Buddhism and Jainism Buddhism Buddhism Buddhism Buddhism • Birth – 563 BC. , Lumbini (Kapilavastu) • Death – 483 BC. Kushinagar • Childhood Name – Siddhartha • Father – Suddhodana • Mother – Mahamaya • Foster Mother – Pajapati Gotami • Wife – Yashodhara • Son – Rahul Buddhism Four Sights • Old age • Disease • Death • Sage Buddhism Leaving of Home and Sambodhi • He performed Mahabhinishkramana and left his home at the age of 29 for searching about the truth. • First Teacher – Alara Kalama • Second Teacher – Rudraka Ramputta • He was meditating under a Vata Vriksha - वट वृक्ष (Peepal Tree) on the bank of river Niranjana. • Sambodhi- He took Bodhatwa on 49th day from starting meditation in Gaya. Buddhism Buddhism Buddhism First Sermon • He performed first Sermon (Dhammacakkappavattana) in Sarnath near Varanasi. • He gave maximum sermon at Shravasti • In Sarnath he established Sangha and the first Leady Pupil was Pajapati Gotami. Buddhism 4 Nobel Truths • Sorrow • Cause of Sorrow • Prevention of Sorrow • The Path of Prevention of Sorrow The Eight Fold Path Buddhism Buddha Sects • First time Buddhism divided in to two sects in 383 BC. 1. Sthavira- The Traditionalist 2. Mahasanghika- The Changers • In 1st Century AD Buddhism divided again in 1. Hinayana 2. Mahayana Buddhism Hinayana • This sect believes in original teaching of Buddha. • Don’t believe in Idol Worship. Mahayana • This sect believes in heavenliness of Buddha • Believes in Idol Worship. Buddhism Buddhist Literature The Tri-Pitaka • Language- Pali 1. Vinaya Pitaka • Subject- Monastic rules for Monks. • Written by- Upali • Book of Discipline. 2. Sutta Pitaka • Subject- Collection of sermons of Buddha • Written by- Anand • The Basket of Suttas. Buddhism 3. Abhidhamma Pitaka • Subject- Philosophy appearing in Suttas. • Written by- Moggaliputta Tisya • Doctrine of Buddhism. Jataka Literature • Jataka contain stories of previous birth of historical Buddha. • These are in form of poems • There are 547 Jataka . Buddhism Four Buddhist Councils First Council • Time period- 483 BC • Place- Rajgriha (Bihar) • King(Dynasty)- Ajatashatru (Haryanka) • Chairman- Mahakayapa • Out come- Vinay Pitaka and Sutta Pitaka were written. Buddhism Second Council • Time period- 383 BC • Place- Vaishali (Bihar) • King(Dynasty)- Kalashoka (Shishunaga) • Chairman- Sabbakamini • Out come- First time Buddhism divided in two sects i.e. Sithavira and Mahasanghika. Buddhism Third Council • Time period- 250/251 BC • Place- Pataliputra (Bihar) • King(Dynasty)- Ashoka (Maurya) • Chairman- Moggaliputta Tisya • Out come- Abhidhamma Pitaka was written. Buddhism Fourth Council • Time period- First Cen. AD • Place- Pataliputra (Kashmir) • King(Dynasty)- Kanishka (Kushan) • Chairman- Vasumitra • Out come- Buddhism finally divided in tow sects i.e. Hinyana and Mahayana. Buddhism Five Great Symbols 1. Birth- Lotus, Elephant and Bull 2. Great Departure- Horse 3. Enlightenment- Bodhi Tree 4. First Sermon- Wheel 5. Death- Stupa, and Foot Print Jainism Jainism Jainism Jainism • There are 24 Tirthankara in Jainism. • 1st Tirthankara was Rishabdev. • 2nd Tirthankara was Ajit Nath. • 3rd Tirthankara was Sambhava Nath. Jainism Parshva Nath • He was 23rd Tirthankara. • His father Ashvasena was the rulerof Kashi. • Mother was Vama Devi. Doctrines • Satya (Do not speak a lie) • Ahinsa (Do not commit violence) • Asteya (Do not setal) • Aparigraha (Do not acquires property) Jainism Jainism Mahavira Swami • Childhood name- Vardhaman • Birth- 540 BC. • Father- Siddharth (King of Gyantrika Republic) • Mother- Trishala (Lichchhavi Princess) • Wife- Yashoda • Daughter- Anojya or Priyadarshana • Son in Law- Jamali Jainism • He renounced his family at the age of 30. • Spent 12 years meditating and attained the Gyan/Kaivalya. • He accepted 4 doctrines given by Parsva Nath and added 5th in it as Brahmacharya. Jainism Tri- Ratna or Three Jewels • Right Faith- Samyaka Darshan • Right Knowledge- Samyaka Gyan • Right Action- Samyaka Acharan • Syadawada or Anekantavad was introduced by Mahavira. • At the age of 72 years he attained nirvana at Pawapuri in year 468 BC. Jainism Jain Sects • There were two sects of Jainism. Digambara • Those who keep themselves naked. • Leader- Bhadrabahu Shvetambra • Those who put on white dress. • Leader- Sthulabahu • Jain literature are known as Aagam • Language- Prakrit. Jainism Jainism Jain councils First council Year- 322BC Place - Patliputra Chairman - Sthulabahu Outcome - started to compile 12 Angas. Jainism Second Council Year- 512 AD Place – Vallabhi (Gujarat) Chairman - Devridhimani Outcome- Jain literature finally compiled. .