Enjoying “Joiners” Inspired by: David Hockney's Kasmin Los Angeles 28th March 1982 Students: 5th-8th grade (Gang Stage) Time needed: (4) 35-minute class periods Lesson Submitted by: Ali Drube , Luther College Elementary Education Student Contact Info: Student: [email protected], Professor Lovelace: [email protected] Goal: Students will use just 20 photographs created on an iPad to create a photo collage in the style of Hockney's "joiners" that establishes a sense of motion, while maintaining unity throughout. Objectives: Students will be able to define "joiners" and understand Hockney’s process of creating a portrait photo collage. Students will make a plan for their photography process by creating a sketch grid, and will work on framing each shot according to their sketch plan. Students will select 20 photos to include in their "joiner" photo collage and arrange them in a way that shows motion but also creates a composition representing unity within the portrait photo collage. Vocabulary: "Joiner"- a term David Hockey created for his Polaroid photo collages. These photo collages represent a unified portrait or scene, but make the viewer feel as though they are in motion. Polaroid- an instant camera, invented in 1948 that self-developed its photos. Also refers to the photograph the camera produces. Portrait- a picture or photograph showing the likeness of a person (especially their face) Grid- a network of uniformly spaced horizontal and vertical perpendicular lines Unity- the feeling of harmony between all parts of the work of art, which creates a sense of completeness Materials: 24 iPads (1 iPad per/student or share between 2 students if needed) Box of costumes (hats, scarves, funny glasses, shirts, skirts, etc.) 1 sheet of white 9x12 80 lb acid-free sketchbook paper per student 1-#2 yellow pencil per student 1 ruler per student 1 sheet of heavy weight 9x12 tag board (white) per student 1 glue stick per student About the Artist: David Hockney was born in England on July 9, 1937, and was always interested in art. From 1953 to 1957 he began his art career at Bradford School of Art, where he received traditional training in drawing from life and produced many figure drawings, portraits and cityscapes. He then attended the Royal College of Art in London. After graduating with a gold medal, Hockney sold out at his first solo exhibition, David Hockney: Pictures with People, in 1963. He traveled to New York and met with artists such as Andy Warhol and Dennis Hopper and then moved to Los Angeles, CA. Influenced by the landscape that surrounded him, Hockney enjoyed painting images of the swimming pools, people and houses in L.A. Later in his career, Hockney discovered the art of photo collages with Polaroid photos, or what he called “joiners”. Hockney’s discovery came in the late 1970’s, when he compiled a collage of Polaroids for a home he was painting. As his style shifted from painting to photo college, so did his use of materials. His use of technology for art making has included the photocopier, fax machines, laser printers, and iPad apps. Title of Artwork, Date executed: Kasmin Los Angeles 28th March 1982, was one of Hockney's "joiners", created from composite Polaroid in 1982. Hockney discovered the art of these "joiners" in the late 1970s, when he compiled a collage of Polaroids for a home he was painting. He realized that the photo collage made the viewer feel like they were in motion. He also felt that by taking a series of shots from different angles, his "joiners" showed the passing in time through still images. This particular "joiner" is a portrait of Hockney's friend John Kasmin. Kasmin was a British art dealer and gallery owner, and he often featured Hockney's work in his galleries. Motivation (20 minutes): Introduce to the students that today they would be learning about a British artist named David Hockney. Explain how after art school in London, David Hockney moved to Los Angeles, California and his subject matter reflected the landscape around him. Pull up the slides with his swimming pool paintings. Introduce the image of Kasmin Los Angeles 28th March 1982 letting them observe the artwork for about 30 seconds. Lead them through the 4-step process of active looking and discussion (Describe, Analyze, Interpret, Decide) by asking these questions: What do you see? What materials do you think David Hockney used to make this artwork? What are the colors like? How is this similar or different to Hockney's other works of art we have seen? How is this similar or different from a photograph that you might take at home? How does this picture make you feel? Tell students that in the early 1980s, David Hockney "accidently" discovered a new way to make art. He was taking Polaroid photos of a Los Angeles house that he wanted to paint, and when he put all of his individual Polaroid together, he realized they made a sort of collage. He liked the way the photo collage looked, so he started making more of them. David Hockney named these photo collages "joiners". Ask Students if they have heard of a Polaroid camera. If not, explain how a Polaroid works. Show the website of Hockney's "joiners" and explain that he used not only people, but also places as the subject of his artwork. Discuss portraiture. Explain to students that this "joiner" is a portrait of Hockney's friend Kasmin. Share with the group that Hockney's artwork often included portraits of his friends, family and other people who were important to him. Transitional Sentence: Like David Hockney, many of us have friends in this class that are important to us. Using Hockney's "joiners" as inspiration, we are going to create our own portrait photo collages of each other using the camera app on the iPad. Activity: Day 1 (20+ minutes) After the motivational set, continue to look at Kasmin Los Angeles 28th March 1982. Explain that David Hockney wanted to give the illusion of motion through his "joiners". Then introduce the idea of unity. Ask the following questions while looking at the artwork: Where have you heard the word 'unity' before? What could unity mean in an artwork? Unity means that there is harmony between all the pieces, and it makes sense together. Does Hockney's work have unity? Why or why not? How can you tell? Explain to the students that they will be working with a partner to create a photo collage similar to Hockney's "joiners". They will each get to use 20 small photographs, no more and no less, to create their larger collage. Discuss how each student can assure that when the photographs are joined together he/she will have a collage that feels unified. Explain the process of creating a general plan for which photographs to take using grids. Teacher Demonstration using grid to plan out photo collage. 1. Explain one partner (subject) sits or stands in the position the other student (artist) wants them to occupy for the portrait. 2. The artist completes a simple sketch of what you see. Remember, no details are necessary, just capture the general shapes you see and the outline of the person’s body. 3. Next, a grid is created over the sketch. First a ruler is used to make a rectangular boarder around the sketch. This rectangular boarder will end up representing the general outline of your photo collage. Teacher should point out the boarder around Kasmin. Then draw 3 evenly spaced vertical lines and 4 evenly spaced horizontal lines, across the paper using your ruler to keep them straight. We now have a grid that is 4 boxes wide and 5 boxes tall (20 boxes total). This grid will serve as a reference for which photographs should be taken. 4. Choose a box within the grid and frame that photograph with the iPad camera. Give students 30 seconds to find a partner and stand with them and review the concepts of the day. What are three facts about David Hockney? What is a 'joiner"? How did Hockney show unity in his collages? How can sketch grids help you plan out your portrait? Day 2 (30 +minutes) There should be step-by-step instructions on the board of what to do for the day, in case students forget. (1. Gather Materials 2. Artist #1 creates a sketch grid 3. Artist #1 takes their photographs 3. Artist #1 saves 20 photographs in a folder) Ask students to decide which partner will go first as the “artist”. Each artist will go over to the costume box and choose 1-3 props for their partner to wear, then choose where to have the “subject” sit or stand and pick a comfortable pose for him/her. The "subject" partner will pick up piece of sketch paper, a pencil and an iPad at the same time. The "artist" will then make their sketch and their grid, and begin taking their photographs with the iPad. They may take more than 20, but they will have to choose 20 in the end and put the 20 they want in a folder with their name on it. (May need to review or do a mini lesson on how to take a picture with the iPad). Tell students to get as much done as they can. The goal is for Artist #1 to have their 20 photos saved by the end of the class. *If Artist #1 has not finished yet, the partners will leave their furniture as is, write their names and iPad number on a piece of paper, fold the costumes into a neat pile at the back of the room and put their name paper on top of it, and return the iPads to the front of the room.