CHILD FRIENDLY CITY Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan CHILD FRIENDLY CITY Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan Astana, 2015 Child friendly city Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan 3 UDC 347.61/64 LBC 67.404.4 C 52 Content List of abbreviations 4 Introduction 5 What is a child-friendly city? 7 C 52 Child Friendly City. Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan History of the CFC initiative worldwide and in Kazakhstan 8 64 pages. Astana, 2015. Why participate in the CFC initiative 9 ISBN 978-601-7523-25-1 How to become a child-friendly city (rayon): detailed process 10 The publication describes the step-by-step process of the Child Friendly City Initiative implementation in the Republic of Kazakhstan and includes practical tools for monitoring and assessment of children’s situation in cities and rayons. Selected indicators for Kazakhstan and assessment of children’s situation 11 The methodology was developed by UNICEF in Kazakhstan with support from the Committee for Child Rights Protection of Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The opinions expressed in this 1. Assessment of local government structures and processes in fulfilling children's rights 11 publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Committee for Child Rights Protection of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan or UNICEF Office in 2. Assessment of outcomes of sectoral policies and action plans 12 Kazakhstan. 3. Assessment of children's perspectives and opinions on a city’s (or rayon’s) child-friendliness 16 The publication is not for sale. Any information from this publication may be freely reproduced, but proper acknowledgement of the source must be provided. UDC 347.61/64 Annexes LBC 67.404.4 Design by: Daniil Zdorov. Annex I: Assessment checklist for akimats and interested local bodies on necessary conditions Cover drawing by: Asyl Barakov, Astana. for implementing the ‘Child Friendly City’ initiative 17 Committee for Child Rights Protection Annex II: ‘Child Friendly City’ indicators 23 of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan House of Ministries, 11 Entrance Annex III: Instructions on data collection for ‘Child Friendly City’ indicators 27 Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan Tel: +7 (7172) 74 19 94, 74 19 32 Annex IV: ‘Child Friendly City’ survey for children aged 8–12 41 www.bala-kkk.kz Annex V: ‘Child Friendly City’ survey for children aged 13–17 49 The UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) in the Republic of Kazakhstan 10 A Beibitshilik St. Annex VI: Instruction for a children’s situation report 59 Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan Tel: +7 (7172) 32 17 97, 32 29 69, 32 28 78 Fax: +7 (7172) 32 18 03 www.unicef.kz, www.unicef.org Bibliography 63 ISBN 978-601-7523-25-1 4 Child friendly city Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan Child friendly city Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan 5 List of abbreviations Introduction A Child Friendly City is a city where children and young people have the opportunity to fully develop and to actively CFC Child Friendly City and genuinely participate in public life. IMCI Integrated management of childhood illness The principles of building child friendly cities are oped by Prof. Giorgio Tamburlini, Rafaella Schiro IQ Intelligence quotient especially important in light of growing urbani- and Ilkhom Gafurov, of the European School for zation and the importance of residents, including Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health MDG Millennium Development Goals children and youth, to influence decisions taken in Trieste (Italy). by local authorities and programs being imple- mented. The following people have provided support in PMR Perinatal mortality rate developing the methodology: Ayash Makenova, This publication explains the importance of the Gulnash Koshkarova and Klara Seidakhmetova, of UN United Nations Organisation Child Friendly City initiative, stages of joining the the Committee for Child Rights Protection of the initiative in Kazakhstan and generally recognized Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic UNFPA United Nations Population Fund approaches to monitoring and assessment of of Kazakhstan, as well as representatives from 17 children’s situation such as collection of quanti- cities and four districts across Kazakhstan respon- UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund tative data from official sources and surveying of sible for implementing the ‘Child Friendly Cities’ children of different ages. initiative on the ground. UNICEF representatives WHO World Health Organisation Damir Kozhanbayev and Anna Stativkina have Methodology is based on the international experi- provided co-ordination, advice and organizational ence of the ‘Child Friendly Cities’ initiative, devel- assistance. Child friendly city Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan 7 What is a child-friendly city? A Child Friendly City (CFC) is a city where children and young people have the opportunity to fully develop and to actively and genuinely participate in public life, taking decisions on matters concerning them. It is a city in which there is no discrimination based on gender, health status, social status, nationality or religion. In a CFC, local executive bodies, agencies, and • Drink safe water and have access to proper child and youth associations, alongside all resi- sanitation; dents, make efforts to promote children's rights, as enshrined in the Convention on the Rights of • Be protected from exploitation, violence and the Child. Children’s views are heard and taken abuse; into account when planning local development • Have green spaces for plants and animals; programmes. • Walk safely in the streets on their own; The aim of the initiative is to improve the lives of children and young people and to guarantee the • Meet friends and play; right of every young citizen to: • Live in an unpolluted environment; • Express their opinion on the city they want; • Participate in cultural and social events; and • Influence decisions about their city; • Be an equal citizen within their city, having ac- • Participate in family, community and social life; cess to every service, regardless of ethnic origin, religion, income, gender or disability1. • Receive basic services, such as health care, education and housing; 1 Building Child Friendly Cities: A Framework for Action, UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, March 2004. 8 Child friendly city Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan Child friendly city Initiative implementation methodology for the Republic of Kazakhstan 9 History of the CFC initiative Why participate worldwide and in Kazakhstan in the CFC initiative? on Women’s Affairs and Family and Demographic The ‘Child Friendly City’ initiative aims to guide Ensuring that there is a systematic process to Policy, under the President of Kazakhstan, and cities and other systems of local governance in assess the impact of law, policy and practice on The launching of the ‘Mayor with support from UNICEF in Kazakhstan. the inclusion of child rights as a key component children: before, during and after implementation. of strategies and programmes2. The initiative Defenders of Children’ initiative by The first cities to join the initiative were Satpayev, originated from several important trends: rapid 6 A children’s budget UNICEF, in 1992, in Dakar (Senegal), Saran, Semey, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Aksu, Pavlodar urbanization; the growing responsibilities of the Ensuring adequate resource commitment and and the Almalinskiy District of Almaty, in 2008 Government towards residents in the context of budget analysis for children. recognized the important role of and 2009. decentralization of public administration; and the 7 A regular report on the ‘State of the City’s local government in the fulfilment of growing importance of cities and towns in the po- children’s rights. Today, there are 21 cities and rayons within the Children’ initiative, including the cities of Astana, Karagan- litical and economic systems of the country. The Ensuring sufficient monitoring and data collection da, Shymkent, Ekibastuz, Aksay, Petropavlovsk, initiative contributes to the implementation of the on the state of children and their rights. Kyzylorda, Balkhash, Aktobe, Kostanay and Aktau, Convention on the Rights of the Child, at a level and the rayons of Abay, Osakarovsky and Nura, in with most direct impact on the lives of children. 8 Making children’s rights known Ensuring awareness of children’s rights among Four years later, in 1996, in Istanbul (Turkey), the the Karaganda Region. This implementation guide is a framework to ‘Child Friendly Cities’ initiative was launched, act- adults, children and governmental bodies. Participating cities take turns to host a national assist cities in becoming more child-friendly in ing on a resolution passed during the second UN all aspects of governance, environment and ser- 9 Independent advocacy for children Conference on Human Settlements. The Confer- CFC forum, at which cities and rayons may share achievements within the initiative. vices. The initiative includes nine building blocks Supporting non-governmental organizations and ence declared that child well-being is the ultimate (structures and activities of municipal govern- developing independent human rights institutions indicator