosophyv Evaluation Methods: Foreign Countries; Futures .(of Society): Personal Values; *Physical Education: Socialization: *Sociml Problems ABSTRACT Problem issues in sports, physical educatlon, and recreation are discussed from within the contex.t of educatian4 Culture, and society, and as influenced by the authors',,personal values. The topics which are discussed include: the 5-Pecific social forbes that influehce 'the direction of .society-and thus of sport and physical education: the appli.cation of philosphy tofitness,sport, physical recreation and athletics: redefinitions of amateur', semi-professional, and professional sports and their relationships to education, community ajencies and society: and the inv-estigation of instrinsic and extrinsic- values from Olympic competition- Also defined an-d analyzed ere thci relationships of. active participation in exercise, dance, and physical re-creation to life enrichment:, the concept of progress in the fidld, and': the fo-e,ecast'ing of the futuro bas,ed on the professrion's past. The role of women in Athletics and the changing relationship between, Eastern and W-estern-ograms of physitsal education art) also considered.(A.uthor) It* , **********************************44***********04************C4********* * ",Reproductions supplied by FURS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************** 4 "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS _MATERIAL _IN MIONOFVRE ONLY HAS BEEN ORANTED BY 4 S DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH. EDUCATION IL WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE or , EDUCATION Tills DOCUMENT HAS DEENREPRO- tKED EXACTL Y ASRECEIVED FROM PERSON OR ORGANII(AlION ORIGIN- TO THE EDUCATIONALRE8OURdES AT14014 G IT POINTSOr VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED 00 _yOT NECESSARIL INFORMATION Cp4TER (ERIC)." SENT OF r Ifetu NATIONAL Y REPRE INSTITUTE OE 1 EDUCATION PoSiTION...ORPOLICY 2 I. 4tor ISSUES IN NORTH AMERICAN wonAND. PHYSICAL EDUCAriON ,Earle ZOgler Professor of Physic'al Education The University of Western Ontario c. I 0 r a AMERICAN ALLIANCE FOR HEALTH, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, AND RECREATION 3 ^ 4 ,. /.. 4 pubiciuens COPYRIGHT 1979 AMERICAN ALLIANCE FOR HEALTH, )4* PHYSICAL EDUCATION, AND RECREATION } Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved.This book, or parts thereof, may notbe reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher. For information, address the Alliance,1201 Sitteenth Street, N. W., Washington, DC 20036. r Order from: AAHPER Promotion 1201 Sixteenth Street, N.W. Washington, pc ).0036 Contents Foreword . Preface vii IPhys1ca Education and Sport Phi losOply 1, Spor ty and Physical Activity's Role in the Behavioral 3 Science Image of Man and Woman 2 A Model, for the Optimum Development of a Social 15 Force Known as Sport 3Persistent Problems of Sport and Physical Activity in 24 Education: An Agnostic, 'Existentialistic Interpretation 4Proposal for the Establishment of University Centers38 for the History, Philosophy and Comparative Aspects of Physical Education and.Sport IIManaiement of Physical Education and Sport 5Theoretical Approaches to Administrative ..Action in 57 Physical Education and Athletics 6Intramurals: Profession, Discipline, or Part Thereof? 69 7Advantages ofa Totally Unified Organizational Struc-. 76 r ture for Physical Education and Sport in a University Setting UI The Canadian Scene 8An Evolving Canadian Tradition in the New World of 131 PilySical Education andSport 9Canada at the'Crossroads in International Sport 92 10Values Offered by High-Level Sport Competition 104 11 Management of Effective Programs and Services in111 . Health, Physical Education, Recreation amf Competi- five Sport in the Commdnity Colleges of Ontario IV The United States Scene 12 A Time to Put "Soul" in Sport and Physical Educatio4129 13Histprical Perspective on Contrasting Philosophies.of138 Professional Preparation for Physical Education in the United States 14 A Brief Analysis of Freedom in Competitive Sport 156 V Conceptual and Language Analysis 15 An Analysis of the Claim that "PhysicalEducation"169 Has Become a "Family Resemblance" Term 16 -A Brief Analysis of the Ordinary LanguageEmployed184 in the Professional Preparation of Sport Coaches and Teachers 17 A Metaethical Analysis of 'Work' and 'Play' as Related193 to North Ameridan Sport VI The 'Discipline' find the 'Profession' 18Relationships in Physical Education: A Viewpoint from213 History and Philosophy 19 The Behavioral Sciences and Physical Education ,(N. j VII Looking to the Future 20Shquld "East Meet West" in Physical Education Phi-237 losophy? 21The. Education of "Ecological Man": impljcations for245 Sport and Physical Education 22 The Future as History in Sport and PhysicalEducatio9262 23 The Future in Physical Education and Sport 277 Index 289 '74 Foreword We Oance round in a ring and suppose, But the Secret sits in the middle and knows. Robert Frost A reader should "suppose" that any publication on the results and conclusions of research in "a ring" of academic specializations around sport and physical/education will fulfill a dual purpose. The content will 'contribute significant knowledge to one of the specialized links in the circular discipline around sport and physical education and it will also relate that knowledge to an issue which "sits in the middle" of the field. Earle F. Zeigler is a scholarly writer who fulfills that dual purpose uniquely alid with distinction. The research teehniques wiiich Dr. Zeiglevuses are from philosophy, history and 'administration. His studies are designed to reveal, analyze and draw conclusions on significant central problems in sport and physical education. He views problems from within the context of educa- tion and culture and as influenced by personal and societal values. Some problem issues with which Dr. Zeigler deals in this book include: the specific .social forces which influence the direction of society and there- fore of sport and physical education; the-diverse philosophies of fitness, sport,,physical recreation and athletics; redefinitions of amateur, semi- professional and professional sports and their relationships to education, community agencies and society; and the investigation of intrinsic and extrinsic, values from Olympic competition. Dr. Zeigler also defines and analyzes the relationship of active participation in exercise, dance and physical recreation to life.enrichment; the concept of progress in the field; the forecasting of the future based upon the profession's past; and much more. The personal attributes which affect Earle Zeigler's scholarly work are a sensitive inquiring mind, human compassion, an optimistic outlook, a solid formal education in the litieral arts and sciences, a zest for pro- ductive professional work, rich experiences as a coach and physical educator, and successful leadership as an administrator. He has had years of experience in teaching andguiding graduate students in physi- cal education who have become successful spjecialists in history,philoso- phy and a.dministration. You will become directfy involved with Dr. Zeigler ashe challenges and guides you in this book. "Man is aproblem solvirig organism in process of tvolution on earth," Dr.Zeigler assents, and "Hold to the ultimate achievements of human progress." You must work out your own ideal of sport and physicaleducation.. To do so it is essential to examine "your philosophic foundations as they relate to thevalues and norms of North American society." Theideas and beliefs you express should be identical with your practices. "Sport and physicalactivity under highly professional leadership can be a powerful social force." You can count in the shaping of that force.. Reading this book will giVe you renewed zest for sport and physical education as an academic discipline and for its professionalprictice. You will feel closely associated, with this leader and Alliance Scholar Lecturer who wants you to care for the field of sport and physical educa- tion as much as he does. LAURA J. HUELSTER Professor Emeritsi of Physical Education, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Past-Chairperson of Physical ExIcation Division, American Associatiiin of Health; Physical Education and Recreation e vi 4 . Preface .0* 4 This volume presents selected papers prepared and delivered f om 1973 to 1977. These presentations were made largely in North Amen and cover a number of the vital issues or problems Confronting the field of physical education and sport in the 1970s. Part I includes papers discussing the role of sport andphysical activity in the so-called good life, a model for the optimum de4lopment of sport, an analysis ofsome of the implications of existentialism for physical educaition and sport, and the development of university centers for the promotion of the history, philos.opliy and international aspects of the field. The ihree pipers in Part II relate to the development of management theory and practice -in physical education and sport. They discuss the need for theoretical approaches to administrative action; analyze the present status and possible future