Sermons Preached Upon Several Occasions. Vol. VII. Author(s): South, Robert, (1634-1716) Publisher: Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library Description: Sermons XLVII.-LXII. i Contents Title Page. 1 Prefatory Material. 2 The Chief Heads of the Sermons. 2 Sermons 18 Sermon XLVII. Romans xii. 18. 18 Sermon XLVIII. Romans xii. 18. 34 Sermon XLIX. Romans xii. 18. 52 Sermon L. Romans xii. 18. 69 Sermon LI. Romans vi. 23. 85 Sermon LII. Matthew v. 8. 97 Sermon LIII. Galatians v. 24. 110 Sermon LIV. Habakkuk ii. 12. 127 Sermon LV. 1 John iii. 8. 140 Sermon LVI. Matthew ii. 3. 150 Sermon LVII. Matthew x. 37. 162 Sermon LVIII. Ephesians iii. 12. 178 Sermon LIX. Ephesians iii. 12. 186 Sermon LX. Ephesians iii. 12. 194 Sermon LXI. Genesis vi. 3. 205 Sermon LXII. Matthew v. 2. 230 Alterations. 245 Index to the Posthumous Sermons, Contained in the Three Last Volumes. 246 Appendix. 272 Advertisement. 273 On the Matyrdom of King Charles I. 275 Ecclesiastical Constitutions to be strictly maintained. 290 ii The certainty of a judgment after this life. 307 Indexes 329 Index of Scripture References 330 Index of Scripture Commentary 333 Greek Words and Phrases 334 Latin Words and Phrases 336 Index of Pages of the Print Edition 339 iii This PDF file is from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library, www.ccel.org. The mission of the CCEL is to make classic Christian books available to the world. • This book is available in PDF, HTML, and other formats. See http://www.ccel.org/ccel/south_robert/sermons07.html. • Discuss this book online at http://www.ccel.org/node/4965. The CCEL makes CDs of classic Christian literature available around the world through the Web and through CDs. We have distributed thousands of such CDs free in developing countries. If you are in a developing country and would like to receive a free CD, please send a request by email to [email protected]. The Christian Classics Ethereal Library is a self supporting non-profit organization at Calvin College. If you wish to give of your time or money to support the CCEL, please visit http://www.ccel.org/give. This PDF file is copyrighted by the Christian Classics Ethereal Library. It may be freely copied for non-commercial purposes as long as it is not modified. All other rights are re- served. Written permission is required for commercial use. iv Title Page. Title Page. SERMONS i PREACHED UPON SEVERAL OCCASIONS, BY ROBERT SOUTH, D.D. PREBENDARY OF WESTMINSTER, AND CANON OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD, A NEW EDITION, IN SEVEN VOLUMES. VOL. VII. OXFORD, AT THE CLARENDON PRESS. MDCCCXXIII. ii iii 1 Prefatory Material. The ChiefPrefatory Heads Material.of the Sermons. THE CHIEF HEADS OF THE SERMONS. VOL. VII. SERMONS XLVII. XLVIII. XLIX. L. ROMANS xii. 18. If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men. P. 1. 31. 64. 97. Christianity the last and most correct edition of the law of nature: every precept of it may be resolved into a natural reason; as advancing and improving nature in the higher degrees and grander concerns of it. Christianity takes care for man, not only in his religious capacity, but also in his civil and political, binding the bonds of government faster, by the happy provisions of peace, 1. I. The shewing what is implied in the duty here enjoined. II. What are the measures and proportions by which it is to be determined. III. What are the means by which it is to be determined. IV. What the motives by which it may be enforced. I. The duty here enjoined is, live peaceably; which may be taken, 1. For the actual enjoyment of peace with all men: and so he only lives peaceably, whom no man molests. But this cannot be the sense intended here, (1.) Because so to live peaceably is impossible, 1. From the contentious, unreasonable humour of many men, 2. 2. From the contrary and inconsistent interests of many men, 5. (2.) Because, though it were not im- possible, it can be no man’s duty, 6. For a peaceable behaviour towards all men; which is the duty here enjoined: it seems adequately to consist of two things, 1. A forbearance of all hostile actions; and that in a double respect. (1.) In a way of pre- vention, 8. (2.) Of retaliation, 10. iv 2. A forbearance of injurious, provoking words, 13. II. The measures and proportions by which it is to be determined are expressed in these words: if it be possible, 15. Now possible may be taken two ways: 1. As it is opposed to naturally impossible, and that which cannot be done, 15. 2. As opposed to morally impossible, and that which cannot be done lawfully, 15. But the observance of peace being limited by the measure of lawful, all inquiries con- cerning the breaking of it are reducible to these two: 2 The Chief Heads of the Sermons. 1. Whether it be at all lawful. 2. Supposing it lawful, when and where it ought to be judged so. Under the first is discussed that great question, whether war can be lawful for Christians, 17. War is of two distinct kinds. 1. Defensive, in order to keep off and repel an evil designed to the public. 2. Offensive, for revenging a public injury done to a community. And it is al- lowable upon the strength of these arguments: (1.) As it (the defensive) is properly an act of self-preservation, 17. (2.) As it (the offensive) is a proper act of distributive justice, 19. (3.) Because St. John the Baptist, Christ himself, and the apostles, judged the employment of a soldier lawful, 21. The ground of the Socinians’ arguments in this case, viz. that God, under the Mosaical covenant, promised only temporal possessions to his people, therefore war was lawful to them; but now, under the covenant of grace through Christ, has made no promise of tem- poral enjoyments, but on the contrary bids us to despise them, and therefore has taken from us all right of war and resistance. This argument examined and confuted, 23. And The scriptures produced by those who abet the utter unlawfulness of war examined and explained. As, v I. Matt. v. 39. Rom. xii. 17, 19. 28. II. Isaiah ii. 4. 31. III. Matthew xxvi. 52. 33. IV. James iv. 1. 34. Under the second inquiry, supposing it lawful, when and where it ought to be judged so? First, some general grounds, that may authorize war, are laid down. As when those with whom we are at peace, 1. Declare that they will annoy us, unless we cut off our limbs, &c. and upon our refusal disturb us, 37. 2. Declare war with us, unless we will renounce our religion, 37. 3. Injure us to that degree as a nation, as to blast our honour and reputation, 38. 4. Declare war with us, unless we will quit our civil rights, 38. Secondly, some particular cases are resolved; as, First case. Whether it be lawful for subjects in any case to make war upon the magistrate? 39. Grotius’s seven cases, wherein he asserts it to be lawful, 41. David Parseus his arguments, in a set and long dispute upon Rom. xiii. examined and answered, 43. 3 The Chief Heads of the Sermons. Second case. Whether it be lawful for one private man to make war upon another in those encounters which we commonly call duels? 49. And here are set down, 1. The cases in which a duel is lawful. As (1.) When two malefactors condemned to die are appointed by the magistrate to fight, upon promise of life to the conqueror, 49. (2.) When two armies are drawn out, and the decision of the battle is cast upon a single combat, 50. (3.) When one challenges another, and resolves to kill him, unless he accepts the combat, 50. 2. The cases in which duels are utterly unlawful. As (1.) When they are undertook for vain ostentation, 52. (2.) To purge oneself from some crime objected, 53. (3.) When two agree upon a duel, for the decision of right, mutually vi claimed by both, agreeing that the right shall fall to the conqueror, 53. (4.) When undertaken for revenge, or some injury done, or affront passed, 54. But other arguments there are against duels, besides their unlawfulness. As, 1. The judgment of men generally condemning them, 57. 2. The wretched consequences of the thing itself; which are twofold: (1.) Such as attend the conquered person, viz. ]. A disastrous death, 58. 2. Death eternal, 59(2.) Such as attend the conqueror. 1. In case he is apprehended, 60. 2. Supposing he escapes by flight, 61. 3. Supposing by the intercession of great friends he has outbraved justice, and triumphed over the law by a full acquitment, 62. Third case. Whether it be lawful to repel force by force, so as to kill another in one’s own defence? 64. If a man has no other means to escape, it is lawful upon two reasons. 1. The great natural right of self-preservation, 65. 2. From that place where Christ commands his disciples to provide themselves swords, 65. Add to this, the suffrage of the civil law, 66. Yet so to assert the privilege as to take off the danger, it is stated under its due limitations by three inquiries. 1st, What those things are which may be thus defended; namely, 1. Life, 66. 2. Limbs, 67. 3. Chastity invaded by force, 69.