TurkJVetAnimSci 30(2006)151-157 ©TÜB‹TAK ResearchArticle NewPelagicGastropodaSpeciesEncounteredontheTurkish CoastoftheLevantSea CemÇEV‹K1,AhmetKIDEYS2,BeninTOKLU1,DenizERGÜDEN1,ErcanSARIHAN1 1DepartmentofBasicSciences,FacultyofFisheries,ÇukurovaUniversity,Balcal›01330,Adana-TURKEY 2InstituteofMarineSciences,MiddleEastTechnicalUniversity,Erdemli33731,Mersin-TURKEY Received:20.01.2004 Abstract: Inthiswork,9speciesofpelagicgastropodswerestudiedduringbottomtrawlingandnetsamplingforzooplanktonof AkkuyuinErdemliandin‹skenderunBay(thenortheasternMediterranean).Amongthose,Pterotracheahippocampus Phlippi,1836, Cavoliniatridentate (Forsskal,1775),Limacina(Munthea)trochiformis (D’Orbigny,1836),andCorollaspectabilis (Dall,1871)were firstrecordsforTurkishmolluskfauna,andtheremaining, Atlantaperonii Lesuer,1817,FiroloidadesmarestiaLesuer,1817,Clio pyramidata Linné,1767,Creseisacicula Rang,1828,andCreseisvirgula Rang,1828werefirstrecordsfortheMediterraneancoast ofTurkey. KeyWords: Turkishcoast,LevantSea,pelagicmollusks Türkiye’ninGüneyAkdenizSahillerindeRastlananYeniPelajik(Gastropoda)MolluskaTürleri Özet: Buçal›flmada,‹skenderunKörfezi,ErdemliveAkkuyubölgesindeyap›lanZooplanktonvediptrolüçal›flmalar›s›ras›nda örneklenen9pelajikGastropoda(Molluska)türüincelenmifltir.Butürlerden4’üPterotracheahippocampus Phlippi,1836,Cavolinia tridentate (Forsskal,1775),Limacina(Munthea)trochiformis (D’Orbigny,1836),Corollaspectabilis (Dall,1871)Türkiyek›y›lar›nda, 5’iise(Atlantaperonii Lesuer,1817,FiroloidadesmarestiaLesuer,1817,Cliopyramidata Linné,1767,Creseisacicula Rang,1828, Creseisvirgula Rang,1828)Türkiye’ninAkdenizk›y›lar›ndailkkezrastlanmaktad›r. AnahtarSözcükler: Türkiyek›y›lar›,LevantinDenizi,pelajikmolluska Introduction firstrecordedin‹skenderunBaybyAkyüz(3),Gökalp Mollusks,whichliveaholoplanktoniclifeinpelagic (4),andGücüetal.(5). areas,arecomposedofvarioussub-groupsincludedin AdditionaldatawererecordedbyKimorandwood(6) theclassGastropoda.Whilethereareapproximately andPasteuretal.(7)intheEasternMediterranean, 17,000membersofthisclasslivinginpelagicandbenthic includingtheNortheasternMediterraneancoast.Inthis zonesofseasallovertheworld(1),only150members study,9speciesofpelagicmollusks,sampledwitha liveinpelagiczonesasholoplanktonicanimals(2). zooplanktonnetordeeptrawlingduringsurveys HeteropodaofthesubclassProsobranchiaand conductedatvariousperiodsintheNortheastern Thecosomata(shelledPteropoda)andGymnosomata MediterraneancoastofTurkey,arereported. (unshelledPteropoda)ofthesubclassOpisthobranchia constitutethemajorityofthisgroup.Someofthese species,whicharedistributedprimarilyintropicaland MaterialsandMethods sub-tropicaloceansandseas,areveryimportantfor Thespeciesobtainedinthisstudywereencountered marineecosystems. duringbottomtrawlingandzooplanktonstudies Earlydataconcerningthepelagicmollusksalongthe conductedonFebruary9,2000inBabadilPort,situated NortheasternMediterraneancoastlinesofTurkeywere betweenSancakCapeandBesparmakIsland,andonMay 151 NewPelagicGastropodaSpeciesEncounteredontheTurkishCoastoftheLevantSea 23,2003in‹skenderunBay,theNortheastern sampleswerecollectedduringswimminginfrontofthe Mediterranean(Figure1). InstituteofMarineSciences,Erdemli,andinMersinBay AMediterranean-typebottomtrawlandanUNESCO onSeptember10,2002andJune14,2003,respectively. WP2modelstandardzooplanktonnetof200µmmesh Collectedmaterialwasfixedin4%formalin.Forthe sizeandadiameterof57cmwereused.Additional identificationofthespecieswereferredtotheliterature TURKEY Figure1.Mapofthestudiedareaswithlocationsofsamplingstations. 152 C.ÇEV‹K,A.KIDEYS,B.TOKLU,D.ERGÜDEN,E.SARIHAN (2,8-13).Sincethepseudoconchesof Synonyms: Pterotracheaapunctata Bonnevie,1920, Pseudothecosomata,whichwereobtainedbybottom Pterotracheacuvierli Chamisso&Eysenhardt,1821, trawling,werebroken,drawingsofthesespecieswere Pterotracheagibbosa (Lesueur&Peron,1817), completedbyusingsomeothermorphologicalbody Pterotracheaorthophalmus (Tesch,1906),and characteristicspresentedbyVanderSpoelandDadon Pterotracheaxenoptera Tesch,1906. (13).Systematicsoftheidentifiedspecieswereexamined Material: 2individualswereobtainedbyhorizontal accordingtoSabellietal.(14). surfaceplanktontowing.Meanlength:75mm;locality: ‹skenderunBay(lat36°09’N,long36°42’E);sampling Results date:23.05.2003. Inthisstudy,9pelagicgastropods(3Prosobranchia Description: Thereisnoshelloroperculumand and6Opisthobranchiaspecies)wererecorded.Ofthese tentaclesarelacking.Thesuckerontheswimmingfinis species, Pterotracheahippocampus Philippi,1836, presentonlyinmales.Thehighlytransparentbodyis Cavoliniatridentata (Forsskal,1775), Limacina elongatedandcylindrical,withpigmentspotsembedded (Munthea)trochiformis (D’Orbigny,1836),and Corolla inthetransparentepidermis.Thesmallvisceralmassis spectabilis Dall,1871werefirstrecordsinTurkishseas. mostlyembeddedintissuewithinthemainbodyaxis, Atlantaperonii Lesueur,1817, Firoloidadesmarestia , withgillbranchesprojectingfromthebody.Eyesare Lesueur,1817, Cliopyramidata Linné,1767, Creseis triangular.Thevisceralmassistwiceaslongasitiswide acicula Rang,1828,andCreseisvirgula Rang,1828were (9,13). firstrecordsfortheMediterraneancoastlineofTurkey. Distribution: EasternMediterranean:Cyprus. Thedescriptionanddistributionofthespeciesareas WesternMediterranean:IonianSea,SouthernFrance, follows: WesternItaly,andSicily.AtlanticandIndo-PacificOceans Subclass: Prosobranchia (13). Family: Firolidae Subclass: Opisthobranchia Pterotracheahippocampus Philippi,1836(Figure2) Family: Cavolinidae Figure2.Pterotracheahippocampus Philippi,1836;length:75mm. 153 NewPelagicGastropodaSpeciesEncounteredontheTurkishCoastoftheLevantSea Cavoliniatridentata (Forsskäl,1775)(Figure3). Limacina(Munthea)trochiformis (D’Orbigny,1836) Synonyms: Cavoliniaaffinis (D’Orbigny,1836), (Figure4). Cavoliniabermudensis VanderSpoel,1974, Cavolinia Synonyms: Limacinacontorta Sykes,1905and complanata (Gegenbaur,1855),and Cavolinianatans Limacinanaticoides Souleyet,1852. (Abildgaard,1791). Material: Ofthenumerousspecimensthatwere Material: 4individualswereobtainedbyhorizontal collectedwithahandbucketfromtheshoreinfrontof surfaceplanktontowing.Meanlength:10mm;locality: theInstituteofMarineSciences5kmwestofErdemli BabadilPort(lat36°06’N,long33°28’E);sampling (NortheasternMediterranean)duringabloomofthis date:9.02.2000. species,45wereexamined.Meanshellheight:0.8mm; Description: Shellwithflatdorsalside;moderately locality:Erdemli(lat36°35’N,long–34°15’E); developedribsontheventralside;moderatelyvaulted.A samplingdate:14.06.2003. light-brownhueovervirtuallytheentireshell.Nokeel Description: Highspireandbodywhorlincreasing alonglateralsides.Shellmarginbetweencaudaland rapidlyindiameter,withupto5rapidlygrowing lateralspinesisconcaveanditsupperstretchismoreor colorlesswhorls.Ithasanarrow,deepumbilicus.Thicker lessstraightandhorizontal.Growthlineisfaintand partsalongthecolumellaandupperaperturelipare transversestriationispoorlydeveloped.Tipsofthe purple-brownandsmooth,exceptforfaintgrowthlines. lateralspinesaredirectedslightlycaudal.Thecaudalspine Ithasaclearsuture.Columellarapertureborderis isshortandstraight.Well-developedarch-shapedribsat slightlyconcave.Wingprotrusionsareabsent.Embryonic thebaseofthedorsallip(13). shellwithspiralornamentationofirregularlyramifiedflat Distribution: EasternMediterranean:Egypt,Cyprus, ridgesandadepressionseparatingprotoconchIandII. andAegeanSea.WesternMediterranean:AdriaticSea, ProtoconchIissmoothandprotoconchIIhasgrowth WesternBasin(NorthernandCentralAreas,North lines.Shellheight:1mm(13). Africa).EasternAtlantic:France,Portugal,Morocco, Distribution: EasternMediterranean:LevantSeaand Madeira,andCanaryIslands.WesternAtlantic:North AegeanSea.WesternMediterranean:AdriaticSea, America,Antilles.Indo-WestPacific:EastAfricaand WesternBasin(CentralArea),andAlboranSea.Eastern Madagascar.SouthAustralianregion:Tasmania.East Atlantic:From41°NsouthtoBrazil.Indo-Pacific: Pacific:CaliforniaandGalapagosIsland(13). Somalia,ArabianSea,GulfofOman,andPersianGulf. Family: Limacinidae EastPacific:CaliforniatoPeru(15). Figure3.Cavoliniatridentata (Niebuhr,1775exForskal,ms);length:10mm. 154 C.ÇEV‹K,A.KIDEYS,B.TOKLU,D.ERGÜDEN,E.SARIHAN samplingdate:10.09.2002.Karatafl(lat36°26’N,long –35°12’E);samplingdate:18.07.2003.BabadilPort (lat36°06’N,long–33°28’E);samplingdate: 17.09.2003. Description: Swimmingdiscisbroadlyroundto quadrangular,sometimeswith2depressionsinthe posteriormargin(13),andwithslightindentationsalong theanteriorandlateralmargins( Gleba,however,has distinctindentationsontheanteriormargin)(2).Small mucusglandsareobservedalongtheborderofthe swimmingdisc.Proboscisisthickandshort,andits lengthandwidtharenearlyequal( Gleba hasathinand longproboscisanditslengthisgreaterthanitswidth) (10). Distribution: AtlanticandPacificOceans(13),andthe Figure4. Limacina(Munthea)trochiformis (D’Orbigny,1836);height: 0.8mm. Mediterranean(14). Family: Cymbuliidae Discussion Corollaspectabilis Dall,1871(Figure5). Sincethereisalackofsufficientstudiesonpelagic Synonyms: Corollavitrea (Heath&Spaulding,1901) mollusksinTurkishseas,theirexistence,population Material:5individualswereobtainedduringthe density,anddistributionarenotpreciselyknown. bottomtrawlingsurveysand1individualwasobtained Theonlyworkofthisnaturefoundintheliterature duringswimminginfrontoftheInstituteofMarine wasofthezooplanktonof‹zmirBay,whichwas Sciences,Erdemli.Meandiameterofswimmingdisc:68 conductedbyOnmuflin2002(16),andwasastudyof mm;locality:Erdemli(lat36°35’N,long–34°15’E); thedistributionofCreseisacicula. Figure5.Corollaspectabilis Dall,1871;diameterofswimmingdisc:68mm. 155 NewPelagicGastropodaSpeciesEncounteredontheTurkishCoastoftheLevantSea