John Hajnal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 9/30/09 11:14 AM John Hajnal From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia John Hajnal (26 November 1924 – 30 November 2008), born John Hajnal-Kónyi, was Professor of Statistics, London School of Economics, 1975-86.[1][2] Contents 1 Education 2 Career 3 Notes 4 References Education University College School, London and Balliol College, Oxford. Hajnal is known for identifying, in a landmark 1965 paper [3] the historical pattern of marriage of northwest Europe in which people married late and many adults remained single. The geographical boundary of this unusual marriage pattern is now known as the Hajnal line. Career Royal Commission on Population, 1944-48 United Nations, New York, 1948-51 Office of Population Research, Princeton University, 1951-53 Manchester University, 1953-57 London School of Economics, 1957-86 (reader, 1966-75, professor 1975-86) Visiting Fellow Commoner, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1974-75 Visiting Professor, Rockefeller University, 1981 He was a member of the International Statistical Institute and was elected FBA in 1966. Notes 1. ^ http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/alumniRelations/newsAndPublications/obituaries/2008/hajnal.htm London School of Economics obituary] 2. ^ Jewish Chronicle obiutary (http://www.thejc.com/articles/obituary-john-hajnal) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hajnal Page 1 of 2 John Hajnal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 9/30/09 11:14 AM 3. ^ "European Marriage Patterns in Perspective," in Glass and Eversley, eds., Population in History, Essays in Historical Demography, 1965 References Who's Who, 2006 Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hajnal" Categories: 1924 births | Academics of the London School of Economics | Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford | British Jews | British mathematicians | British statisticians | Fellows of the British Academy | Old Gowers | 2008 deaths | Statistician stubs This page was last modified on 16 August 2009 at 08:25. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of Use for details. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hajnal Page 2 of 2 Hajnal line - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 9/30/09 11:14 AM Hajnal line From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Hajnal line links Saint Petersburg, Russia and Trieste, Italy. In 1965, John Hajnal discovered it divides Europe into two areas characterized by a different levels of nuptiality. West of this line, the average age of women at first marriage was 24 or more, men 26, spouses were relatively close in age, and 10% or more of adults never married. East of the line, the mean age of both sexes at marriage was earlier, spousal age disparity was greater and marriage more nearly universal. Subsequent research has amply confirmed Hajnal's continental divide, and what has come to be known as the 'Western European marriage pattern', although historical demographers have also noted that there The line in red is Hajnal's. The dark blue lines are significant variations within the region. show areas of high nuptiality West of the Hajnal line The Western European pattern of late and non-universal marriage restricted fertility massively, especially when it was coupled with very low levels of childbirth out of wedlock. Birth control took place by delaying marriage more than suppressing fertility within it. Women's life-phase from menarche to first birth was unusually long, averaging ten to twelve years. The region's late marriage pattern has received considerable scholarly attention in part because it appears to be unique; it has not been found in any other part of the world prior to the Twentieth Century. The origins of the late marriage system are a matter of conjecture prior to the 16th Century when the demographic evidence from family reconstitution studies makes the prevalence of the pattern clear. Many historians have wondered whether this unique conjugal regime might explain, in part, why capitalism first took root in Northwestern Europe, contributing to the region's relatively low mortality rates, hastening the fragmentation of the peasantry and the precocious formation of a mobile class of landless wage-earners. Others have highlighted the significance of the late marriage pattern for gender relations, for the relative strength of women's position within marriage, the centrality of widows in village land inheritance, and the vitality of women's community networks. See also Demographic transition References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajnal_line Page 1 of 2 Hajnal line - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 9/30/09 11:14 AM Hajnal, John (1965): European marriage pattern in historical perspective en D.V. Glass and D.E.C. Eversley, (eds.) Population in History, Arnold, Londres Coale, Ansley J. & Roy Treadway, (1986): The Decline of Fertility in Europe, Princeton University Press. Levine, David (1977): Family Formation in an Age of Nascent Capitalism, Academic Press. Seccombe, Wally, (1992): A Millennium of Family Change, Feudalism to Capitalism in Northwestern Europe, Verso. Goran Therborn, (2004): Between Sex and Power, Family in the World, 1900-2000, Routledge Press (see pp. 144-45). Mary S. Hartman (2004): The Household and the Making of History, A Subversive View of the Western Past, Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajnal_line" Categories: Demographic maps | Demography This page was last modified on 17 June 2009 at 11:34. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of Use for details. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajnal_line Page 2 of 2.